Bai Sheng

Bai Sheng is a fictional character in Water Margin, one of the Four Great Classical Novels in Chinese literature. Nicknamed "Daylight Rat", he ranks 106th among the 108 Stars of Destiny and 70th among the 72 Earthly Fiends.

Bai Sheng
Water Margin character
Bai Sheng
First appearance	Chapter 16
Nickname	"Daylight Rat" 白日鼠
Rank	106th, Rat Star (地耗星) of the 72 Earthly Fiends
Scout leader of Liangshan
Origin	Gambler
Ancestral home / Place of origin	Anle Village, Yuncheng County, Shandong
Names
Simplified Chinese	白胜
Traditional Chinese	白勝
Pinyin	Bái Shèng
Wade–Giles	Pai Sheng

In this Chinese name, the family name is Bai.

Background

Bai Sheng, who lives with his wife in Anle Village (安樂村) in Yuncheng prefecture, Shandong, is nicknamed "Daylight Rat" because he is a do-nothing who spends most of his time on gambling.

Robbing the birthday gifts

Bai Sheng once received help from Chao Gai, the headman of Dongxi Village in Yuncheng County. When Chao and his six confederates plan to seize valuables in transportation to Grand Tutor Cai Jing in the imperial capital Dongjing, Chao suggests using Bai's home as their base as it is not far from Yellow Mud Ridge, where they would stage the hijack. Wu Yong, the strategist of the gang, suggests roping Bai into their plan.

In fact, Bai Sheng assumes a central role as a fake wine seller. The plan is to beguile the escorts of the valuables to drink the drugged wine in one of his two buckets. Bai crosses the ridge carrying the buckets suspended on a pole on the day the soldiers, disguised as merchants, come by its top and take a rest in a grove as the weather is terribly hot. Meanwhile Chao Gai and his gang, posing as date traders, are already there pretending too to have a respite in their journey. Happy to see a wine seller, the escorts think they could have some refreshments. But their leader Yang Zhi forbids them, stressing caution.

Chao Gai and his gang pretends to approach Bai to buy a bucket of wine. Bai initially refuses to sell them any in a sham act to further lower the escorts' guard. He eventually relents and sells one bucket. Then Liu Tang pretends to steal a free scoop from the other. Bai Sheng chases after him when Wu Yong also tries to pinch a scoop. Bai snatches the scoop in Wu's hand and pours the wine, now laced with drug, back into the bucket. As the "date traders" have drunk from both buckets with no seeming ill-effects, Yang Zhi grudgingly gives in to his men's pleas and allows them to buy the remaining wine. He himself also has some sips. Bai Sheng leaves the scene once all his wine is consumed.

Soon Yang Zhi and his men feel dizzy and fall over numb in their limbs. The seven robbers cart away the valuables. Bai Sheng later receives his share of the loot.

Joining Liangshan

Grand Secretary Liang Shijie, who is also the governor of Daming prefecture, is mad over the loss of the valuables, which are his birthday gifts to his father-in-law Cai Jing. He orders the prefect of Jizhou, where Yellow Mud Ridge is located, to quickly track down and arrest the robbers. The prefect assigns constable He Tao to investigate the case.

He Qing, He Tao's brother, has run into Cao Gai's group shortly before the hijack in an inn near Yellow Mud Ridge and was surprised to see the village headman posing as a trader. Later he also came across Bai Sheng carrying two buckets of wine. He feeds his brother the tips, who immediately takes his men to Bai‘s house. Bai's wife claims that her husband is ill. But He insists on a search and finds a bundle of valuables buried in the ground under Bai's bed. Bai is arrested with his wife and subjected to torture to make him name the other seven. Bai initially denies involvement but in the end breaks under torment.

Song Jiang, a clerk of Yuncheng's magistrate, is shocked when told by He Tao that Chao Gai has been identified as the mastermind of the Yellow Mud Ridge robbery. He rushes to Chao's house to alert him. Chao and his gang manages to flee and seek refuge in the bandit stronghold of Liangshan Marsh. After Chao is elected leader of Liangshan, replacing its original chief Wang Lun who was killed by Lin Chong, he sends men to bribe the prison guards at Jizhou to be lax in their watch over Bai Sheng. This enables Bai to slip out of jail. He joins Liangshan along with his wife.

Campaigns and death

Bai Sheng is appointed as one of the scout leaders of Liangshan after the 108 Stars of Destiny came together in what is called the Grand Assembly. He participates in the campaigns against the Liao invaders and rebel forces in Song territory following amnesty from Emperor Huizong for Liangshan.

Bai Sheng dies of illness soon after the battle of Hangzhou in the campaign against Fang La.

References

• Buck, Pearl S. (2006). All Men are Brothers. Moyer Bell. ISBN 9781559213035.
• Miyazaki, Ichisada (1993). Suikoden: Kyoko no naka no Shijitsu (in Japanese). Chuo Koronsha. ISBN 978-4122020559.
• Keffer, David. "Outlaws of the Marsh: A Somewhat Less Than Critical Commentary". Poison Pie Publishing House. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
• Li, Mengxia (1992). 108 Heroes from the Water Margin (in Chinese). EPB Publishers. p. 215. ISBN 9971-0-0252-3.
• Miyamoto, Yoko (2011). "Water Margin: Chinese Robin Hood and His Bandits". Demystifying Confucianism. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
• Shibusawa, Kou (1989), Bandit Kings of Ancient China, Koei
• Zhang, Lin Ching (2009). Biographies of Characters in Water Margin. Writers Publishing House. ISBN 978-7506344784.