1914 United States Senate elections

For related races, see 1914 United States elections.

The 1914 United States Senate elections were held on November 3, 1914. These were the first regularly scheduled elections held following the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1913, which required that all seats up for election be popularly elected, rather than chosen by their state legislatures. Thus, it was the first time that elections were generally scheduled on Election Day to coincide with the U.S. House elections. The 32 seats of Class 3 were contested in regular elections in 1914. Special elections were also held to fill vacancies. These elections occurred in the middle of Democratic President Woodrow Wilson's first term.

1914 United States Senate elections

← 1912 & 1913 November 3, 1914 1916 →
32 of the 96 seats in the United States Senate 49 seats needed for a majority
Majority party Minority party   Leader John W. Kern[a] Jacob H. Gallinger[b] Party Democratic Republican Leader since March 4, 1911 March 4, 1911 Leader's seat Indiana New Hampshire Seats before 53 42 Seats after 56 39 Seat change 3 3 Seats up 17 16 Races won 20 13   Third party   Party Progressive Seats before 1 Seats after 1 Seat change Seats up 0 Races won 0
Results of the elections:      Democratic gain      Democratic hold      Republican hold      No election
Majority conference chairman before election John W. Kern Democratic Elected Majority conference chairman John W. Kern Democratic

After a series of special elections, Democrats entered the election with a 53–42 majority, which they expanded to 56–39 after the elections.

This is one of five elections since 1914 in which the president's party gained Senate seats but lost House seats, something that would be repeated by Democrats in 1962 and 2022 and by Republicans in 1970 and 2018. This was the last time until 2022 that no incumbent senator lost reelection in a general election, although two lost in party primaries. This was also the first of three times in American history that the opposition party failed to flip any Senate seats, along with 1934 and 2022.^[1]

Gains, losses, and holds

Retirements

Four Republicans and three Democrats retired instead of seeking re-election. One Democrat retired instead of seeking election to finish the unexpired term.

State	Senator	Replaced by
Alabama	Francis S. White	Oscar Underwood
California	George Clement Perkins	James D. Phelan
Georgia (special)	William West	Thomas W. Hardwick
Kentucky	Johnson N. Camden Jr.	J. C. W. Beckham
Louisiana	John Thornton	Robert F. Broussard
New York	Elihu Root	James W. Wadsworth Jr.
Ohio	Theodore E. Burton	Warren G. Harding
Wisconsin	Isaac Stephenson	Paul O. Husting

Defeats

Two Republicans sought re-election but lost in the primary election.

State	Senator	Replaced by
Kansas	Joseph L. Bristow	Charles Curtis
South Dakota	Coe I. Crawford	Edwin S. Johnson

Deaths

One Democrat died on August 8, 1913, and his seat remained vacant until a May 11, 1914 special election.

State	Senator	Replaced by
Alabama (special)	Joseph F. Johnston	Francis S. White

Post-election changes

One Democrat died during the 64th Congress and was replaced by a Democratic appointee.

State	Senator	Replaced by
Indiana (Class 3)	Benjamin F. Shively	Thomas Taggart
Maine (Class 2)	Edwin C. Burleigh	Bert M. Fernald

Change in composition

Before the elections

		D1	D2	D3	D4	D5	D6	D7	D8
D18	D17	D16	D15	D14	D13	D12	D11	D10	D9
D19	D20	D21	D22	D23	D24	D25	D26	D27	D28
D38 Ariz. Ran	D37 Ala. (sp) Died Ala. (reg) Retired	D36	D35	D34	D33	D32	D31	D30	D29
D39 Ark. Ran	D40 Colo. Ran	D41 Fla. Ran	D42 Ga. (reg) Ran	D43 Ga. (sp) Retired	D44 Ind. Ran	D45 Ky. (sp) Ran Ky. (reg) Retired	D46 La. Retired	D47 Md. Ran	D48 Mo. Ran
Majority →									D49 Nev. Ran
R39 Utah Ran	R40 Vt. Ran	R41 Wash. Ran	R42 Wisc. Ran	P1	D53 S.C. Ran	D52 Ore. Ran	D51 Okla. Ran	D50 N.C. Ran
R38 S.D. Ran	R37 Pa. Ran	R36 Ohio Retired	R35 N.D. Ran	R34 N.Y. Retired	R33 N.H. Ran	R32 Kan. Ran	R31 Iowa Ran	R30 Ill. Ran	R29 Idaho Ran
R19	R20	R21	R22	R23	R24	R25	R26	R27 Calif. Retired	R28 Conn. Ran
R18	R17	R16	R15	R14	R13	R12	R11	R10	R9
		R1	R2	R3	R4	R5	R6	R7	R8

Elections results

		D1	D2	D3	D4	D5	D6	D7	D8
D18	D17	D16	D15	D14	D13	D12	D11	D10	D9
D19	D20	D21	D22	D23	D24	D25	D26	D27	D28
D38 Ariz. Re-elected	D37 Ala. (sp) Hold Ala. (reg) Hold	D36	D35	D34	D33	D32	D31	D30	D29
D39 Ark. Re-elected	D40 Calif. Gain	D41 Colo. Re-elected	D42 Fla. Re-elected	D43 Ga. (reg) Re-elected	D44 Ga. (sp) Hold	D45 Ind. Re-elected	D46 Ky. (sp) Elected[c] Ky. (reg) Hold	D47 La. Hold	D48 Md. Re-elected
Majority →									D49 Mo. Re-elected
R39 Wash. Re-elected	P1	D56 Wisc. Gain	D55 S.D. Gain	D54 S.C. Re-elected	D53 Ore. Re-elected	D52 Okla. Re-elected	D51 N.C. Re-elected	D50 Nev. Re-elected
R38 Vt. Re-elected	R37 Utah Re-elected	R36 Pa. Re-elected	R35 Ohio Hold	R34 N.D. Re-elected	R33 N.Y. Hold	R32 N.H. Re-elected	R31 Kan. Hold	R30 Iowa Re-elected	R29 Ill. Re-elected
R19	R20	R21	R22	R23	R24	R25	R26	R27 Conn. Re-elected	R28 Idaho Re-elected
R18	R17	R16	R15	R14	R13	R12	R11	R10	R9
		R1	R2	R3	R4	R5	R6	R7	R8

Beginning of the next Congress

		D1	D2	D3	D4	D5	D6	D7	D8
D18	D17	D16	D15	D14	D13	D12	D11	D10	D9
D19	D20	D21	D22	D23	D24	D25	D26	D27	D28
D38	D37	D36	D35	D34	D33	D32	D31	D30	D29
D39	D40	D41	D42	D43	D44	D45	D46	D47	D48
Majority →									D49
R39	R40 Gain[d]	D56	D55	D54	D53	D52	D51	D50
R38	R37	R36	R35	R34	R33	R32	R31	R30	R29
R19	R20	R21	R22	R23	R24	R25	R26	R27	R28
R18	R17	R16	R15	R14	R13	R12	R11	R10	R9
		R1	R2	R3	R4	R5	R6	R7	R8

Key	D# Democratic P# Progressive R# Republican V# Vacant

Summary of races

Special elections during the 63rd Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated once elected and qualified; ordered by election date.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
	Senator	Party	Electoral history
Alabama (Class 3)	Vacant			Joseph F. Johnston (D) died August 8, 1913. New senator elected May 11, 1914. Democratic hold.	▌Y Frank White (Democratic) Unopposed
Georgia (Class 2)	William West	Democratic	1914 (appointed)	Appointee retired. New senator elected November 3, 1914. Democratic hold.	▌Y Thomas W. Hardwick (Democratic) 68.96% ▌G. R. Hutchins (Progressive) 31.04%[2]
Kentucky (Class 3)	Johnson N. Camden Jr.	Democratic	1914 (appointed)	Interim appointee elected November 3, 1914. Winner did not run for the next term, see below.	▌Y Johnson N. Camden Jr. (Democratic) 53.98% ▌William Marshall Bullitt (Republican) 40.43%[3]

Races leading to the 64th Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1915; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
	Senator	Party	Electoral history
Alabama	Frank White	Democratic	1914 (special)	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Democratic hold.	▌Y Oscar Underwood (Democratic) 90.2% ▌Alex Birch (Republican) 6.8%[4] Others ▌Adolphus Longshore (Progressive) 2.35% ▌S. F. Hinton (Socialist) 0.64%
Arizona	Marcus A. Smith	Democratic	1912	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Marcus A. Smith (Democratic) 53.23% ▌J. Lorenzo Hubbell (Republican) 18.95% ▌Eugene W. Chafin (Prohibition) 15.05% ▌Bert Davis (Socialist) 7.39% ▌J. Bernard Nelson (Progressive) 5.38%[5]
Arkansas	James P. Clarke	Democratic	1903 1909	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y James P. Clarke (Democratic) 74.88% ▌Harry H. Myers (Republican) 25.12%[6]
California	George C. Perkins	Republican	1893 (appointed) 1895 (special) 1897 1903 1909	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	▌Y James D. Phelan (Democratic) 31.59% ▌Francis J. Heney (Progressive) 28.81% ▌Joseph R. Knowland (Republican) 28.69% ▌Ernest Untermann (Socialist) 6.41% ▌Frederick F. Wheeler (Prohibition) 4.51%[7]
Colorado	Charles S. Thomas	Democratic	1913 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Charles S. Thomas (Democratic) 40.3% ▌Hubert Work (Republican) 38.99% ▌Benjamin Griffith (Progressive) 10.69% ▌J. C. Griffiths (Socialist) 5.51% ▌George John Kindel (Independent) 4.52%[8]
Connecticut	Frank B. Brandegee	Republican	1905 (special) 1909	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Frank B. Brandegee (Republican) 49.77% ▌Simeon E. Baldwin (Democratic) 42.08% ▌Herbert Smith (Progressive) 3.79% ▌George Spiess (Socialist) 3.26%[9] Others ▌Frederick Platt (Prohibition) 0.75% ▌Clarence Warner (Socialist Labor) 0.36%
Florida	Duncan U. Fletcher	Democratic	1909 (appointed) 1909 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Duncan U. Fletcher (Democratic) Unopposed[10]
Georgia	Hoke Smith	Democratic	1911 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Hoke Smith (Democratic) 68.48% ▌C. W. McClure (Republican) 31.52%[11]
Idaho	James H. Brady	Republican	1913 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y James H. Brady (Republican) 43.89% ▌James H. Hawley (Democratic) 38.14% ▌Paul Clagstone (Progressive) 9.54% ▌Calistus Cooper (Socialist) 7.29% ▌W. M. Duthie (Prohibition) 1.14%[12]
Illinois	Lawrence Y. Sherman	Republican	1913 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Lawrence Y. Sherman (Republican) 38.46% ▌Roger Charles Sullivan (Democratic) 36.76% ▌Raymond Robins (Progressive) 19.99% ▌Adolph Gernies (Socialist) 3.93%[13] Others ▌George Woolsey (Prohibition) 0.66% ▌John M. Francis (Socialist Labor) 0.21%
Indiana	Benjamin F. Shively	Democratic	1909	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Benjamin F. Shively (Democratic) 42.14% ▌Hugh T. Miller (Republican) 35.1% ▌Albert J. Beveridge (Progressive) 16.81% ▌Stephen N. Reynolds (Socialist) 3.36%[14] Others ▌Sumner Haynes (Prohibition) 2.15% ▌James Matthews (Socialist Labor) 0.45%
Iowa	Albert B. Cummins	Republican	1908 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Albert B. Cummins (Republican) 48.19% ▌Maurice Connolly (Democratic) 39.16% ▌Otis Spurgeon (Independent) 5.73% ▌Casper Schenk (Progressive) 3.53%[15] Others ▌I. S. McCullis (Socialist) 1.98% ▌M. L. Christian (Prohibition) 1.41%
Kansas	Joseph L. Bristow	Republican	1909	Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected.[16] Republican hold.	▌Y Charles Curtis (Republican) 35.53% ▌George A. Neeley (Democratic) 34.77% ▌Victor Murdock (Progressive) 22.94% ▌Christian B. Hoffman (Socialist) 4.82% ▌Earle Delay (Prohibition) 1.94%[17]
Kentucky	Johnson N. Camden Jr.	Democratic	1914 (appointed) 1914 (special)	Interim appointee retired. New senator elected. Democratic hold.	▌Y J. C. W. Beckham (Democratic) 51.89% ▌Augustus E. Willson (Republican) 42.53% ▌Burton Vance (Progressive) 4.15% ▌H. J. Robertson (Socialist) 1.44%[18]
Louisiana	John Thornton	Democratic	1910 (special)	Incumbent retired. New senator had already been elected early May 21, 1912. Democratic hold.	▌Y Robert F. Broussard (Democratic) Unopposed[19][20]
Maryland	John W. Smith	Democratic	1908 (special) 1908	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John W. Smith (Democratic) 50.99% ▌Edward C. Carrington Jr. (Republican) 43.89%[21] Others ▌V. Milton Reichard (Progressive) 1.71% ▌Charles Develin (Socialist) 1.51% ▌Richard H. Holme (Prohibition) 1.46% ▌Robert W. Stevens (Labor) 0.45%
Missouri	William J. Stone	Democratic	1903 1909	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y William J. Stone (Democratic) 50.41% ▌Thomas J. Akins (Republican) 41.58% ▌Arthur N. Sager (Progressive) 4.47% ▌Thomas E. Greene (Socialist) 2.76%[22] Others ▌Orange J. Hill (Prohibition) 0.59% ▌J. W. Molineaux (Socialist Labor) 0.2%
Nevada	Francis G. Newlands	Democratic	1909	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Francis G. Newlands (Democratic) 37.46% ▌Samuel Platt (Republican) 37.27% ▌Ashley G. Miller (Socialist) 25.28%[23]
New Hampshire	Jacob Gallinger	Republican	1891 1897 1903 1909	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jacob H. Gallinger (Republican) 51.66% ▌Raymond B. Stevens (Democratic) 44.63%[24] Others ▌Benjamin F. Grier (Prohibition) 2.38% ▌William H. Wilkins (Socialist) 1.34%
New York	Elihu Root	Republican	1909	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Republican hold.	▌Y James W. Wadsworth (Republican) 47.04% ▌James W. Gerard (Democratic) 42.06% ▌Bainbridge Colby (Progressive) 4.56% ▌Charles Edward Russell (Socialist) 4.07% Others ▌Francis E. Baldwin (Prohibition) 2.05% ▌Erwin Archer (Socialist Labor) 0.23%
North Carolina	Lee S. Overman	Democratic	1903 1909	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Lee S. Overman (Democratic) 58.1% ▌A. A. Whitener (Republican) 41.7% ▌Henry J. Oliver (Socialist) 0.2%[25]
North Dakota	Asle Gronna	Republican	1911 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Asle Gronna (Republican) 55.82% ▌William E. Purcell (Democratic) 33.95% ▌W. H. Brown (Socialist) 7.14% ▌Sever Serumgard (Independent) 3.1%[26]
Ohio	Theodore E. Burton	Republican	1909	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Republican hold.	▌Y Warren G. Harding (Republican) 49.16% ▌Timothy S. Hogan (Democratic) 39.6% ▌Arthur Lovett Garford (Progressive) 6.31% ▌E. K. Hitchens (Socialist) 4.93%[27]
Oklahoma	Thomas Gore	Democratic	1907 (New state) 1909	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Thomas Gore (Democratic) 47.98% ▌John B. Campbell (Republican) 29.44% ▌W. D. Cope (Socialist) 20.99% ▌Luther Kyle (Prohibition) 1.59%[28]
Oregon	George E. Chamberlain	Democratic	1909	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y George E. Chamberlain (Democratic) 45.5% ▌R. A. Booth (Republican) 35.95% ▌Bill Hanley (Progressive) 10.68% ▌Benjamin Ramp (Socialist) 4.34% ▌H. S. Stine (Prohibition) 3.52%[29]
Pennsylvania	Boies Penrose	Republican	1897 1903 1909	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Boies Penrose (Republican) 46.76% ▌Gifford Pinchot (Progressive) 24.22% ▌A. Mitchell Palmer (Democratic) 23.97% ▌Frederick Whiteside (Socialist) 3.41%[30] Others ▌Madison Larkin (Prohibition) 1.58% ▌A. S. Landis (Socialist Labor) 0.06%
South Carolina	Ellison D. Smith	Democratic	1909	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ellison D. Smith (Democratic) 99.7% ▌James H. Roberts (Socialist) 0.3%
South Dakota	Coe I. Crawford	Republican	1909	Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	▌Y Edwin S. Johnson (Democratic) 48.32% ▌Charles H. Burke (Republican) 44.47% ▌E. P. Johnson (Socialist) 2.69%[31] Others ▌O. W. Butterfield (Prohibition) 2.42% ▌H. L. Loucks (Independent) 2.11%
Utah	Reed Smoot	Republican	1903 1909	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Reed Smoot (Republican) 49.08% ▌James Moyle (Democratic) 46.33% ▌J. F. Parsons (Socialist) 4.59%[32]
Vermont	William P. Dillingham	Republican	1900 (special) 1902 1908	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y William P. Dillingham (Republican) 56.05% ▌Charles A. Prouty (Democratic) 42.69% ▌James H. Canfield (Socialist) 1.23%[33]
Washington	Wesley L. Jones	Republican	1909	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Wesley L. Jones (Republican) 37.79% ▌William W. Black (Democratic) 26.57% ▌Ole Hanson (Progressive) 24.12% ▌Adam Barth (Socialist) 8.76% ▌Arthur Caton (Prohibition) 2.77%[34]
Wisconsin	Isaac Stephenson	Republican	1907 (special) 1909	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	▌Y Paul O. Husting (Democratic) 43.82% ▌Francis E. McGovern (Republican) 43.5% ▌Emil Seidel (Socialist) 9.67% ▌Charles L. Hill (Prohibition) 3.01%[35]

Closest races

Nineteen races had a margin of victory under 10%:

State	Party of winner	Margin
Nevada	Democratic	0.19%
Wisconsin	Democratic (flip)	0.31%
Kansas	Republican	0.77%
Colorado	Democratic	1.31%
Illinois	Republican	1.70%
Utah	Republican	2.75%
California	Democratic (flip)	2.78%
South Dakota	Democratic (flip)	3.85%
New York	Republican	4.98%
Idaho	Republican	5.75%
New Hampshire	Republican	7.03%
Indiana	Democratic	7.04%
Maryland	Democratic	7.10%
Connecticut	Republican	7.69%
Missouri	Democratic	8.83%[e]
Iowa	Republican	9.03%
Kentucky (regular)	Democratic	9.36%
Oregon	Democratic	9.55%
Ohio	Republican	9.57%

Alabama

See also: List of United States senators from Alabama and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Alabama

Democrat Joseph F. Johnston died August 8, 1913. Democrat Henry D. Clayton was appointed August 12, 1913, but his appointment was challenged and withdrawn. Democrat Franklin P. Glass was appointed November 17, 1913, but the Senate refused to seat him.^[36]

Alabama (special)

1914 United States Senate special election in Alabama

← 1907 May 11, 1914 1914 →

Nominee Francis S. White Party Democratic Popular vote 102,326 Percentage 99.94%

U.S. senator before election Joseph F. Johnston Democratic Elected U.S. senator Francis S. White Democratic

Democrat Francis S. White was elected May 11, 1914, to finish the current term that would end in 1915.

Alabama special election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Francis S. White	102,326	99.94
		Others	58	0.06
Majority			102,268	99.89
Total votes			102,384	100.00
	Democratic hold

Alabama (regular)

1914 United States Senate election in Alabama

← 1914 (special) November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee Oscar Underwood Alex C. Birch Party Democratic Republican Popular vote 163,338 12,320 Percentage 90.20% 6.80%

County results Underwood:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90% Birch:      40–50%      60–70% Longshore:      50–60%

U.S. senator before election Francis S. White Democratic Elected U.S. senator Oscar Underwood Democratic

Main article: 1914 United States Senate election in Alabama

After White retired, House Majority Leader Oscar Underwood was elected to a new term.

Alabama election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Oscar Underwood	163,338	90.20
	Republican	Alex C. Birch	12,320	6.80
	Progressive	Adolphus P. Longshore	4,263	2.35
	Socialist	S. F. Hinton	1,159	0.64
Majority			151,018	83.40
Total votes			181,080	100.00
	Democratic hold

Arizona

1914 United States Senate election in Arizona

← 1912 November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee Marcus A. Smith Don Lorenzo Hubbell Party Democratic Republican Popular vote 25,800 9,183 Percentage 53.23% 18.95%   Nominee Eugene W. Chafin Bert Davis Party Prohibition Socialist Popular vote 7,293 3,582 Percentage 15.05% 7.39%   Nominee J. Bernard Nelson Party Progressive Popular vote 2,608 Percentage 5.38%

County results Smith:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%

U.S. senator before election Marcus A. Smith Democratic Elected U.S. senator Marcus A. Smith Democratic

Main article: 1914 United States Senate election in Arizona

See also: List of United States senators from Arizona and 1914 United States House of Representatives election in Arizona

Incumbent Democrat Marcus A. Smith was elected in 1912 with 50% of the vote and sought re-election. Although he easily defeated his primary challenger, he faced a large field of candidates in the general election. State Senator and trader Don Lorenzo Hubbell was the Republican nominee. Third-party candidates included Eugene W. Chafin of the Prohibition Party, who ran for president under the party's nomination, as well as Socialist Bert Davis and Progressive J. Bernard Nelson.

Smith received over half of the vote, defeating each candidate by a wide margin. He was elected to his second term.

Arizona election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Marcus A. Smith (incumbent)	25,800	53.23
	Republican	Don Lorenzo Hubbell	9,183	18.95
	Prohibition	Eugene W. Chafin	7,293	15.05
	Socialist	Bert Davis	3,582	7.39
	Progressive	J. Bernard Nelson	2,608	5.38
Majority			16,617	34.29
Total votes			48,466	100.00
	Democratic hold

Arkansas

1914 United States Senate election in Arkansas

← 1909 November 3, 1914 1916 (special) →

Nominee James P. Clarke Harry H. Myers Party Democratic Republican Popular vote 33,449 11,222 Percentage 74.88% 25.12%

Results by county Clarke:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90% Myers:      50–60%

U.S. senator before election James P. Clarke Democratic Elected U.S. senator James P. Clarke Democratic

See also: List of United States senators from Arkansas and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Arkansas

Arkansas general election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	James P. Clarke (incumbent)	33,449	74.88
	Republican	Harry H. Myers	11,222	25.12
Majority			22,227	49.76
Total votes			44,671	100.00
	Democratic hold

California

1914 United States Senate election in California

← 1909 November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee James Duval Phelan Francis J. Heney Party Democratic Progressive Popular vote 279,896 255,232 Percentage 31.59% 28.81%   Nominee Joseph R. Knowland Ernest Untermann Party Republican Socialist Popular vote 254,159 56,805 Percentage 28.69% 6.41%

County results Phelan:      <40%      40-50%      50-60% Heney:      <40% Knowland:      <40%      40-50%

U.S. senator before election George Clement Perkins Republican Elected U.S. senator James Duval Phelan Democratic

Main article: 1914 United States Senate election in California

See also: List of United States senators from California and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in California

Incumbent Republican George Clement Perkins was first elected in an 1895 special election and was re-elected for three more terms. He did not seek re-election.

U.S. Representative Joseph R. Knowland of Oakland was the Republican nominee for this seat in 1914. He was challenged by the Democratic nominee, former mayor of San Francisco James Duval Phelan, and Progressive nominee Francis J. Heney, the former attorney general of the Arizona Territory.

Phelan defeated Heney and Knowland by slim margins and with less than a third of the vote.

California election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	James Duval Phelan	279,896	31.59
	Progressive	Francis J. Heney	255,232	28.81
	Republican	Joseph R. Knowland	254,159	28.69
	Socialist	Ernest Untermann	56,805	6.41
	Prohibition	Frederick F. Wheeler	39,921	4.51
Majority			24,664	2.78
Total votes			886,013	100.00
	Democratic gain from Republican

Colorado

1914 United States Senate election in Colorado

← 1913 (special) November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee Charles S. Thomas Hubert Work Party Democratic Republican Popular vote 102,037 98,728 Percentage 40.30% 38.99%   Nominee Benjamin Griffith James C. Griffiths Party Progressive Socialist Popular vote 27,072 13,943 Percentage 10.69% 5.51%

County results Thomas:      30–40%      40–50%      50–60% Work:      30–40%      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%

U.S. senator before election Charles S. Thomas Democratic Elected U.S. senator Charles S. Thomas Democratic

See also: List of United States senators from Colorado and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Colorado

Colorado election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Charles S. Thomas (incumbent)	102,037	40.30
	Republican	Hubert Work	98,728	38.99
	Progressive	Benjamin Griffith	27,072	10.69
	Socialist	James C. Griffiths	13,943	5.51
	Independent	George J. Kindel	11,433	4.52
Majority			3,309	1.31
Total votes			253,213	100.00
	Democratic hold

Connecticut

1914 United States Senate election in Connecticut

← 1909 November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee Frank B. Brandegee Simeon E. Baldwin Party Republican Democratic Popular vote 89,983 76,081 Percentage 49.77% 42.08%

County results Municipality results Brandegee:      40-50%      50-60%      60-70%      70-80%      80-90% Baldwin:      40–50%      50–60%      60-70%

U.S. senator before election Frank B. Brandegee Republican Elected U.S. senator Frank B. Brandegee Republican

See also: List of United States senators from Connecticut and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Connecticut

Connecticut election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Frank B. Brandegee (incumbent)	89,983	49.77
	Democratic	Simeon E. Baldwin	76,081	42.08
	Progressive	Herbert Smith	6,853	3.79
	Socialist	George Spiess	5,890	3.26
	Prohibition	Frederick Platt	1,356	0.75
	Socialist Labor	Clarence Warner	650	0.36
Majority			13,902	7.69
Total votes			180,813	100.00
	Republican hold

Florida

1914 United States Senate election in Florida

← 1909 (special) November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee Duncan U. Fletcher J. N. C. Stockton Party Democratic Democratic Popular vote 32,042 21,733 Percentage 59.59% 40.42%

County results Fletcher:      50-60%      60-70%      70-80% Stockton:      50-60%      70-80%

U.S. senator before election Duncan U. Fletcher Democratic Elected U.S. senator Duncan U. Fletcher Democratic

See also: List of United States senators from Florida and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Florida

Incumbent Democrat Duncan Fletcher was elected in a special election after being appointed when William Hall Milton retired after a year in office. He sought re-election to a full term, facing competition only in the primary.

Democratic primary

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Duncan U. Fletcher (incumbent)	32,042	59.59
	Democratic	J. N. C. Stockton	21,733	40.42
Majority			10,309	19.17
Total votes			53,775	100.00

Georgia

See also: List of United States senators from Georgia and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Georgia

There were two elections due to the February 14, 1914, death of Democrat Augustus Octavius Bacon. It was the first time that both of Georgia's Senate seats have been up for election at the same time.

Georgia (special)

1914 United States Senate special election in Georgia

← 1913 November 3, 1914 1918 →

Nominee Thomas W. Hardwick Rufe G. Hutchens Party Democratic Progressive Popular vote 62,589 28,169 Percentage 68.96% 31.04%

County results Hardwick:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90% Hutchens:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90% No Vote:

U.S. senator before election William S. West Democratic Elected U.S. senator Thomas W. Hardwick Democratic

Democrat William West was appointed to continue the term pending a special election, in which he was not a candidate.

Democrat Thomas W. Hardwick was elected November 3, 1914, to finish the term that would end in 1919 and served until losing renomination in 1918.

Georgia election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Thomas W. Hardwick	62,589	68.96
	Progressive	Rufe G. Hutchens	28,169	31.04
Majority			34,420	37.93
Total votes			90,758	100.00
	Democratic hold

Georgia (regular)

1914 United States Senate election in Georgia

← 1911 (special) November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee M. Hoke Smith C. W. McClure Party Democratic Progressive Popular vote 61,789 28,441 Percentage 68.48% 31.52%

County results Smith:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90% McClure:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90% No Vote:

U.S. senator before election M. Hoke Smith Democratic Elected U.S. senator M. Hoke Smith Democratic

Democrat M. Hoke Smith, who had first won in a 1911 special election, was re-elected and would serve until his 1920 renomination loss.

Georgia election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	M. Hoke Smith (incumbent)	61,789	68.48
	Progressive	C. W. McClure	28,441	31.52
Majority			33,348	36.96
Total votes			90,230	100.00
	Democratic hold

Idaho

1914 United States Senate election in Idaho

← 1913 (special) November 3, 1914 1918 (special) →

Nominee James H. Brady James H. Hawley Party Republican Democratic Popular vote 47,486 41,266 Percentage 43.89% 38.14%   Nominee Paul Clagstone Calistus Cooper Party Progressive Socialist Popular vote 10,321 7,888 Percentage 9.54% 7.29%

County results Brady:      30–40%      40–50%      50–60%      60–70% Hawley:      40–50%      50–60%

U.S. senator before election James H. Brady Republican Elected U.S. senator James H. Brady Republican

See also: List of United States senators from Idaho and 1914 United States House of Representatives election in Idaho

Idaho election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	James H. Brady (incumbent)	47,486	43.89
	Democratic	James H. Hawley	41,266	38.14
	Progressive	Paul Clagstone	10,321	9.54
	Socialist	Calistus Cooper	7,888	7.29
	Prohibition	W. M. Duthie	1,237	1.14
Majority			6,220	5.75
Total votes			108,198	100.00
	Republican hold

Illinois

1914 United States Senate election in Illinois

← 1913 (special) November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee Lawrence Y. Sherman Roger C. Sullivan Raymond Robins Party Republican Democratic Progressive Popular vote 390,661 373,403 203,027 Percentage 38.46% 36.76% 19.99%

Results by county Sherman:      30–40%      40–50%      50–60%      60–70% Sullivan:      30–40%      40–50%      50–60% Robins:      30–40%      40–50% Tie:      40-50%

U.S. senator before election Lawrence Y. Sherman Republican Elected U.S. senator Lawrence Y. Sherman Republican

Main article: 1914 United States Senate election in Illinois

See also: List of United States senators from Illinois and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Illinois

1914 United States Senate election in Illinois^[37]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Lawrence Y. Sherman (incumbent)	390,661	38.46
	Democratic	Roger C. Sullivan	373,403	36.76
	Progressive	Raymond Robins	203,027	19.99
	Socialist	Adolph Germer	39,889	3.93
	Prohibition	George W. Woolsey	6,750	0.67
	Socialist Labor	John M. Frances	2,078	0.21
Majority			17,258	1.70
Total votes			1,015,808	100.00
	Republican hold

Indiana

1914 United States Senate election in Indiana

← 1909 November 3, 1914 1916 (special) →

Nominee Benjamin F. Shively Hugh Thomas Miller Albert J. Beveridge Party Democratic Republican Progressive Popular vote 272,249 226,766 108,581 Percentage 42.14% 35.10% 16.81%

County results Shively:      30–40%      40–50%      50–60%      60–70% Miller:      30–40%      40–50%      50–60% Beveridge:      30-40%

U.S. senator before election Benjamin F. Shively Democratic Elected U.S. senator Benjamin F. Shively Democratic

See also: List of United States senators from Indiana and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Indiana

Indiana election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Benjamin F. Shively (incumbent)	272,249	42.14
	Republican	Hugh Thomas Miller	226,766	35.10
	Progressive	Albert J. Beveridge	108,581	16.81
	Socialist	Stephen N. Reynolds	21,719	3.36
	Prohibition	Sumner W. Haynes	13,860	2.15
	Socialist Labor	James Matthews	2,884	0.45
Majority			45,483	7.04
Total votes			646,059	100.00
	Democratic hold

Iowa

1914 United States Senate election in Iowa

← 1909 November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee Albert B. Cummins Maurice Connolly Otis Spurgeon Party Republican Democratic Independent Popular vote 205,832 167,251 24,490 Percentage 48.19% 39.16% 5.73%

Results by county Cummins:      30–40%      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80% Connolly:      30–40%      40–50%      50–60%      70–80%

U.S. senator before election Albert B. Cummins Republican Elected U.S. senator Albert B. Cummins Republican

See also: List of United States senators from Iowa and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa

Iowa election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Albert B. Cummins (incumbent)	205,832	48.19
	Democratic	Maurice Connolly	167,251	39.16
	Independent	Otis Spurgeon	24,490	5.73
	Progressive	Casper Schenk	15,058	3.53
	Socialist	I. S. McCullis	8,462	1.98
	Prohibition	M. L. Christian	6,009	1.41
Majority			36,581	9.03
Total votes			427,102	100.00
	Republican hold

Kansas

1914 United States Senate election in Kansas

← 1908 November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee Charles Curtis George A. Neeley Victor Murdock Party Republican Democratic Progressive Popular vote 180,823 176,929 116,755 Percentage 35.53% 34.77% 22.94%

Results by county Curtis:      30–40%      40–50%      50–60% Neeley:      30–40%      40–50% Murdock:      40–50%      50–60%

U.S. senator before election Joseph Little Bristow Republican Elected U.S. senator Charles Curtis Republican

Main article: 1914 United States Senate election in Kansas

See also: List of United States senators from Kansas and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Kansas

Kansas election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Charles Curtis	180,823	35.53
	Democratic	George A. Neeley	176,929	34.77
	Progressive	Victor Murdock	116,755	22.94
	Socialist	Christian B. Hoffman	24,502	4.82
	Prohibition	Earle R. Delay	9,885	1.94
Majority			3,894	0.77
Total votes			508,894	100.00
	Republican hold

Kentucky

See also: List of United States senators from Kentucky and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Kentucky

There were 2 elections to the same seat due to the May 23, 1914, death of one-term Republican William O. Bradley.

Kentucky (special)

1914 United States Senate special election in Kentucky

← 1908 November 3, 1914 1914 →

Nominee Johnson N. Camden Jr. William Marshall Bullitt Party Democratic Republican Popular vote 177,797 133,139 Percentage 53.99% 40.43%

County results Camden:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90% Bullitt:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%

U.S. senator before election Johnson N. Camden Jr. Democratic Elected U.S. senator Johnson N. Camden Jr. Democratic

Democrat Johnson N. Camden was appointed June 16, 1914, to continue Bradley's term, pending a special election. He was challenged by U.S. Solicitor General William Marshall Bullitt.

Camden was elected in November to finish the term ending 1915.

Kentucky special election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Johnson N. Camden Jr. (incumbent)	177,797	53.99
	Republican	William Marshall Bullitt	133,139	40.43
	Progressive	George Nicholas	13,641	4.14
	Socialist	Frank E. Seeds	4,770	1.45
Majority			44,658	13.56
Total votes			329,347	100.00
	Democratic hold

Kentucky (regular)

1914 United States Senate election in Kentucky

← 1914 (special) November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee John C. W. Beckham Augustus E. Willson Party Democratic Republican Popular vote 176,605 144,758 Percentage 51.89% 42.53%

County results Beckham:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90% Willson:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%

U.S. senator before election Johnson N. Camden Jr. Democratic Elected U.S. senator John C. W. Beckham Democratic

Democratic appointee Johnson N. Camden was not a candidate for the next term, instead returning to agricultural activities on a farm.

In this race, two former governors of Kentucky fought for the seat. The Democratic nominee was John C. W. Beckham, who was sworn in after the assassination of William Goebel in 1900. The Republican nominee was Augustus E. Willson, who flipped the seat in 1907 after Beckham's term ended.

Beckham won the election, and would continue to serve until his re-election loss.

Kentucky election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	J. C. W. Beckham	176,605	51.89
	Republican	Augustus E. Willson	144,758	42.53
	Progressive	Burton Vance	14,108	4.15
	Socialist	H. J. Robertson	4,890	1.44
Majority			31,847	9.36
Total votes			340,361	100.00
	Democratic hold

Louisiana

1914 United States Senate election in Louisiana

← 1910 (special) November 3, 1914 1918 (special) →

Nominee Robert F. Broussard Party Democratic

U.S. senator before election John Thornton Democratic Elected U.S. senator Robert F. Broussard Democratic

See also: List of United States senators from Louisiana and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Louisiana

Senator Robert F. Broussard had already been elected on May 21, 1912, indirectly by the state legislature.

Maryland

1914 United States Senate election in Maryland

← 1908 November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee John Walter Smith Edward Carrington Party Democratic Republican Popular vote 110,204 94,864 Percentage 50.99% 43.89%

County results Carrington:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70% Smith:      40–50%      50–60%

U.S. senator before election John Walter Smith Democratic Elected U.S. senator John Walter Smith Democratic

Main article: 1914 United States Senate election in Maryland

See also: List of United States senators from Maryland

Maryland elections

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	John Walter Smith (incumbent)	110,204	50.99
	Republican	Edward Carrington	94,864	43.89
	Progressive	V. Milton Reichard	3,697	1.71
	Socialist	Charles E. Develin	3,255	1.51
	Prohibition	Richard Henry Holme	3,144	1.46
	Labor	Robert W. Stevens	969	0.45
Majority			15,340	7.10
Total votes			216,133	100.00
	Democratic hold

Missouri

1914 United States Senate election in Missouri

← 1909 November 3, 1914 1918 (special) →

Nominee William J. Stone Thomas Akins Party Democratic Republican Popular vote 311,616 257,054 Percentage 50.41% 41.58%

County results Stone:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90% Akins:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%

U.S. senator before election William J. Stone Democratic Elected U.S. senator William J. Stone Democratic

See also: List of United States senators from Missouri and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri

Missouri election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	William J. Stone (incumbent)	311,616	50.41
	Republican	Thomas Akins	257,054	41.58
	Progressive	Arthur N. Sager	27,609	4.47
	Socialist	Thomas E. Greene	17,061	2.76
	Prohibition	Orange J. Hill	3,636	0.59
	Socialist Labor	J. W. Molineaux	1,251	0.20
Majority			54,562	8.83
Total votes			618,227	100.00
	Democratic hold

Nevada

1914 United States Senate election in Nevada

← 1909 November 3, 1914 1918 (special) →

Nominee Francis G. Newlands Samuel Platt Ashley Miller Party Democratic Republican Socialist Popular vote 8,078 8,038 5,451 Percentage 37.46% 37.27% 25.28%

County results Newlands:      30–40%      40–50%      50–60% Platt:      30–40%      40–50%      50–60% Miller:      30–40%      40–50%

U.S. senator before election Francis G. Newlands Democratic Elected U.S. senator Francis G. Newlands Democratic

See also: List of United States senators from Nevada and 1914 United States House of Representatives election in Nevada

Nevada election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Francis G. Newlands (incumbent)	8,078	37.46
	Republican	Samuel Platt	8,038	37.27
	Socialist	Ashley G. Miller	5,451	25.28
Majority			40	0.19
Total votes			21,567	100.00
	Democratic hold

New Hampshire

1914 United States Senate election in New Hampshire

← 1909 November 3, 1914 1918 (special) →

Nominee Jacob H. Gallinger Raymond B. Stevens Party Republican Democratic Popular vote 42,113 36,382 Percentage 51.66% 44.63%

County results Gallinger:      40–50%      50–60%

U.S. senator before election Jacob H. Gallinger Republican Elected U.S. senator Jacob H. Gallinger Republican

See also: List of United States senators from New Hampshire and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in New Hampshire

New Hampshire election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Jacob Harold Gallinger (incumbent)	42,113	51.66
	Democratic	Raymond Bartlett Stevens	36,382	44.63
	Prohibition	Benjamin F. Grier	1,938	2.38
	Socialist	William H. Wilkins	1,089	1.34
Majority			5,731	7.03
Total votes			81,522	100.00
	Republican hold

New York

1914 United States Senate election in New York

← 1909 November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee James W. Wadsworth James W. Gerard Party Republican Democratic Popular vote 639,112 571,419 Percentage 47.04% 42.06

County Results Wadsworth:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70% Gerard:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%

U.S. senator before election Elihu Root Republican Elected U.S. senator James W. Wadsworth Republican

Main article: 1914 United States Senate election in New York

See also: List of United States senators from New York and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in New York

New York election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	James Wolcott Wadsworth Jr.	639,112	47.04
	Democratic	James Watson Gerard	571,419	42.06
	Progressive	Bainbridge Colby	61,977	4.56
	Socialist	Charles Edward Russell	55,266	4.07
	Prohibition	Francis E. Baldwin	27,813	2.05
	Socialist Labor	Erwin A. Aucher	3,064	0.23
Majority			67,693	4.98
Total votes			1,358,651	100.00
	Republican hold

North Carolina

1914 United States Senate election in North Carolina

← 1909 November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee Lee S. Overman A. A. Whitener Party Democratic Republican Popular vote 121,342 87,101 Percentage 58.10% 41.70%

County Results Overman:      50-60%      60-70%      70-80%      80-90%      >90% Whitener:      50-60%      60-70%      70-80%

U.S. senator before election Lee S. Overman Democratic Elected U.S. senator Lee S. Overman Democratic

See also: List of United States senators from North Carolina and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in North Carolina

North Carolina election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Lee S. Overman (incumbent)	121,342	58.10
	Republican	Adolphus A. Whitener	87,101	41.70
	Socialist	Henry J. Oliver	425	0.20
Majority			34,241	16.39
Total votes			208,868	100.00
	Democratic hold

North Dakota

1914 United States Senate election in North Dakota

← 1911 (special) November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee Asle Gronna William E. Purcell W. H. Brown Party Republican Democratic Socialist Popular vote 48,732 29,640 6,231 Percentage 55.82% 33.95 7.14

County results Gronna:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80% Purcell:      50–60% No Vote:

U.S. senator before election Asle Gronna Republican Elected U.S. senator Asle Gronna Republican

See also: List of United States senators from North Dakota and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in North Dakota

North Dakota election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Asle Gronna (incumbent)	48,732	55.82
	Democratic	William E. Purcell	29,640	33.95
	Socialist	W. H. Brown	6,231	7.14
	Independent	Sever Serumgard	2,707	3.10
Majority			19,092	21.87
Total votes			87,310	100.00
	Republican hold

Ohio

1914 United States Senate election in Ohio

← 1909 November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee Warren G. Harding Timothy S. Hogan Arthur L. Garford Party Republican Democratic Progressive Popular vote 526,115 423,742 67,509 Percentage 49.16% 39.60% 6.31%

County results Harding:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70% Hogan:      40–50%      50–60%

U.S. senator before election Theodore E. Burton Republican Elected U.S. senator Warren G. Harding Republican

Main article: 1914 United States Senate election in Ohio

See also: List of United States senators from Ohio and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio

Republican nominee Warren G. Harding, future President of the United States, defeated Democratic nominee Timothy S. Hogan to succeed retiring incumbent Republican Senator Theodore E. Burton.^[38]

Initially, Harding was not interested in running for U.S. Senate, due to the divisive remnants of the 1912 elections between the conservative and progressive factions of the Republican party. Harry Daugherty, an Ohio political boss, was interested in running for the seat himself upon learning of incumbent Senator Theodore Burton's plans to retire upon the expiration of his term, but party leaders advised him not to run. Instead, Daugherty unsuccessfully attempted to stage a draft movement to convince Harding to run for the seat. After the death of Amos Kling, the father of Harding's wife Florence, she encouraged her husband to run. The precise reasoning for this is unknown, but some in Marion, the Hardings' home town, believe that Harding had agreed not to seek higher office as part of a reuniting "truce" between Florence and her father, or that Kling had convinced Harding that it would behoove him to further his business rather than run for public office.^[39]

Although Daugherty claimed it was him who had convinced Harding to run for the Senate, Harding's friend and attorney Hoke Donithen, who eventually became Harding's campaign manager, may have played a role in his decision to run. Retiring Senator Theodore Burton also claimed credit, saying to his biographer that Daugherty did not agree to throw his support behind Harding until after learning he had backed him.^[39]

The Republican primary was a three-way contest between Harding, former U.S. Senator and ex-mentor Joseph B. Foraker^[40] and Ralph Cole. Rather than antagonizing his opponents, Harding notably tried to keep and make friends within the Republican party, to the frustration of those running against him. Ralph Cole, in his frustration, said, "If he is not going to fight someone, why did he enter the contest?"^[39] Harding eventually defeated both of his opponents in the primary, garnering 88,540 votes. Foraker finished in second with 76,817 votes, ahead of Cole with 52,237.^[39]

In the general election campaign, Harding faced Democratic nominee Timothy Hogan and Progressive candidate Arthur Garford. Hogan was subject to anti-Catholic sentiment among voters, which Harding himself did not exhibit during the course of the election. Harding's supporters accused Hogan of wanting to "deliver Ohio to the Pope."^[41] Harding downplayed the issue of World War I, despite the fact that the election took place just after the outbreak of the war, due to the high German immigrant population. Harding ultimately won the election and subsequently became the first United States Senator from Ohio to be popularly elected, following the passage of the 17th Amendment to the Constitution.^[40]

Harding's victory in his bid for the Senate seat raised speculation that he would seek higher office, specifically the Presidency, although Harding himself did not show any interest in doing so at the time. He told family and friends after being elected to the Senate that he would return to his previous career in newspaper publishing at The Marion Daily Star after serving in the Senate.^[39]

Ohio election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Warren G. Harding	526,115	49.16
	Democratic	Timothy S. Hogan	423,742	39.60
	Progressive	Arthur Lovett Garford	67,509	6.31
	Socialist	F. K. Hitchens	52,803	4.93
Majority			102,373	9.57
Total votes			1,070,169	100.00
	Republican hold

Oklahoma

1914 United States Senate election in Oklahoma

← 1909 November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee Thomas Gore John H. Burford Patrick S. Nagle Party Democratic Republican Socialist Popular vote 119,443 73,292 52,259 Percentage 47.98% 29.44% 20.99%

County results Gore:      30–40%      40–50%      50–60% Burford:      30–40%      40–50%

U.S. senator before election Thomas Gore Democratic Elected U.S. senator Thomas Gore Democratic

Main article: 1914 United States Senate election in Oklahoma

See also: List of United States senators from Oklahoma and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Oklahoma

Oklahoma election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Thomas Gore (incumbent)	119,443	47.98
	Republican	John H. Burford	73,292	29.44
	Socialist	Patrick S. Nagle	52,259	20.99
	Progressive	William O. Cromwell	3,966	1.59
Majority			46,151	18.54
Total votes			248,960	100.00
	Democratic hold

Oregon

1914 United States Senate election in Oregon

← 1909 November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee George E. Chamberlain R. A. Booth Bill Hanley Party Democratic Republican Progressive Popular vote 111,748 88,297 26,220 Percentage 45.50% 35.95% 10.68%

County results Chamberlain:      40–50%      50–60% Booth:      30–40%      40–50% Hanley:      40–50%

U.S. senator before election George E. Chamberlain Democratic Elected U.S. senator George E. Chamberlain Democratic

See also: List of United States senators from Oregon and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Oregon

Oregon election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	George E. Chamberlain (incumbent)	111,748	45.50
	Republican	R. A. Booth	88,297	35.95
	Progressive	Bill Hanley	28,220	10.68
	Socialist	Benjamin Franklin Ramp	10,666	4.34
	Prohibition	H. S. Stine	8,649	3.52
Majority			23,451	9.55
Total votes			245,580	100.00
	Democratic hold

Pennsylvania

1914 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania

← 1909 November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee Boies Penrose Gifford Pinchot Alexander M. Palmer Party Republican Progressive Democratic Popular vote 519,810 269,265 266,436 Percentage 46.75% 24.22% 23.96%

County results Penrose:      20–30%      30–40%      40–50%      50–60%      60–70% Pinchot:      30–40%      40–50% Palmer:      30–40%      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%

U.S. senator before election Boies Penrose Republican Elected U.S. senator Boies Penrose Republican

Main article: 1914 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania

See also: List of United States senators from Pennsylvania and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Boies Penrose (incumbent)	519,810	46.75
	Progressive	Gifford Pinchot	269,265	24.22
	Democratic	Alexander Mitchell Palmer	266,436	23.96
	Socialist	Fred W. Whiteside	37,950	3.41
	Prohibition	Madison F. Larkin	17,685	1.59
	Industrial	A. S. Landis	680	0.06
	Write-in		106	0.01
Majority			250,545	22.53
Total votes			1,111,932	100.00
	Republican hold

South Carolina

1914 United States Senate election in South Carolina

← 1909 November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee Ellison D. Smith Party Democratic Popular vote 32,950 Percentage 99.73%

U.S. senator before election Ellison D. Smith Democratic Elected U.S. senator Ellison D. Smith Democratic

Main article: 1914 United States Senate election in South Carolina

See also: List of United States senators from South Carolina and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina

South Carolina election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Ellison D. Smith (incumbent)	32,950	99.73
	Socialist	J. H. Roberts	89	0.27
Majority			32,861	99.46
Total votes			33,039	100.00
	Democratic hold

South Dakota

1914 United States Senate election in South Dakota

← 1909 November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee Edwin S. Johnson Charles H. Burke Party Democratic Republican Popular vote 48,076 44,244 Percentage 48.32% 44.47%

County results Johnson:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70% Burke:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%

U.S. senator before election Coe I. Crawford Republican Elected U.S. senator Edwin S. Johnson Democratic

Main article: 1914 United States Senate election in South Dakota

See also: List of United States senators from South Dakota and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in South Dakota

South Dakota election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Edwin S. Johnson	48,076	48.32
	Republican	Charles H. Burke	44,244	44.47
	Socialist	E. P. Johnson	2,674	2.69
	Prohibition	O. W. Butterfield	2,406	2.42
	Independent	H. L. Loucks	2,104	2.11
Majority			3,832	3.85
Total votes			99,504	100.00
	Democratic gain from Republican

Utah

1914 United States Senate election in Utah

← 1909 November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee Reed Smoot James Moyle Party Republican Democratic Popular vote 56,281 53,128 Percentage 49.08% 46.33%

County results Smoot:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80% Moyle:      40–50%      50–60%

U.S. senator before election Reed Smoot Republican Elected U.S. senator Reed Smoot Republican

See also: List of United States senators from Utah and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Utah

Utah election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Reed Smoot (incumbent)	56,281	49.08
	Democratic	James Moyle	53,128	46.33
	Socialist	J. F. Parsons	5,257	4.59
Majority			3,163	2.75
Total votes			114,666	100.00
	Republican hold

Vermont

1914 United States Senate election in Vermont

← 1908 November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee William P. Dillingham Charles A. Prouty Party Republican Progressive Alliance Parties Democratic Prohibition Ind. Republican Independent Popular vote 35,137 26,766 Percentage 56.05% 42.6%

County results Dillingham:      50–60%      60–70% Prouty:      50–60%

U.S. senator before election William P. Dillingham Republican Elected U.S. senator William P. Dillingham Republican

Main article: 1914 United States Senate election in Vermont

See also: List of United States senators from Vermont and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Vermont

Vermont election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	William P. Dillingham (inc.)	35,137	56.0%
	Democratic	Charles A. Prouty	16,306	26.0%
	Progressive	Charles A. Prouty	7,339	11.7%
	Nonpartisan	Charles A. Prouty	1,592	2.5%
	Prohibition	Charles A. Prouty	1,526	26.0%
	Republican	Charles A. Prouty	3	0.0%
	Total	Charles A. Prouty	26,766	42.6%
	Socialist	James Canfield	772	1.2%
	N/A	Other	20	0.0%
Total votes			'62,695'	'100.00%'

Washington

1914 United States Senate election in Washington

← 1909 November 3, 1914 1920 →

Nominee Wesley L. Jones William W. Black Party Republican Democratic Popular vote 130,479 91,733 Percentage 37.79% 26.57%   Nominee Ole Hanson Adam H. Barth Party Progressive Socialist Popular vote 83,282 30,234 Percentage 24.12% 8.76%

Results by county Jones:      20–30%      30–40%      40–50%      50–60%      60–70% Black:      30–40%      40–50% Hanson:      20-30%      30–40%

U.S. senator before election Wesley L. Jones Republican Elected U.S. senator Wesley L. Jones Republican

Main article: 1914 United States Senate election in Washington

See also: List of United States senators from Washington and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Washington

Washington election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Wesley Livsey Jones (incumbent)	130,479	37.79
	Democratic	William Wilson Black	91,733	26.57
	Progressive	Ole Hanson	83,282	24.12
	Socialist	Adam H. Barth	30,234	8.76
	Prohibition	Arthur S. Caton	9,551	2.77
Majority			38,746	11.22
Total votes			345,279	100.00
	Republican hold

Wisconsin

1914 United States Senate election in Wisconsin

← 1909 November 3, 1914 1918 (special) →

Nominee Paul O. Husting Francis E. McGovern Emil Seidel Party Democratic Republican Socialist Popular vote 134,925 133,969 29,774 Percentage 43.81% 43.50% 9.67%

County results Husting:      30-40%      40-50%      50-60%      60-70%      70-80% McGovern:      40-50%      50-60%      60-70%      70-80%

U.S. senator before election Isaac Stephenson Republican Elected U.S. senator Paul O. Husting Democratic

Main article: 1914 United States Senate election in Wisconsin

See also: List of United States senators from Wisconsin and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Wisconsin

Wisconsin election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Paul O. Husting	134,925	43.81
	Republican	Francis E. McGovern	133,969	43.50
	Socialist	Emil Seidel	29,774	9.67
	Prohibition	Charles L. Hill	9,276	3.01
	Write-in		58	0.02
Majority			956	0.31
Total votes			308,002	100.00
	Democratic gain from Republican

See also

• 1914 United States elections
  • 1914 United States House of Representatives elections
• 63rd United States Congress
• 64th United States Congress

Notes

1. as Democratic Conference Chairman
2. as Republican Conference Chairman
3. Appointee elected
4. Miles Poindexter of Washington changed from Progressive to Republican.
5. Missouri was the "tipping-point state".

References

1. Warnock Win Seals Perfect 2022 for Senators Seeking Re-election, Bloomberg Law, December 7, 2022
2. "GA US Senate - Special Election Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
3. "Container Detail Page". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
4. "AL Senate Race - Nov 08, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
5. "AZ US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
6. "AR US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
7. "CA US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
8. "CO US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
9. "CT US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
10. "FL US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
11. "GA US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
12. "ID US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
13. "IL US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
14. "IN US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
15. "IA US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
16. "BRISTOW, Joseph Little - Biographical Information". Bioguide.congress.gov. March 3, 1915. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
17. "KS US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
18. "KY US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
19. United States Senators Chosen, 1912, p. 457.
20. "LA US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
21. "MD US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
22. "MO US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
23. "NV US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
24. "NH US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
25. "NC US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
26. "ND US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
27. "OH US Senate Race - Nov 08, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
28. "OK US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
29. "OR US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
30. "SD US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
31. "CRAWFORD, Coe Isaac - Biographical Information". Bioguide.congress.gov. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
32. "UT US Senate 2 Race - Nov 02, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
33. "VT US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
34. "WA US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
35. "WI US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
36. Byrd, p. 340.
37. "OFFICIAL VOTE OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS CAST AT THE GENERAL ELECTION HELD ON NOVEMBER 3, 1914" (PDF). Illinois State Board of Elections. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 8, 2021. Retrieved December 19, 2020.
38. Dubin, Michael J. (1998). 1788 United States congressional elections-1997 : the official results of the elections of the 1st through 105th congresses. Jefferson, NC [u.a.]: McFarland. p. 407. ISBN 0786402830.
39. Dean, John W. (2004). Warren G. Harding (1. ed.). New York: Times Books. pp. 34–37. ISBN 0805069569. 1914 harding hogan.
40. Russell, Francis (1962). The Shadow of Blooming Grove: Warren G. Harding In His Times. Easton Press. ISBN 0-07-054338-0.
41. "Life Before the Presidency". American President: Warren Gamaliel Harding. American President: A Reference Resource. Retrieved June 12, 2012.

Bibliography

• "Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present". United States Senate – via Senate.gov.
• "United States Senators Chosen, 1912". The Tribune Almanac and Political Register 1913. New York: The Tribune Association. 1913. p. 457 – via Hathi Trust Digital Library.
• Byrd, Robert C. (October 1, 1993). Wolff, Wendy (ed.). The Senate, 1789-1989: Historical Statistics, 1789–1992. United States Senate Historical Office (volume 4 Bicentennial ed.). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. ISBN 9780160632563 – via Google Books.
• Cox, Harold (January 31, 2007). "Pennsylvania Election Statistics: 1682–2006". The Wilkes University Election Statistics Project. Wilkes University.