Chandrabindu

This article is about the diacritic. For the Bengali band, see Chandrabindoo (band).

Chandrabindu (IAST: candrabindu, lit. 'moon dot' in Sanskrit) is a diacritic sign with the form of a dot inside the lower half of a circle. It is used in the Devanagari (ँ), Bengali-Assamese (ঁ), Gujarati (ઁ), Odia (ଁ), Tamil (◌𑌁 Extension used from Grantha), Telugu (ఁ), Kannada (◌ಁ), Malayalam (◌ഁ), Sinhala (◌ඁ), Javanese ( ꦀ) and other scripts.

ँ
Chandrabindu

It usually means that the previous vowel is nasalized.

In Hindi, it is replaced in writing by anusvara when it is written above a consonant that carries a vowel symbol that extends above the top line.

In Classical Sanskrit, it seems to occur only over a lla conjunct consonant, to show that it is pronounced as a nasalized double l, which occurs if -nl- have become assimilated in sandhi.

In Vedic Sanskrit, it is used instead of anusvara to represent the sound anunasika when the next word starts with a vowel. It usually occurs where in earlier times a word ended in -ans.

Unicode

Unicode encodes chandrabindu and chandrabindu-like characters for a variety of scripts:^[1]

Character information

Preview	ँ		ꣲ		ꣳ		ऀ
Unicode name	DEVANAGARI SIGN CANDRABINDU		DEVANAGARI SIGN SPACING CANDRABINDU		DEVANAGARI SIGN CANDRABINDU VIRAMA		DEVANAGARI SIGN INVERTED CANDRABINDU
Encodings	decimal	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex
Unicode	2305	U+0901	43250	U+A8F2	43251	U+A8F3	2304	U+0900
UTF-8	224 164 129	E0 A4 81	234 163 178	EA A3 B2	234 163 179	EA A3 B3	224 164 128	E0 A4 80
Numeric character reference	ँ	ँ	ꣲ	ꣲ	ꣳ	ꣳ	ऀ	ऀ
ISCII	161	A1

Character information

Preview	ਁ		ੰ		ಀ		ಁ		ఁ		ఀ
Unicode name	GURMUKHI SIGN ADAK BINDI		GURMUKHI TIPPI		KANNADA SIGN SPACING CANDRABINDU		KANNADA SIGN CANDRABINDU		TELUGU SIGN CANDRABINDU		TELUGU SIGN COMBINING CANDRABINDU ABOVE
Encodings	decimal	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex
Unicode	2561	U+0A01	2672	U+0A70	3200	U+0C80	3201	U+0C81	3073	U+0C01	3072	U+0C00
UTF-8	224 168 129	E0 A8 81	224 169 176	E0 A9 B0	224 178 128	E0 B2 80	224 178 129	E0 B2 81	224 176 129	E0 B0 81	224 176 128	E0 B0 80
Numeric character reference	ਁ	ਁ	ੰ	ੰ	ಀ	ಀ	ಁ	ಁ	ఁ	ఁ	ఀ	ఀ
ISCII	161	A1					161	A1	161	A1

Character information

Preview	ঁ		ଁ		ഁ		ઁ
Unicode name	BENGALI SIGN CANDRABINDU		ORIYA SIGN CANDRABINDU		MALAYALAM SIGN CANDRABINDU		GUJARATI SIGN CANDRABINDU
Encodings	decimal	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex
Unicode	2433	U+0981	2817	U+0B01	3329	U+0D01	2689	U+0A81
UTF-8	224 166 129	E0 A6 81	224 172 129	E0 AC 81	224 180 129	E0 B4 81	224 170 129	E0 AA 81
Numeric character reference	ঁ	ঁ	ଁ	ଁ	ഁ	ഁ	ઁ	ઁ
ISCII	161	A1	161	A1	161	A1	161	A1

Character information

Preview	Ashoka𑀀 Kushana𑀀 Gupta𑀀		𑖼		𑌁		𑼀
Unicode name	BRAHMI SIGN CANDRABINDU		SIDDHAM SIGN CANDRABINDU		GRANTHA SIGN CANDRABINDU		KAWI SIGN CANDRABINDU
Encodings	decimal	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex
Unicode	69632	U+11000	71100	U+115BC	70401	U+11301	73472	U+11F00
UTF-8	240 145 128 128	F0 91 80 80	240 145 150 188	F0 91 96 BC	240 145 140 129	F0 91 8C 81	240 145 188 128	F0 91 BC 80
UTF-16	55300 56320	D804 DC00	55301 56764	D805 DDBC	55300 57089	D804 DF01	55303 57088	D807 DF00
Numeric character reference	𑀀	𑀀	𑖼	𑖼	𑌁	𑌁	𑼀	𑼀

Character information

Preview	ྂ		ྃ		ꡳ		𑑃		𑰼		𑇏
Unicode name	TIBETAN SIGN NYI ZLA NAA DA		TIBETAN SIGN SNA LDAN		PHAGS-PA LETTER CANDRABINDU		NEWA SIGN CANDRABINDU		BHAIKSUKI SIGN CANDRABINDU		SHARADA SIGN INVERTED CANDRABINDU
Encodings	decimal	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex
Unicode	3970	U+0F82	3971	U+0F83	43123	U+A873	70723	U+11443	72764	U+11C3C	70095	U+111CF
UTF-8	224 190 130	E0 BE 82	224 190 131	E0 BE 83	234 161 179	EA A1 B3	240 145 145 131	F0 91 91 83	240 145 176 188	F0 91 B0 BC	240 145 135 143	F0 91 87 8F
UTF-16	3970	0F82	3971	0F83	43123	A873	55301 56387	D805 DC43	55303 56380	D807 DC3C	55300 56783	D804 DDCF
Numeric character reference	ྂ	ྂ	ྃ	ྃ	ꡳ	ꡳ	𑑃	𑑃	𑰼	𑰼	𑇏	𑇏

Character information

Preview
Encodings	decimal	hex
Unicode
UTF-8
Numeric character reference

Character information

Preview
Encodings	decimal	hex
Unicode
UTF-8
Numeric character reference

Character information

Preview	ඁ		𑤼		ꣅ
Unicode name	SINHALA SIGN CANDRABINDU		DIVES AKURU SIGN CANDRABINDU		SAURASHTRA SIGN CANDRABINDU
Encodings	decimal	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex
Unicode	3457	U+0D81	71996	U+1193C	43205	U+A8C5
UTF-8	224 182 129	E0 B6 81	240 145 164 188	F0 91 A4 BC	234 163 133	EA A3 85
UTF-16	3457	0D81	55302 56636	D806 DD3C	43205	A8C5
Numeric character reference	ඁ	ඁ	𑤼	𑤼	ꣅ	ꣅ

Character information

Preview	𑂀
Unicode name	KAITHI SIGN CANDRABINDU
Encodings	decimal	hex
Unicode	69760	U+11080
UTF-8	240 145 130 128	F0 91 82 80
UTF-16	55300 56448	D804 DC80
Numeric character reference	𑂀	𑂀

Character information

Preview	𑒿		𑲶
Unicode name	TIRHUTA SIGN CANDRABINDU		MARCHEN SIGN CANDRABINDU
Encodings	decimal	hex	dec	hex
Unicode	70847	U+114BF	72886	U+11CB6
UTF-8	240 145 146 191	F0 91 92 BF	240 145 178 182	F0 91 B2 B6
UTF-16	55301 56511	D805 DCBF	55303 56502	D807 DCB6
Numeric character reference	𑒿	𑒿	𑲶	𑲶

Character information

Preview	ꦀ
Unicode name	JAVANESE SIGN PANYANGGA
Encodings	decimal	hex
Unicode	43392	U+A980
UTF-8	234 166 128	EA A6 80
Numeric character reference	ꦀ	ꦀ

Character information

Preview	ᬁ		ᬀ		ᰴ		ᰵ		𑨵		𑨶		𑨷		̐
Unicode name	BALINESE SIGN ULU CANDRA		BALINESE SIGN ULU RICEM		LEPCHA CONSONANT SIGN NYIN-DO		LEPCHA CONSONANT SIGN KANG		ZANABAZAR SQUARE SIGN CANDRABINDU		ZANABAZAR SQUARE SIGN CANDRABINDU WITH ORNAMENT		ZANABAZAR SQUARE SIGN CANDRA WITH ORNAMENT		COMBINING CANDRABINDU
Encodings	decimal	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex	dec	hex
Unicode	6913	U+1B01	6912	U+1B00	7220	U+1C34	7221	U+1C35	72245	U+11A35	72246	U+11A36	72247	U+11A37	784	U+0310
UTF-8	225 172 129	E1 AC 81	225 172 128	E1 AC 80	225 176 180	E1 B0 B4	225 176 181	E1 B0 B5	240 145 168 181	F0 91 A8 B5	240 145 168 182	F0 91 A8 B6	240 145 168 183	F0 91 A8 B7	204 144	CC 90
UTF-16	6913	1B01	6912	1B00	7220	1C34	7221	1C35	55302 56885	D806 DE35	55302 56886	D806 DE36	55302 56887	D806 DE37	784	0310
Numeric character reference	ᬁ	ᬁ	ᬀ	ᬀ	ᰴ	ᰴ	ᰵ	ᰵ	𑨵	𑨵	𑨶	𑨶	𑨷	𑨷	̐	̐

The COMBINING CANDRABINDU (U+0310), is a general-purpose combining diacritical mark intended for use with Latin letters in transliteration of Indic languages.

See also

• Anusvara
• Fermata

References

1. "Unicode Data 13.0.0". Retrieved 2020-03-15.