This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1926.
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- February 8 – Seán O'Casey's play The Plough and the Stars opens at the Abbey Theatre, Dublin. At the February 11 performance there is a near-riot: one audience member strikes an actress.[1]
- February 12 – The Irish Free State Minister for Justice, Kevin O'Higgins, appoints a Committee on Evil Literature.
- February 26 – The future English novelist Graham Greene is received into the Catholic Church.
- April 1 – Hugo Gernsback launches his pioneering science fiction magazine Amazing Stories in the United States.
- May 11 – C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien first meet in Oxford.[2]
- October 10 – Mikhail Bulgakov's novel The White Guard (Белая гвардия), partly serialized in Rossiya before the magazine's suppression earlier in the year, opens as a dramatic adaptation, The Days of the Turbins, at the Moscow Art Theatre. It is enjoyed by Stalin.
- October 14 – The children's book Winnie-the-Pooh by A. A. Milne first appears, published by Methuen in London.
- December 3 – The English detective story writer Agatha Christie disappears from her home in Surrey. On December 14 she is found at a Harrogate hotel by the journalist Ritchie Calder, staying under her husband's mistress's surname.
- December – Thomas Mann begins writing Die Geschichten Jaakobs in Munich, first of the tetralogy Joseph and His Brothers (Joseph und seine Brüder), on which he will work until January 1943.
- unknown dates
Children and young people
- January 5 – W. D. Snodgrass, American poet (died 2009)
- January 12 – Shumon Miura, Japanese novelist (died 2017)
- January 13 – Michael Bond, English fiction writer and creator of Paddington Bear (died 2017)[4]
- January 14 – Tom Tryon, American actor and novelist (died 1991)
- January 27 – Fritz Spiegl, Austrian-born musician and writer (died 2003)[5]
- February 3 – Richard Yates, American novelist (died 1992)
- February 8 – Neal Cassady, American writer and poet (died 1968)
- February 20 – Richard Matheson, American science fiction writer (died 2013)
- March 3 – James Merrill, American poet (died 1995)
- March 7 – Chemmanam Chacko, Indian poet (died 2018)
- March 24 – Dario Fo, Italian dramatist and actor (died 2016)[6]
- March 27 – Frank O'Hara, American poet (died 1966)
- March 31 – John Fowles, English novelist (died 2005)[7]
- April 3 – Luís de Sttau Monteiro, Portuguese novelist and dramatist (died 1993)
- April 12 – Khozh-Akhmed Bersanov, Chechen ethnographer (died 2018)
- April 13 – Egon Wolff, Chilean dramatist (died 2016)
- April 23
- April 28 – Harper Lee, American novelist (died 2016)[8]
- April 30 – Edmund Cooper, British poet and author (died 1982)[9]
- May 15 – English twins
- May 21 – Robert Creeley, American author (died 2005)
- June 3 – Allen Ginsberg, American Beat Generation poet (died 1997)[10]
- June 4 – Ain Kaalep, Estonian poet, playwright and critic (died 2020)
- June 13
- June 19 – Giangiacomo Feltrinelli, Italian publisher (died 1972)
- July 7 – Spencer Holst, American writer and storyteller (died 2001)
- July 11 – Frederick Buechner, American author and minister (died 2022)
- July 18 – Elizabeth Jennings, English poet (died 2001)
- August 6 – Elisabeth Beresford, English children's author (died 2010)[11]
- August 12 – Wallace Markfield, American comic novelist (died 2002)
- August 13 – Roy Heath, Guyanese novelist (died 2008)[12]
- August 14
- September 3 – Alison Lurie, American novelist and academic (died 2020)
- September 6 – Clancy Sigal, American writer (died 2017)
- September 14 – Michel Butor, French writer (died 2016)
- September 16 – John Knowles, American novelist (died 2001)[13]
- October 2 – Jan Morris, born James Morris, Anglo-Welsh historian and travel writer (died 2020)
- October 15 – Evan Hunter, American author and screenwriter (died 2005)
- November 5 – John Berger, English art critic and novelist (died 2017)[14]
- November 11
- November 19 – Barry Reckord, Jamaican playwright (died 2011)
- November 20 – John Gardner, English thriller writer (died 2007)
- November 25 – Poul Anderson, American science fiction writer (died 2001)
- December 23 – Robert Bly, American writer (died 2021)
- January 14
- January 26 – Bucura Dumbravă, Romanian novelist and spiritualist (malaria, born 1868)
- February 1 – Ishibashi Ningetsu (石橋 忍月), Japanese author and critic (born 1865)
- February 6 – Wolf Wilhelm Friedrich von Baudissin, German theologian (born 1847)
- February 12 – Radu Rosetti, Romanian politician, historical novelist and memoirist (born 1853)
- March 3 – Sir Sidney Lee, English biographer (born 1859)
- May 9 – J. M. Dent, English publisher (born 1849)
- May 21 – Ronald Firbank, English novelist (born 1886)
- May 23 – Sigrid Elmblad, Swedish author and translator (born 1860)[15]
- May 26 – Srečko Kosovel, Slovenian Expressionist poet (meningitis, born 1904)
- June 27 – Addie C. Strong Engle, American author and publisher (born 1845)
- July 8 – Karel Václav Rais, Czech realist novelist (born 1859)
- July 11 – Fran Detela, Slovenian academic and writer (born 1850)
- July 14 – Elisabeth Cavazza, American author, journalist, and music critic (born 1849)
- July 19 – Ada Cambridge, English/Australian writer and poet (born 1844)
- July 22 – John Burland Harris-Burland, British writer (born 1870)
- August 1 – Israel Zangwill, English poet (born 1864)
- October 5 – Javier de Viana, Uruguayan writer (born 1868)
- October 9 – Helena Nyblom, Danish-born poet and writer of fairy tales (born 1843)
- October 11 – Albert Robida, French illustrator and novelist (born 1848)
- November 10 – Lyubov Dostoyevskaya, Russian memoirist (born 1869)
- December 8 – Sarah Doudney, English novelist, children's writer and hymnist (born 1841)
- December 12 – Jean Richepin, French poet, dramatist and novelist (born 1849)
- December 29 – Rainer Maria Rilke, German poet (born 1875)[16]
- unknown date
Mitchell, Tony (1989). File on Fo. London Portsmouth, N.H., U.S.A.: Methuen Drama HEB Inc. p. 7. ISBN 9780413174307.
Smith, Curtis (1986). Twentieth-century science-fiction writers. Chicago: St. James Press. p. 153. ISBN 9780912289274.
Bohman, Nils; Dahl, Torsten (1955). Svenska män och Kvinnor: Biografisk Uppslagsbok (in Swedish). Stockholm: Bonnier. p. 394. OCLC 1137575928.