Acrorenal mandibular syndrome

Acrorenal mandibular syndrome is an extremely rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by skeletal and renal abnormalities. These anomalies include split hand and split foot malformations, renal agenesis, polycystic kidneys, uterine malformations, and underdeveloped or absent bones. Although the cause of Acrorenal mandibular syndrome is unknown, it is thought to be autosomal recessive.^[2]

Acrorenal mandibular syndrome
Symptoms	Renal agenesis, split foot, split hand, kidney abnormalities,[1] radius hypoplasia, and ulna hypoplasia.[2]
Usual onset	Neonatal, Antenatal[2]
Causes	Genetics
Frequency	<1 / 1 000 000>[2]

Signs and symptoms

Some characteristic features of Acrorenal mandibular syndrome include a high-arched palate, split foot, split hand, absent or malformed kidneys, absent tibiae, absent fibula, underdevelopment of the radius, and underdevelopment of the ulna.^[2]

Although less likely, those with Acrorenal mandibular syndrome may also have abnormalities of the collar bones, abnormal sense of smell, abnormalities of the uterus, hip dislocations, underdevelopment of the zygomatic bone, low-set posteriorly rotated ears, micrognathia, pectus carinatum, underdeveloped lungs, and a short neck.^[2]

Acrorenal mandibular syndrome can cause intrauterine growth retardation. During pregnancy, mothers of newborns with Acrorenal mandibular syndrome may have less amniotic fluid.^[2]

Causes

Although Acrorenal mandibular syndrome is thought to be autosomal recessive, the syndrome is more common in female children born from consanguineous marriages.^[3]

References

1. "Acro-renal-mandibular syndrome". Ncsu.edu. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
2. "Acro-renal-mandibular syndrome". rarediseases.info.nih.gov. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
3. John, BM (July 2007). "Acrorenal Mandibular Syndrome". Medical Journal Armed Forces India. 63 (3): 297. doi:10.1016/s0377-1237(07)80164-x. PMC 4922736. PMID 27408026.