Bambusa

Bambusa is a large genus of clumping bamboos.^[3] Most species of Bambusa are rather large, with numerous branches emerging from the nodes, and one or two much larger than the rest. The branches can be as long as 11 m (35 ft).

Bambusa
Bambusa oldhamii
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Clade:	Commelinids
Order:	Poales
Family:	Poaceae
Subfamily:	Bambusoideae
Tribe:	Bambuseae
Subtribe:	Bambusinae
Genus:	Bambusa Schreb.
Type species
Bambusa bambos (L.) Voss[1]
Synonyms[2]
Arundarbor Kuntze Bambos Retz. Bambus J. F. Gmel. Dendrocalamopsis (L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung) Q.H.Dai & X.L.Tao Dendrocalamopsis Q.H.Dai & X.L.Tao Ischurochloa Büse Leleba Nakai Lingnania McClure Tetragonocalamus Nakai Neosinocalamus Keng f. Pseudobambusa T.Q.Nguyen

They are native to Southeast Asia, South Asia, China, Taiwan, the Himalayas, New Guinea, Melanesia, and the Northern Territory of Australia. They are also reportedly naturalized in other regions, e.g. Africa, Americas, and various oceanic islands.^[2][4][5][6]

Species

Plants of the World Online includes:^[2]

1. Bambusa affinis Munro – Laos, Myanmar
2. Bambusa albolineata L.C.Chia – Fujian, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Zhejiang
3. Bambusa alemtemshii H.B.Naithani – Nagaland
4. Bambusa amplexicaulis W.T.Lin & Z.M.Wu – Guangdong
5. Bambusa angustiaurita W.T.Lin – Guangdong
6. Bambusa angustissima L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong
7. Bambusa arnhemica F.Muell. – Northern Territory of Australia
8. Bambusa assamica Barooah & Borthakur – Assam
9. Bambusa aurinuda McClure – Guangxi, Vietnam
10. Bambusa australis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Vietnam
11. Bambusa balcooa Roxb. – India, Nepal, Assam, Bangladesh, Indo-China; naturalized in South Africa and the islands of the Gulf of Guinea
12. Bambusa bambos (L.) Voss – India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Assam, Indochina; naturalized in Seychelles, Central America, West Indies, Java, Malaysia, Maluku, Philippines
13. Bambusa barpatharica Borthakur & Barooah – Arunachal Pradesh, Assam
14. Bambusa basihirsuta McClure – Guangdong, Zhejiang
15. Bambusa basihirsutoides N.H.Xia – Guangdong
16. Bambusa basisolida W.T.Lin – Guangdong
17. Bambusa beecheyana Munro – Taiwan, Myanmar, Vietnam, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan; naturalized in Colombia, Brazil
18. Bambusa bicicatricata (W.T.Lin) L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Hainan
19. Bambusa binghamii Gamble – Myanmar
20. Bambusa boniopsis McClure – Hainan
21. Bambusa brevispicula Holttum – New Guinea
22. Bambusa brunneoaciculia G.A.Fu – Hainan
23. Bambusa burmanica Gamble – Bangladesh, Yunnan, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Peninsular Malaysia
24. Bambusa cacharensis R.B.Majumdar – Bangladesh, Assam
25. Bambusa cerosissima McClure – Guangdong. Guangxi, Vietnam
26. Bambusa chungii McClure – Vietnam, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Yunnan
27. Bambusa chunii L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Laos; cultivated in Hong Kong
28. Bambusa clavata Stapleton – Bhutan
29. Bambusa comillensis Alam – india
30. Bambusa concava W.T.Lin – Hainan
31. Bambusa contracta L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong, Guangxi
32. Bambusa copelandii Gamble – Myanmar
33. Bambusa corniculata L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangxi
34. Bambusa cornigera McClure – Guangxi
35. Bambusa crispiaurita W.T.Lin & Z.M.Wu – Guangdong
36. Bambusa dahuazhu T.P.Yi & B.X.Li
37. Bambusa dampaeana H.B.Naithani, Garbyal & N.S.Bisht – Mizoram
38. Bambusa daporijoeana H.B.Naithani & Kandwal
39. Bambusa deformis T.P.Yi & Lin Yang
40. Bambusa diaoluoshanensis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Hainan
41. Bambusa dissimulator McClure – Guangdong, Vietnam; naturalized in Brazil, Puerto Rico
42. Bambusa distegia (Keng & Keng f.) L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Sichuan
43. Bambusa dolichoclada Hayata – Fujian, Taiwan; naturalized in Ryukyu Islands
44. Bambusa duriuscula W.T.Lin – Hainan
45. Bambusa emeiensis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guizhou, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan
46. Bambusa eutuldoides McClure – Guangdong, Guangxi; naturalized in Colombia
47. Bambusa excurrensa G.A.Fu
48. Bambusa farinacea K.M.Wong – Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia
49. Bambusa fimbriligulata McClure – Myanmar
50. Bambusa flexuosa Munro – Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Guangdong, Hainan
51. Bambusa fruticosa Holttum – Papua New Guinea
52. Bambusa funghomii McClure – Henan, Guangdong, Guangxi
53. Bambusa garuchokua Barooah & Borthakur – Assam
54. Bambusa gibba McClure – Vietnam, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Jiangxi; naturalized in Ecuador
55. Bambusa gibboides W.T.Lin – Guangdong
56. Bambusa glabrovagina G.A.Fu – Hainan
57. Bambusa glaucophylla Widjaja – Java
58. Bambusa grandis (Q.H.Dai & X.L.Tao) Ohrnb. – Guangxi
59. Bambusa griffithiana Munro – Manipur, Myanmar
60. Bambusa guangxiensis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangxi
61. Bambusa gurgandii K.M.Wong & Diep
62. Bambusa hainanensis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Hainan
63. Bambusa heterostachya (Munro) Holttum – Peninsular Malaysia
64. Bambusa horsfieldii Munro – Java, Philippines
65. Bambusa indigena L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong
66. Bambusa insularis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Hainan
67. Bambusa intermedia Hsueh f. & T.P.Yi – Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan
68. Bambusa jacobsii Widjaja – Java
69. Bambusa jaintiana R.B.Majumdar – Nepal, Bhutan, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Myanmar
70. Bambusa khasiana Munro – Assam
71. Bambusa kingiana Gamble – Myanmar
72. Bambusa kyathaungtu E.G.Camus
73. Bambusa lako Widjaja – Timor
74. Bambusa lapidea McClure – Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan
75. Bambusa latideltata W.T.Lin – Guangdong
76. Bambusa laxa K.M.Wong – Peninsular Malaysia
77. Bambusa lenta L.C.Chia – Fujian
78. Bambusa lituiformis W.Arthan, Teerawat. & Sungkaew
79. Bambusa longipalea W.T.Lin – Guangdong
80. Bambusa longispiculata Gamble – Bangladesh, Myanmar; naturalized in Vietnam, Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua, Colombia, Ecuador, Puerto Rico
81. †Bambusa lugdunensis Saporta – Neogene deposits of Europe
82. Bambusa macrolemma Holttum – New Britain
83. Bambusa macrotis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong
84. Bambusa maculata Widjaja – Maluku
85. Bambusa majumdarii P.Kumari & P.Singh – Meghalaya
86. Bambusa malingensis McClure – Hainan; naturalized in Cuba
87. Bambusa manipureana H.B.Naithani & N.S.Bisht – Manipur
88. Bambusa marginata Munro – Myanmar
89. Bambusa merrillii Gamble – Luzon
90. Bambusa microcephala (Pilg.) Holttum – New Guinea
91. Bambusa mizorameana H.B.Naithani – Mizoram
92. Bambusa mohanramii P.Kumari & P.Singh – Meghalaya
93. Bambusa mollis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangxi
94. Bambusa multiplex (Lour.) Raeusch. ex Schult.f. – Nepal, Bhutan, Assam, Laos, Myanmar, Vietnam, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan; naturalized in Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Iraq, Bismarck Archipelago, New Zealand, Chiapas, Central America, West Indies, Colombia, Ecuador, eastern Brazil, Florida, Georgia, Alabama
95. Bambusa mutabilis McClure – Hainan; naturalized in Puerto Rico
96. Bambusa nagalandiana H.B.Naithani – Nagaland
97. Bambusa nairiana P.Kumari & P.Singh – Meghalaya
98. Bambusa nepalensis Stapleton – Nepal
99. Bambusa nghiana V.T.Tran - Vietnam, Thailand
100. Bambusa nutans Wall. ex Munro – Himalayas of eastern + northern India; Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam
101. Bambusa odashimae Hatus. ex D.Z.Li & Stapleton – Taiwan; naturalized in Ryukyu Islands
102. Bambusa oldhamii Munro – Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, Zhejiang; naturalized in Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands, New Zealand, Chiapas, Honduras, Puerto Rico, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
103. Bambusa oliveriana Gamble – Myanmar
104. Bambusa ooh Widjaja & Astuti – Bali
105. Bambusa pachinensis Hayata – Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Zhejiang
106. Bambusa pallida Munro – Sikkim, Yunnan, Assam, Bangladesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Indochina
107. Bambusa papillata (Q.H.Dai) K.M.Lan – Guangxi
108. Bambusa papillatoides Q.H.Dai & D.Y.Huang – Guangxi
109. Bambusa pervariabilis McClure – Guangdong, Guangxi; naturalized in Puerto Rico
110. Bambusa pierreana E.G.Camus – Thailand, Vietnam
111. Bambusa piscatorum McClure – Hainan
112. Bambusa polymorpha Munro – Bangladesh, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand; naturalized in Assam, Sri Lanka, Java, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Ecuador
113. Bambusa procera A.Chev. & A.Camus – Vietnam, Cambodia
114. Bambusa prominens H.L.Fung & C.Y.Sia – Sichuan
115. Bambusa purpurovagian G.A.Fu
116. Bambusa ramispinosa L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangxi
117. Bambusa rangaensis Borthakur & Barooah – Arunachal Pradesh, Assam
118. Bambusa rectocuneata (W.T.Lin) N.H.Xia, R.S.Lin & R.H.Wang – Guangdong
119. Bambusa remotiflora (Kuntze) L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong, Guangxi, Vietnam
120. Bambusa riauensis Widjaja – Sumatra
121. Bambusa rigida Keng & Keng f. – Sichuan
122. Bambusa riparia Holttum – Papua New Guinea
123. Bambusa rongchengensis (T.P.Yi & C.Y.Sia) D.Z.Li – Sichuan
124. Bambusa rugata (W.T.Lin) Ohrnb. – Guangdong
125. Bambusa rutila McClure – Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan
126. Bambusa salarkhanii Alam – Nepal, Bangladesh
127. Bambusa semitecta W.T.Lin & Z.M.Wu – Guangdong
128. Bambusa sesquiflora (McClure) L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Thailand, Vietnam
129. Bambusa sinospinosa McClure – Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan
130. Bambusa solida Munro ex Becc. – Borneo
131. Bambusa solomonensis Holttum – Solomon Islands
132. Bambusa spinosa Roxb. – Indonesia, Philippines; naturalized in southern China, Ryukyu Islands, Indochina, Malaysia, Puerto Rico (synonym B. blumeana Schult. & Schult.)
133. Bambusa stenoaurita (W.T.Lin) T.H.Wen – Guangdong
134. Bambusa subaequalis H.L.Fung & C.Y.Sia – Sichuan
135. Bambusa subtruncata L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong
136. Bambusa surrecta (Q.H.Dai) Q.H.Dai – Guangxi
137. Bambusa tabacaria (Lour.) Steud. – Vietnam, Java, Maluku
138. Bambusa teres Munro – Tibet, Guangdong, Guangxi, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar
139. Bambusa textilis McClure – Anhui, Guangdong, Guangxi, Vietnam; naturalized in Colombia, Puerto Rico
140. Bambusa transvenula (W.T.Lin & Z.J.Feng) N.H.Xia – Guangdong
141. Bambusa truncata B.M.Yang – Hunan
142. Bambusa tsangii McClure – Vietnam
143. Bambusa tulda Roxb – Tibet, Yunnan, Himalayas, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam, India, Bangladesh, northern Indochina; naturalized in Iraq, Ecuador, Brazil, Colombia, Puerto Rico
144. Bambusa tuldoides Munro – Guangdong, Guangxi, Indochina; naturalized in Ryukyu Islands, Bangladesh, Chiapas, El Salvador, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, Trinidad, Ecuador, Brazil, Colombia
145. Bambusa utilis W.C.Lin – Taiwan
146. Bambusa valida (Q.H.Dai) W.T.Lin – Guangxi
147. Bambusa variostriata (W.T.Lin) L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong
148. Bambusa ventricosa McClure – Guangdong, Vietnam; naturalized in Brazil, Malaysia
149. Bambusa villosula Kurz – Myanmar
150. Bambusa vinhphuensis T.Q.Nguyen – Vietnam
151. Bambusa viridis Widjaja – western New Guinea
152. Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. – Yunnan, Indochina; naturalized in parts of Africa, Madagascar, Malaysia, Indonesia, New Guinea, Indian Subcontinent, Latin America, West Indies, United States (Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Florida, Arizona, South Carolina, Maryland, New Jersey)
153. Bambusa wenchouensis (T.H.Wen) Keng f. ex Q.F.Zheng, Y.M.Lin – Fujian, Zhejiang
154. Bambusa xiashanensis L.C.Chia & H.L.Fung – Guangdong
155. Bambusa xueana Ohrnb. – Yunnan
156. Bambusa xueliniana R.S.Lin & C.H.Zheng

Note: now placed in Pseudobambusa:

• B. schizostachyoides Kurz ex Gamble – Myanmar, Vietnam, Andaman Islands

Fossil record

Fossil leaves of †Bambusa ilinskiae are described from the Miocene deposits of the Carpathians. The fossil leaves of †Bambusa lugdunensis are known mainly from the Miocene of the Massif du Coiron in Ardèche, France, Miocene of Bełchatów in Poland, Middle Miocene of Austria, the Neogene of the Transcarpathians and the Pliocene of southern France.^[7] Findings of fossil Bambusa leaf impressions of Messinian age (ca. 5.7 Ma) from Monte Tondo in the Romagna Apennines in northern Italy, are similar to fossil †Bambusa lugdunensis leaves.^[8]

See also

• Domesticated plants and animals of Austronesia

References

1. "Genus: Bambusa Schreb". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Retrieved 24 January 2012.
2. Plants of the World Online (retrieved 15 March 2024)
3. "Bambusa". The Plant List, RBG Kew. Retrieved 24 January 2012.
4. Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 8, 9, 簕竹属 le zhu shu, Bambusa Schreber, Gen. Pl. 236. 1789.
5. Clayton, W. D. & S. A. Renvoize. 1986. Genera graminum. Grasses of the world. Kew Bulletin : Additional Series 13: 1–389.
6. G.P. Chapman. 1997. Bamboos. Academic Press, New York.
7. Acta Palaeobotanica – Supplementum No. 3 – New Fossil Floras from Neogene Deposits in the Bełchatów Lignite Mine by Grzegor Worobiec – Polish Academy of Sciences, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Krakow 2003
8. Palaeoenvironmental analysis of the Messinian macrofossil floras of Tossignano and Monte Tondo (Vena del Gesso Basin, Romagna Apennines, northern Italy) – Vasilis Teodoridis, Zlatko Kvacek, Marco Sami and Edoardo Martinetto – December 2015 doi:10.14446/AMNP.2015.249.