Afet İnan

Ayşe Afet İnan (30 October 1908 – 8 June 1985) was a Turkish historian and sociologist. She was one of the eight adopted daughters of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. She was known to be involved in the practice of physical anthropology, as she measured over sixty thousand skulls in Anatolia, which was aimed to support the Turkish History Thesis.^[1][2]

Prof. Dr. Afet İnan
Born	Ayşe Afet 30 October 1908 Selanik, Salonica Vilayet, Ottoman Empire
Died	8 June 1985(1985-06-08) (aged 76) Ankara, Turkey
Nationality	Turkish
Education	History, sociology
Alma mater	University of Geneva, Switzerland
Occupation	Academic
Organization	University of Ankara
Known for	Adopted daughter of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Spouse	Rıfat İnan
Children	2
Parent(s)	İsmail Hakkı Uzmay (father) Şehzane (mother)

Biography

Afet İnan was born to İsmail Hakkı Bey (İsmail Hakkı Uzmay) and Şehzane Hanım from Doyran (present day Dojran),^[3][4] in 1908 in the district of Kesendire (Polyoroz, present day Kassandra, Greece) in Salonica Vilayet.^[5]

She and her family emigrated to Adapazarı because of the Balkan Wars. She started primary school in Adapazarı on March 4, 1913.　They then moved to Ankara, Mihalıççık, Karaoğlan, and Biga. Her mother Şehzane died of tuberculosis on May 15, 1915. Since her father then married a young girl, Ayşe Afet decided to become a teacher to earn her own living.^[6] When they lived in Biga, her younger sister Nezihe was born to her father Ismail Hakki and his second wife. In 1920, she finished her six years of primary education. In 1921, they settled to Alanya. In 1922, she got a teaching qualification in Elmalı and was assigned as headteacher to Elmalı Girls' School. She graduated from the Bursa Teachers College for Girls in 1925, and started to work as a primary school teacher in İzmir. She met Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in October of the same year during his visit to İzmir.

Left to right: Rukiye (Erkin), Sabiha (Gökçen), Afet (İnan), and Zehra (Aylin), adopted daughters of M. K. Atatürk.

Afet was sent in 1925 by Atatürk to Lausanne, Switzerland, to learn French. After returning to Turkey in 1927, she attended the French Lycée Notre Dame de Sion Istanbul. On finishing there she was appointed as a secondary school teacher for history. In 1935, Afet İnan went to Switzerland again and was a student of Eugène Pittard at the University of Geneva between 1936 and 1938. In 1939, after graduating, she obtained a PhD in sociology. In 1950, she became a professor at the University of Ankara.

She was the co-founder and a leading member of the Turkish Historical Society.

İnan died on 8 June 1985, in Ankara, leaving behind her daughter Arı and her son Demir.

The "Afet İnan Historical Studies Award" is given biennially by the Turkish History Foundation in cooperation with İnan's family.

References

1. Corry Guttstadt (2008). Turkey, the Jews, and the Holocaust. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-76991-4.
2. Esra Özyürek (2006). Nostalgia for the Modern: State Secularism and Everyday Politics in Turkey. Dake University Press. ISBN 978-0-8223-3879-6.
3. Özdemir, Özlem (2021). Afet: Atatürk'ün Manevi Kızı Prof. Dr. Afet İnan'ın Yaşamöyküsü (in Turkish). Kırmızı Kedi. ISBN 978-6052987902.
4. Arı İnan, Profesör Doktor Afet İnan, Remzi Kitabevi, 2005, ISBN 978-975-14-1065-8, p. 16. (in Turkish)
5. Arı İnan, Profesör Doktor Afet İnan, p. 23.
6. İpek Çalışlar, Latife Hanım, ISBN Doğan Kitap, 2006, ISBN 978-975-293-478-8, p. 384. (in Turkish)

Selected bibliography

• Medeni bilgiler ve M. Kemal Atatürk'ün el yazıları, Ankara, Türk Tarih Kurumu, 1969
• Atatürk'ten yazdıklarım, Ankara, 1969
• Recherches Sur les Caractéres Anthropologiques des Population de la Turquie, Genève, 1939
• Türk Amirali Piri Reis'in Hayatı ve Eserleri
• L'émancipation de la Femme Turque
• Eski Mısır Tarih ve Medeniyeti, 1956 (History of the Ancient Egypt)
• Biography (in Turkish)