Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy

Yeduguri Sandinti Rajasekhara Reddy (8 July 1949 – 2 September 2009), popularly known as YSR, was an Indian politician. He served as the 14th chief minister of Andhra Pradesh from 2004 to 2009. Reddy was elected (1989, 1991, 1996 and 1998) four terms to the Lok Sabha from Kadapa and was also elected (1978, 1983, 1985, 1999, 2004 and 2009) six terms to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Pulivendula. Over the course of his career, he won every election that he contested, either to Assembly or Lok Sabha.

Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy
YSR Postal Stamp 2010[1]
14th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh
In office 14 May 2004[2][3] – 2 September 2009[4]
Governor	Surjit Singh Barnala Sushilkumar Shinde Rameshwar Thakur N. D. Tiwari
Cabinet	Reddy I Reddy II
Preceded by	N. Chandrababu Naidu
Succeeded by	Konijeti Rosaiah
Additional ministries In office 14 May 2004 – 2 September 2009 Ministry and Departments General Administration Law & Order Other departments not allocated to any Minister Succeeded by Konijeti Rosaiah
12th Leader of the Opposition Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly
In office 11 October 1999[5] – 13 May 2004
Governor	C. Rangarajan Surjit Singh Barnala
Chief Minister	N. Chandrababu Naidu
Preceded by	P. Janardhan Reddy
Succeeded by	N. Chandrababu Naidu
Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha
In office 2 December 1989 – 26 April 1999
Preceded by	D. N. Reddy
Succeeded by	Y. S. Vivekananda Reddy
Constituency	Kadapa
12th President of Andhra Pradesh Congress Committee
In office 1998–1999
AICC President	Sonia Gandhi
Preceded by	Konijeti Rosaiah
Succeeded by	Satyanarayana Rao
In office 1983–1985
AICC President	Indira Gandhi Rajiv Gandhi
Preceded by	Gaddam Venkatswamy
Succeeded by	Jalagam Vengala Rao
Minister of Excise, Rural Development and Education[6] Government of Andhra Pradesh
In office 1980–1983
Governor	K. C. Abraham
Chief Minister	T. Anjaiah Bhavanam Venkatarami Reddy Kotla Vijaya Bhaskara Reddy
Succeeded by	Pusapati Ananda Gajapathi Raju Karanam Ramachandra Rao Tatiparthi Jeevan Reddy
Member of Legislative Assembly Andhra Pradesh
In office 11 October 1999 – 2 September 2009
Preceded by	Y. S. Vivekananda Reddy
Succeeded by	Y. S. Vijayamma
Constituency	Pulivendla
In office 5 March 1978 – 28 November 1989
Preceded by	Penchikala Basi Reddy
Succeeded by	Y. S. Vivekananda Reddy
Constituency	Pulivendla
Personal details
Born	Yeduguri Sandinti Rajasekhara Reddy (1949-07-08)8 July 1949 Pulivendula, Madras State (present-day Andhra Pradesh), India
Died	2 September 2009(2009-09-02) (aged 60) Nallamala Hills, Andhra Pradesh, India
Cause of death	Helicopter crash
Resting place	YSR Ghat, Idupulapaya
Political party	Indian National Congress
Spouse	Y.S. Vijayalakshmi ​ (m. 1971)​
Children	Y. S. Jaganmohan Reddy (son) Y. S. Sharmila (daughter)
Parent	Y. S. Raja Reddy (father)
Relatives	Y. S. Vivekananda Reddy (brother) Y. S. Avinash Reddy (nephew)
Education	MBBS
Alma mater	Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College
Profession	Physician Politician

On 2 September 2009, a helicopter carrying Reddy went missing in the Nallamala Forest area which was later confirmed to have crashed with all five people including Reddy pronounced dead.^[7]

Padayatra

In 2003, he undertook a three-month-long padayatra covering 1,500 kilometres (930 mi) in 60 days across 11 districts of Andhra Pradesh as a part of his election campaign. He led the Congress party to victory in the 2004 and 2009 assembly elections.^[8]

Early and personal life

Yeduguri Sandinti Rajasekhara Reddy was born on 8 July 1949 in Pulivendula, Kadapa district, Madras State (present day Andhra Pradesh) into a Christian Reddy family of Y. S. Raja Reddy, as eldest of five sons.^[9][10] Rajasekhara Reddy completed his medical studies in Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College, Gulbarga, Karnataka and served as medical officer at CSI-Campbell Mission Hospital, Jammalamadugu after completing his studies. In 1973, he established a 70-bed hospital.^[11] His father Raja Reddy, was assassinated in a bomb attack on 23 May 1998.^[12]

Reddy was married to Vijaya Lakshmi.^[13] They had a son Y. S. Jaganmohan Reddy and a daughter Y. S. Sharmila.^[14] His son Jagan and younger brother Y. S. Vivekananda are also politicians. Reddy was a practicing Christian and visited Bethlehem, Palestine, twice.^[15][14]

Career

Rajasekhara Reddy joined Indian National Congress in 1978 and won the 1978 legislative assembly elections from Pulivendula. He became minister for Rural Development from 1980 and later shifted to the Excise Ministry in 1982 and Education in 1982–83. He won the 1983 and 1985 elections from the same constituency. He was appointed the state president of the Congress party by Indira Gandhi. He won from Kadapa Parliamentary constituency for four terms in 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th Lok Sabha. He returned to state politics and won the 1999 assembly elections from the same Pulivendula constituency and served as leader of opposition in Andhra Pradesh State Assembly from 1999 to 2004.^[11][16] In 2003, he undertook a three-month-long padayatra covering 1,500 kilometres (930 mi) in 60 days across 11 districts of Andhra Pradesh as a part of his election campaign.^[17]

Chief Ministership (2004–09)

Reddy led the congress party to victory in the 2004 assembly election and served as the 14th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh from 2004 to 2009. During his tenure as Chief Minister, he enacted schemes to provide free electricity for farmers, a health insurance program for rural people living below the poverty line,^[18] a free public ambulance service,^[19] low interest loans to rural women, subsidised housing for the rural poor,^[20] subsidized rice,^[21] reimbursement of college fees for underprivileged and reservation for minorities.^[22] His tenure also saw the weakening of the violent extremist left-wing Naxalite movement that was rampant in the state.^[11] He commenced the Jala Yagnam project to irrigate 4,000,000 hectares (10,000,000 acres) of land through the construction of major, medium and minor irrigation projects.^[23]

He led the congress party to victory in the 2009 assembly election, winning 156 seats in the assembly.^[24] He became the first incumbent chief minister from Congress since 1969 to win and was sworn in as the 15th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh on 20 May 2009.^[25][26][27]

Disappearance and death

Main article: 2009 Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister helicopter crash

Prime Minister Manmohan Singh paying homage at the mortal remains of Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy

On 2 September 2009, Reddy's was traveling in a Bell 430 helicopter and the Begumpet and Shamshabad air traffic controllers lost contact with the aircraft at 10:02 am while it was passing through the dense Nallamala forest area.^[28] The Chief Secretary of Andhra Pradesh said that inclement weather had forced the helicopter off course.^[29][30] Although the sparsely populated forest area is considered to be a stronghold of the outlawed Naxal insurgents, the National Security Advisor of India ruled out the possibility of the Naxals bringing down the helicopter.^[31] On 3 September, the Prime Minister's Office confirmed the crash of the helicopter and the death of all aboard along with Reddy.^[32][33] The director general of police said that the bodies were charred beyond recognition and had to be identified on the basis of clothing and the autopsy was carried out at Kurnool Medical College.^[34][35] An investigation eventually concluded that the factors that caused that crash was from mechanical issues and worse weather conditions.^[36]

Reddy's body was buried on 4 September at Idupulapai in Kadapa district with full state honors in accordance with Christian rites.^[37][38] As per media reports, 122 people died of shock or committed suicide upon hearing the news of Reddy's death, many of whom were young supporters or those who benefited from his social welfare schemes.^[39] Finance minister Konijeti Rosaiah was sworn in as Chief Minister following Reddy's death.^[40]

Criticism

Reddy was accused of amassing large amounts of money during his tenure as the Chief Minister.^[41] He is said to have used populist schemes like irrigation projects and housing schemes to his advantage and earned huge profits through them.^[41][42] In a leaked United States diplomatic cable, the American Consul General quotes that there was "widespread corruption that was beyond the pale even for India".^[42][43] The surrender of more than 650 hectares (1,600 acres) of personal land by Reddy to the government to be compliant with the law in December 2006 was criticised by opposition parties. The opposition parties demanded his resignation for owning the land in violation of the law.^[44]

N. Chandrababu Naidu also called for Reddy's resignation after a 2007 Khammam police shooting resulted in eight deaths.^[45] A federal probe of the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) was also launched to investigate disproportionate assets acquired by his son, Y. S. Jaganmohan Reddy, in return for favours his father made to the industrialists. In May 2012, the CBI arrested Mopidevi Venkataramana, the then Infrastructure Minister in Reddy's cabinet, who was responsible for unduly assigning the land to a private organisations.^[46]

In popular culture

On 8 July 2010, the Government of Andhra Pradesh renamed the Kadapa district as YSR district in honour of Reddy, who was a native of that district.^[47][48] On 14 September 2009, the Andhra Cricket Association renamed ACA-VDCA cricket stadium at Visakhapatnam as Dr. Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy ACA-VDCA Cricket Stadium. Two sequential films were made about him, Yatra (2019) and Yatra 2 (2024). In 2020, the Andhra Pradesh Government declared YSR Jayanti to be celebrated as Farmer's Day on 8 July every year.

Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy family

Y. S. Gangamma Y. S. Venkat Reddy Y. S. Mangamma Y. S. Chinna Kondareddy Y. S. Pedda Kondareddy Y. S. Sugunamma Y. S. Prabhudas Reddy Y. S. Ratnamma Y. S. Raja Reddy Y. S. Jayamma Y. S. Purushottam Reddy Y. S. Mary Puneetamma Y. S. Kamalamma Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy Y. S. Vijayamma Y. S. Sudheekar Reddy Y. S. Vidhya Jaya Y. S. Ravindranath Reddy Y. S. Vivekananda Reddy Y. S. Soubhagyamma Y. S. Sharmila M. Anil Kumar Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy Y. S. Bharathi Y. S. Viranica Reddy Manchu Vishnu Y. S. Suneetha Narreddy Rajasekhar Reddy

Election Statistics

	Year	Contested For	Party		Constituency	Opponent	Votes	Majority	Result	Reference
1	1978	MLA		Indian National Congress	Pulivendla	Devireddy Narayan Reddy (JP)	47,874 – 27,378	+20,496	Won	[49]
2	1983					Yeddula Bali Reddy (IND)	47,256 – 33,889	+13,367	Won	[49]
3	1985					Devi Reddy Sadasiva Reddy (TDP)	61,048 – 30,206	+30,842	Won	[50]
4	1989	MP			Kadapa	M. V. Ramana Reddy (TDP)	4,80,524 – 3,13,772	+1,66,752	Won	[51]
5	1991					Chennamsetty Ramachandraiah (TDP)	5,83,953 – 1,65,028	+4,18,925	Won	[51]
6	1996					Kandula Raja Mohan Reddy (TDP)	3,68,611- 3,63,166	+5,445	Won	[52]
7	1998					Kandula Raja Mohan Reddy (TDP)	3,74,762 – 3,20,881	+53,881	Won	[53]
8	1999	MLA			Pulivendla	Singa Reddy Satish Kumar Reddy(TDP)	62,019 – 32,010	+30,009	Won	[54]
9	2004					Singa Reddy Satish Kumar Reddy (TDP)	74,432 – 33,655	+40,777	Won	[55]
10	2009					Singa Reddy Satish Kumar Reddy (TDP)	1,03,556 – 34,875	+68,681	Won	[56]

References

1. "YSR stamp to be released on Sept.2". The Times of India. 22 August 2010.
2. "The 'perpetual dissident' finally becomes CM".
3. "YSR sworn-in as Andhra CM, emerges as a mass leader". 20 May 2009.
4. Rajasekhara Reddy, four others killed in helicopter crash – https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Rajasekhara-Reddy-four-others-killed-in-helicopter-crash/article16878911.ece
5. https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/the-man-who-could-be-next-chief-minister-of-andhra/story-k7W885shXQInRCvoqnBy1H.html ^{[bare URL]}
6. "Rajasekhar Reddy Profile". 3 September 2009.
7. "Death came without warning for, YSR". The Times of India. 2 November 2009. Retrieved 18 December 2019.
8. "Tragedies in Yeduguri Sandinti Family". The Hindu. 21 March 2019. Retrieved 18 December 2019.
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External links

Preceded by N. Chandrababu Naidu

Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh 2004–2009

Succeeded by Konijeti Rosaiah