Arab Ba'ath Movement

The Arab Baʽath Movement (Arabic: حركة البعث العربي Ḥarakat al-Baʽth al-‘Arabī), also literally translated as Arab Resurrection Movement or Arab Renaissance Movement, was the Baathist political movement and predecessor of the Arab Socialist Baʽath Party.^[1] The party was first named Arab Ihya Movement (Ḥarakat al-Iḥyāʼ al-‘Arabī) literally translated as Arab Revitalization Movement, until 1943 when it adopted the name "Baʽath".^[2][3] It was founded in 1940 by Michel Aflaq.^[4][5][6] Its founders, Aflaq and Bitar, were both associated with nationalism and socialism.^[7]

Arab Ba'ath Movement حركة البعث العربي
Leader	Michel Aflaq and Salah al-Din al-Bitar
Founded	1940 (1940)
Dissolved	1947 (1947)
Preceded by	Party of National Brotherhood
Succeeded by	Ba'ath Party
Newspaper	Al-Tali'a
Ideology	Ba'athism
Colors	Black, Red, White and Green (Pan-Arab colors)
Politics of Syria Political parties Elections

History

The Movement was formed in 1940 as the Arab Ihya Movement by Syrian expatriate Michel Aflaq.

Shortly after being founded, the Movement became involved in anti-colonial Arab nationalist militant activities, including Aflaq founding the Syrian Committee to Help Iraq that was created in 1941 to support the anti-British and pro-Axis government of Iraq against the British during the Anglo-Iraqi War of 1941.^[8] The Syrian Committee sent weapons and volunteers to fight alongside Iraqi forces against the British.^[9]

Aflaq unsuccessfully ran as a candidate for the Syrian parliament in 1943.^[10] After the Syrian election defeat, the Movement sought cooperation with other parties in elections in Syria, including the Arab Socialist Movement of Akram El-Hourani.^[11]

The Party merged with Al-Arsuzi's Arab Baʽath Party in 1947, and al-Hawrani's Arab Socialist Movement later merged into the party in the 1950s to establish the Arab Socialist Baʽath Party.

References

1. Jasim M. Abdulghani. Iraq & Iran: the years of crisis. Croom Helm, Ltd., 1984. Pp. 27.
2. Michel Curtis. People and Politics in the Middle East. Transaction Books. Pp. 132, 139.
3. Jasim M. Abdulghani. Iraq & Iran: the years of crisis. Croom Helm, Ltd., 1984. Pp. 27.
4. Michel Curtis. People and Politics in the Middle East. Pp. 132.
5. David Seddon. A political and economic dictionary of the Middle East. London, England, UK: Taylor & Francis e-library, 2005. Pp. 19.
6. Ghareeb, Edmund A.; Dougherty, Beth K. Historical Dictionary of Iraq. Lanham, Maryland and Oxford: The Scarecrow Press, Ltd., 2004. Pp. 2.
7. Rami Ginat. Egypt's incomplete revolution: Lutfi al-Khuli and Nasser's socialism in the 1960s. Routledge, 1997. Pp. 11.
8. Spencer Tucker. The Encyclopedia of Middle East Wars: The United States in the Persian Gulf, Afghanistan, and Iraq Conflicts, Volume 1. Santa Barbara, California, USA: ABC-CLIO, 2010. Pp. 30
9. Spencer Tucker. The Encyclopedia of Middle East Wars: The United States in the Persian Gulf, Afghanistan, and Iraq Conflicts, Volume 1. Santa Barbara, California, USA: ABC-CLIO, 2010. Pp. 30
10. Spencer Tucker. The Encyclopedia of Middle East Wars: The United States in the Persian Gulf, Afghanistan, and Iraq Conflicts, Volume 1. Santa Barbara, California, USA: ABC-CLIO, 2010. Pp. 30
11. Spencer Tucker. The Encyclopedia of Middle East Wars: The United States in the Persian Gulf, Afghanistan, and Iraq Conflicts, Volume 1. Santa Barbara, California, USA: ABC-CLIO, 2010. Pp. 30