Bigeh

Bigeh (Arabic: بجح; Ancient Egyptian znmwt)^[3] is an island and archaeological site situated along the Nile River in historic Nubia and within the Aswan Governorate of southern Egypt. The island has been situated in the reservoir of the Old Aswan Dam since the dam's initial completion in 1902.^[4][5]

snmwt[1][2] in hieroglyphs
Era: Middle Kingdom (2055–1650 BC)

or
snm(w)t or snm(w)tt[1][2] in hieroglyphs

Ancient Egypt

It was formerly an island in the First Cataract of the Nile River and its fortification controlled the access to ancient Upper Egypt and Nubia. It is a World Heritage Site, located close to Philae and Agilkia Islands and their ancient archaeological sites in the reservoir.^[6]

Bigeh Island was sacred to the ancient Egyptians.^[7] They believed that Osiris was buried on the island^[8] and a temple that stood on it was known as Abaton, Greek for "untrodden place", because only priests were allowed to set foot there.^[9] The temple was mentioned by both Seneca^[10] and Lucan.^[11]

The god Thoth bore the epithets of "Great and Splendid God in Bigeh" and "He that Pacifies the Nsr.t in Bigeh".^[12] It is thought that there may have been a temple of Thoth on the island.

In the mid or late 3rd century AD, an embassy from King Talakhidamani of Kush visited the Abaton with gifts.^[13]

Gallery

• 
  Bigeh (foreground) and Philae with temple,
  in the First Cataract of the Nile River.
  (1838 painting by David Roberts).
• 
  Bigeh island ruins in 2006 in the Old Aswan Dam reservoir.

References

1. Gauthier, Henri (1928). Dictionnaire des Noms Géographiques Contenus dans les Textes Hiéroglyphiques Vol. 5. p. 40.
2. Wallis Budge, E. A. (1920). An Egyptian hieroglyphic dictionary: with an index of English words, king list and geological list with indexes, list of hieroglyphic characters, coptic and semitic alphabets, etc. Vol II. John Murray. p. 1031.
3. Allen, James P. Middle Egyptian Literature 2014, p.12
4. Sidney Peel,The Binding of the Nile and the New Soudan, p.76 (1904)
5. Canay Ozden, The Pontifex Minimus: William Willcocks and Engineering British Colonialism, p. 196, Annals of Science, 2013. DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2013.808378
6. Yale University Publications in Anthropology, Yale University 1936, p.96
7. The Island of Bigeh, www.philae.nu, date unknown, (accessed 17 February 2014 from archive.org)
8. Burton, Anne (1972). Diodorus Siculus. Brill. p. 95
9. Dijkstra, Jitse H. F. (2008). Philae and the End of Ancient Egyptian Religion. Peeters. p. 202.
10. Seneca, Q. N. iv. 2
11. Lucan, x.323
12. Boylan, Patrick (1922). Thoth, Or the Hermes of Egypt. p. 169
13. Josefine Kuckertz (2021), "Meroe and Egypt", in Wolfram Grajetzki, Solange Ashby and Willeke Wendrich (eds.), UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology, Los Angeles.

External links

24.021°N 32.885°E / 24.021; 32.885