Úštěk

Úštěk (Czech pronunciation: [ˈuːʃcɛk]; German: Auscha) is a town in Litoměřice District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,900 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument reservation.

Úštěk
Town
Mírové Square
Flag Coat of arms
Úštěk Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 50°35′36″N 14°20′55″E
Country	Czech Republic
Region	Ústí nad Labem
District	Litoměřice
First mentioned	1218
Government
• Mayor	Ondřej Elísek
Area
• Total	74.94 km2 (28.93 sq mi)
Elevation	242 m (794 ft)
Population  (2024-01-01)[1]
• Total	2,858
• Density	38/km2 (99/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal codes	411 08, 411 45
Website	www.mesto-ustek.cz

Administrative division

Úštěk consists of 24 municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):^[2]

• Úštěk-České Předměstí (330)
• Úštěk-Českolipské Předměstí (777)
• Úštěk-Vnitřní Město (415)
• Bílý Kostelec (18)
• Brusov (15)
• Dolní Vysoké (22)
• Držovice (28)
• Dubičná (56)
• Habřina (78)
• Julčín (53)
• Kalovice (40)
• Konojedy (142)
• Lhota (11)
• Ličenice (33)
• Lukov (141)
• Ostré (64)
• Rašovice (37)
• Robeč (69)
• Rochov (60)
• Starý Týn (122)
• Tetčiněves (126)
• Třebín (27)
• Vědlice (88)
• Zelený (0)

Etymology

The origin of the name is uncertain. According to the most probable theory, the initial name of the settlement was Úseč, derived from the personal name Úsek. Through the genitives Úšče and then Úště, it was distorted to Úštěk.^[3]

Geography

Úštěk is located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northeast of Litoměřice and 22 km (14 mi) southeast of Ústí nad Labem. The municipal territory lies mostly in the Ralsko Uplands, but it also extends into the Central Bohemian Uplands in the north, where is located the highest point of Úštěk, the hill Pohorský vrch at 601 m (1,972 ft) above sea level. The town is situated on the strem Úštěcký potok and on the shore of the Chmelař Pond.

History

Synagogue and Rabbi's house

According to archaeological excavations, the area of Úštěk was inhabited from the 10th century. The importance of Úštěk has increased in the 14th century. Around 1361, the settlement was promoted to a town. In 1475, the town was acquired by marriage by the noble family of Sezima of Ústí. Under their rule, Úštěk prospered and grew rapidly, which lasted until the Battle of White Mountain in 1620. In 1622, the Úštěk property was confiscated and fell to Prague and Litoměřice Jesuits.^[4]

Demographics

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% 1869 7,544 —     1880 7,777 +3.1% 1890 7,738 −0.5% 1900 7,595 −1.8% 1910 7,284 −4.1%	Year Pop. ±% 1921 6,882 −5.5% 1930 7,194 +4.5% 1950 3,817 −46.9% 1961 3,754 −1.7% 1970 3,187 −15.1%	Year Pop. ±% 1980 2,981 −6.5% 1991 2,703 −9.3% 2001 2,662 −1.5% 2011 2,688 +1.0% 2021 2,752 +2.4%
Source: Censuses[5][6]

Transport

The I/15 road (the section from Česká Lípa to Litoměřice) passes through the town.

Úštěk is located on the railway line Česká Lípa–Postoloprty.^[7]

Sights

Town fortifications with the Pikart Tower

The town is renowned for its medieval centre, formed by Mírové Square and its surroundings. On the square, houses with Gothic gables have been preserved. The Church of Saints Peter and Paul on the square was built in the late Baroque style in 1764–1772.^[8]

The historic centre is delimited by remains of town walls. The Pikart Tower is the largest and strongest tower of the town fortification. It is a sandstone tower built in 1428.^[8]

The restored Úštěk Synagogue also is a significant monument.^[8]

Gallery

• 
  Mírové Square, western part with old houses
• 
  Western gate
• 
  Church of Saints Peter and Paul
• 
  Parsonage on Mírové Square