was from the Turkic languages that the term was borrowed into Russian (дунгане, dungane (pl.); дунганин, dunganin (sing.)) and Chinese (simplified Chinese:
(simplified Chinese: 东干族; traditional Chinese: 東干族; pinyin: Dōnggānzú; Russian: Дунгане) is a term used in Central Asia and in Xinjiang to refer to Chinese-speaking
Завьялова, О. И. (2017). Язык и культура китайских мусульман-хуэйцзу (PDF). Дунгане. История и культура. М.: Наука — Восточная литература. pp. 7–37. ISBN 978-5-02-039795-8
Жамбылской области" (in Kazakh). President of Kazakhstan. 8 February 2020. "Дунгане и Китай: незаконченная история". russian.people.com.cn (in Russian). 24