Remove ads

A large number of languages known only from brief mentions are thought to have been Uto-Aztecan languages, but became extinct without being documented. The following list is based on Campbell (1997:133–135).

  • Acaxee (Aiage): closely related to Tahue, a Cahitan language, linked with Tebaca and Sabaibo.
  • Amotomanco (Otomoaco):[1] uncertain classification, possibly Uto-Aztecan. (See Troike (1988)[2] for more details.)
  • Baciroa: closely connected to Tepahue
  • Basopa
  • Batuc: possibly an Opata dialect
  • Cahuameto:[4] probably belongs with Oguera and Nio
  • Cazcan (Caxcan): sometimes considered to be the same as Zacateca, although Miller (1983) would only consider these to be geographical classifications.
  • Chínipa: may be a Tarahumaran language close to Ocoroni, since colonial sources claim the two are mutually intelligible. It may also instead be a local name for a variety of Guarijío.
  • Coca: spoken near Lake Chapala.
  • Colotlan: a Pimic language closely related to Tepehuan, or Teul and Tepecano
  • Comanito: a Taracahitic language closely related to Tahue
  • Concho:[5] probably a Taracahitic language (Troike 1988). Subdivisions include Chinarra[6], Abasopalme,[7] Chizo; Toboso is possibly related to Concho as well.
  • Conicari:[8] a Taracahitic language closely related to Tahue
  • Giamina/Omomil:[9] Kroeber (1907) and Lamb (1964) believe Giamina may constitute a separate branch of Northern Uto-Aztecan, although Miller (1983) is uncertain about this. It was spoken in Southern California.
  • Guachichil: possibly a variant or close relative of Huichol[citation needed]
  • Guasave: possibly a Taracahitic language, or may instead be non-Uto-Aztecan language possibly related to Seri due to the speakers' maritime economy (Miller 1983). Dialects include Compopori, Ahome, Vacoregue, and Achire.
  • Guazapar (Guasapar):[10] probably a Tarahumara dialect, or it may be more closely related to Guarijío and Chínipa. Guazapar, Jova, Pachera, and Juhine may possibly all be dialects of Tarahumara.
  • Guisca (Coisa)
  • Hio: possibly a Taracahitic language
  • Huite: closely related to Ocoroni, and may be Taracahitic
  • Irritila: a Lagunero band
  • Jova (Jobal, Ova):[11] most often linked with Opata, although some scholars classify it as a Tarahumara dialect. Miller (1983) considers it to be "probably Taracahitan."
  • Jumano;[12] also Humano, Jumana, Xumana, Chouman (from a French source), Zumana, Zuma, Suma, and Yuma. Suma is probably the same language, while Jumano is possibly Uto-Aztecan. (Not to be confused with the Jumana language of Colombia.)
  • Lagunero: may be the same as Irritila, and may also be closely related to Zacateco or Huichol.
  • Macoyahui: probably related to Cahita.
  • Mocorito: a Tahue language, which is Taracahitic.
  • Naarinuquia (Themurete?): Uto-Aztecan affiliation is likely, although it may instead be non-Uto-Aztecan language possibly related to Seri due to the speakers' maritime economy.[13]
  • Nacosura: an Opata dialect
  • San Nicolás (Nicoleño): spoken on San Nicolas Island in California, thought to be a Takic language.
  • Nio: completely undocumented, although it is perhaps related to Ocoroni.
  • Ocoroni: most likely a Taracahitic language, and is reported to be mutually intelligible with Chínipa, and similar to Opata. Related languages may include Huite and Nio.
  • Oguera (Ohuera)
  • Patarabuey: unknown affiliation (Purépecha region near Lake Chapala), and is possibly a Nahuatl dialect.
  • Tahue: may also include Comanito, Mocorito, Tubar, and Zoe. It is possibly a Taracahitic language, and is definitely not Nahuan.
  • Tanpachoa:[14] unknown affiliation,[2] and was once spoken along the Río Grande. Only one word is known, which is ocae 'arrow'.[15]
  • Tecuexe: speakers were possibly part of a "Mexicano" (Nahua) colony.
  • Teco-Tecoxquin: an Aztecan language
  • Tecual: closely related to Huichol. According to Sauer (1934:14), the "Xamaca, by another name called Hueitzolme [Huichol], all ... speak the Thequalme language, though they differ in vowels."
  • Témori: may be a Tarahumara dialect.
  • Tepahue: possibly a Taracahitic language. Closely related languages or dialects include Macoyahui, Conicari, and Baciroa.
  • Tepanec: an Aztecan language.
  • Teul (Teul-Chichimeca): a Pimic language, possibly of the Tepecano subgroup.
  • Toboso: grouped with Concho.
  • Topia: perhaps the same as Xixime (Jijime).
  • Topiame: possibly a Taracahitic language.
  • Totorame: grouped with Cora.
  • Vanyume: a Takic language, closely related to Serrano, of California
  • Xixime (Jijime): spoken by the Xiximes, possibly a Taracahitic language. Subdivisions are Hine and Hume. Its links with Acaxee are uncertain.
  • Zacateco: often considered the same as Acaxee, although this is uncertain. It is possibly related to Huichol, although Miller (1983) leaves it as unclassified.
  • Zoe: possibly a Taracahitic language, with Baimena as a subdivision. It is possibly affiliated with Comanito.

Remove ads

References

Bibliography

Wikiwand in your browser!

Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.

Every time you click a link to Wikipedia, Wiktionary or Wikiquote in your browser's search results, it will show the modern Wikiwand interface.

Wikiwand extension is a five stars, simple, with minimum permission required to keep your browsing private, safe and transparent.

Remove ads