P/2020 MK4 (PanSTARRS) is a Chiron-type comet or active centaur orbiting in the outer Solar System between Jupiter and Saturn.[3] It was discovered on 24 June 2020, by the Pan-STARRS survey at Haleakala Observatory in Hawaii, United States.[4]

Quick Facts Discovery, Discovered by ...
P/2020 MK4 (PanSTARRS)
Discovery
Discovered byPan-STARRS 1
Discovery siteHaleakala Obs.
Discovery date24 June 2020
Designations
2020 MK4
Chiron-type comet[1]
centaur[2]
Orbital characteristics[1]
Epoch 17 December 2020 (JD 2459200.5)
Uncertainty parameter 4
Observation arc857 days (2.348 yr)
Aphelion6.25417 AU (0.935611 Tm)
Perihelion6.0253 AU (901.37 Gm)
6.14521 AU (0.919310 Tm)
Eccentricity0.01952
15.23 yr (5564.22 d)
138.7°
0° 3m 52.917s / day
Inclination6.72263°
1.446°
164.5°
Earth MOID5.03147 AU (752.697 Gm)
Jupiter MOID0.578149 AU (86.4899 Gm)
TJupiter3.005
Physical characteristics
11.3[1]
    Close

    Size

    A lower limit for the absolute magnitude of the nucleus is Hg = 11.30±0.03 that, for an albedo in the range 0.1—0.04, gives an upper limit for its size in the interval 23–37 km.[3]

    Colors

    The comet's color indices, (g′r′) = 0.42±0.04 and (r′i′) = 0.17±0.04, indicates the comet's nucleus has a neutral or gray color.[3]

    Activity

    P/2020 MK4 was discovered in outburst state and by late 2020, it had returned to its regular brightness.[5][3] It was recovered by the Lowell Discovery Telescope at an extremely faint apparent magnitude of 24.5 in September 2022.[6] It was officially recognized as a comet by the Minor Planet Center on 20 November 2022, in which it was given the periodic comet designation P/2020 MK4.[7][8]

    Orbital evolution

    Centaurs have short dynamical lives due to strong interactions with the giant planets.[9] P/2020 MK4 follows a very chaotic orbital evolution that may lead it to be ejected from the Solar System during the next 200,000 yr.[3] Extensive numerical simulations indicate that P/2020 MK4 may have experienced relatively close flybys with comet 29P/Schwassmann–Wachmann, in some cases with one of both objects were transient Jovian satellites; during these events, P/2020 MK4 may have crossed the coma of comet 29P when in outburst.[3]

    See also

    References

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