The Whangaparāoa Peninsula is a suburban area about 30–50 km north of Auckland, New Zealand. It had 39,140 residents in June 2024.[2] It stretches from Red Beach, where it connects to Kingsway, Orewa and Silverdale, and extends to Army Bay in the Hauraki Gulf. It is part of the Hibiscus Coast. The area is populated by residents who work on the peninsula, or commute from the area to other parts of the Hibiscus Coast, the North Shore, Rodney district, Auckland CBD and beyond for work. They travel by vehicle, or via the Gulf Harbour ferry at Gulf Harbour Marina, or the Hibiscus Coast Bus Station at Silverdale. There is one main road (Whangaparāoa Road) along its entire length, which is accessible from State Highway 1 via Hibiscus Coast Highway at Silverdale, or from Hibiscus Coast Highway at Orewa via Red Beach. It is popular as a tourist destination for catching a ferry to Tiritiri Matangi Island,[3] and for visiting Shakespear Regional Park. It has one open (Whangaparāoa Golf Club) and one closed (as of 20 July 2023) (closed ) golf club (Gulf Harbour Country Club), beaches, sporting and recreation facilities, a library, shops, businesses and public and private primary and secondary schools. The median age of the population is in the 30s-40s.[4]
Whangaparāoa Peninsula
"Bay of Whales" | |
|---|---|
Suburban area | |
 Location of the Whangapāraoa Peninsula | |
| Coordinates: 36°38′S 174°46′E | |
| Country | New Zealand |
| City | Auckland |
| Local authority | Auckland Council |
| Electoral ward | Albany Ward |
| Local board | Hibiscus and Bays |
| Electorate | Whangaparāoa Te Tai Tokerau |
| Government | |
| • Territorial Authority | Auckland Council |
| • Mayor of Auckland | Wayne Brown |
| • Whangaparāoa MP | Mark Mitchell |
| • Te Tai Tokerau MP | Mariameno Kapa-Kingi |
| Area | |
• Total | 27.57 km2 (10.64 sq mi) |
| Population (June 2024)[2] | |
• Total | 39,140 |
| • Density | 1,400/km2 (3,700/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+12 (NZST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+13 (NZDT) |
| Website | www |
History
The Kawerau hapū Ngāti Kahu traditionally inhabited the peninsula, prior to the arrival of Europeans. Ngāti Kahu's major focuses of settlement were around Te Haruhi Bay and Army Bay.[5] A waka portage existed between Tindalls Beach and Matakatia, allowing travellers to bypass the Whangaparāoa Peninsula, who otherwise would have needed to travel around the entire peninsula.[6]
Whangaparāoa Peninsula was purchased by the government in 1853, after which settlers began developing the land for grazing.[5] Ngāti Kahu continued to live on the land until the 1890s.[5] The Shakespear family acquired many of the landholdings, and farmed the area until 1967, when they sold their land to the Auckland Regional Council, who established the Shakespear Regional Park at the far end of the peninsula.[5]
Geography
The peninsula is in the northern North Island, close to the base of the North Auckland Peninsula. The Māori language name Whangaparāoa means "Bay of Whales",[7] and pods of orca and dolphin are regularly spotted in the waters off the peninsula.[7] The peninsula is mostly urbanised and is in the Northern Auckland Zone of the Auckland urban area,[8] as defined by Statistics New Zealand. Since 2010, it has been part of the Albany Ward and the Hibiscus and Bays Local Board of the Auckland Region.[8][9] It is part of the General Electorate of Whangaparāoa.
A quickly growing area with new subdivisions being built, it is to be connected to State Highway 1 via a tolled bridge known as Penlink.
Auckland's Northern Motorway (State Highway One) was extended to Orewa at the end of the 1990s,[10] reducing journey time into the city and making it more popular for commuters. The under construction Penlink road (including a bridge over the Weiti River from Stanmore Bay to Stillwater) will provide a quicker route between the peninsula and central Auckland.[11][12]
The peninsula stretches east for 11 kilometres into the Hauraki Gulf, to the north of East Coast Bays.[8] Tiritiri Matangi Island is three kilometres off its eastern tip.
Communities include Red Beach, Stanmore Bay, Manly, Tindalls Beach, Army Bay, Gulf Harbour, Matakatia, and Arkles Bay. At the end of the peninsula is Shakespear Regional Park.
The New Zealand Defence Force owns part of this area. The base has been used as a resettlement camp for refugees, such as in 2001 when 130 refugees lived there.[13] In 2020 it was being used to quarantine New Zealanders who left Wuhan, China during the COVID-19 pandemic.[14]
Climate
Whangaparāoa is a warm temperate oceanic climate (Cfb) on the Köppen Climate Classification System.
| Climate data for Whangaparāoa, elevation 100 m (330 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1999–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 30.6 (87.1) |
30.5 (86.9) |
27.6 (81.7) |
26.2 (79.2) |
22.7 (72.9) |
21.4 (70.5) |
19.3 (66.7) |
20.4 (68.7) |
22.2 (72.0) |
23.1 (73.6) |
26.4 (79.5) |
27.7 (81.9) |
30.6 (87.1) |
| Mean maximum °C (°F) | 27.0 (80.6) |
27.2 (81.0) |
25.6 (78.1) |
23.4 (74.1) |
21.1 (70.0) |
18.6 (65.5) |
17.3 (63.1) |
18.4 (65.1) |
20.1 (68.2) |
21.5 (70.7) |
23.3 (73.9) |
25.6 (78.1) |
27.7 (81.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 23.6 (74.5) |
24.1 (75.4) |
22.5 (72.5) |
20.2 (68.4) |
17.6 (63.7) |
15.3 (59.5) |
14.4 (57.9) |
15.0 (59.0) |
16.4 (61.5) |
18.0 (64.4) |
19.6 (67.3) |
21.8 (71.2) |
19.0 (66.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 19.8 (67.6) |
20.5 (68.9) |
19.2 (66.6) |
17.2 (63.0) |
14.9 (58.8) |
12.8 (55.0) |
11.8 (53.2) |
12.1 (53.8) |
13.2 (55.8) |
14.6 (58.3) |
16.0 (60.8) |
18.2 (64.8) |
15.9 (60.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 16.0 (60.8) |
16.9 (62.4) |
15.9 (60.6) |
14.3 (57.7) |
12.3 (54.1) |
10.2 (50.4) |
9.2 (48.6) |
9.3 (48.7) |
10.1 (50.2) |
11.2 (52.2) |
12.4 (54.3) |
14.5 (58.1) |
12.7 (54.8) |
| Mean minimum °C (°F) | 12.6 (54.7) |
13.8 (56.8) |
12.6 (54.7) |
10.3 (50.5) |
8.1 (46.6) |
6.6 (43.9) |
5.5 (41.9) |
6.1 (43.0) |
6.4 (43.5) |
7.7 (45.9) |
8.9 (48.0) |
10.9 (51.6) |
4.7 (40.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 10.5 (50.9) |
11.4 (52.5) |
9.7 (49.5) |
7.5 (45.5) |
4.0 (39.2) |
4.1 (39.4) |
3.4 (38.1) |
2.3 (36.1) |
4.6 (40.3) |
5.9 (42.6) |
7.0 (44.6) |
7.4 (45.3) |
2.3 (36.1) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 53.9 (2.12) |
64.1 (2.52) |
87.7 (3.45) |
82.1 (3.23) |
117.8 (4.64) |
108.0 (4.25) |
100.2 (3.94) |
87.4 (3.44) |
87.5 (3.44) |
73.0 (2.87) |
59.3 (2.33) |
79.2 (3.12) |
1,000.2 (39.35) |
| Source: NIWA[15][16] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
Whangaparāoa covers 27.57 km2 (10.64 sq mi)[1] and had an estimated population of 39,140 as of June 2024,[2] with a population density of 1,420 people per km2.
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 2013 | 31,770 | — |
| 2018 | 35,565 | +2.28% |
| 2023 | 37,650 | +1.15% |
| Source: [17] | ||
Whangaparāoa had a population of 37,650 in the 2023 New Zealand census, an increase of 2,085 people (5.9%) since the 2018 census, and an increase of 5,880 people (18.5%) since the 2013 census. There were 18,303 males, 19,215 females and 132 people of other genders in 13,977 dwellings.[18] 2.7% of people identified as LGBTIQ+. There were 7,110 people (18.9%) aged under 15 years, 5,721 (15.2%) aged 15 to 29, 17,313 (46.0%) aged 30 to 64, and 7,506 (19.9%) aged 65 or older.[17]
People could identify as more than one ethnicity. The results were 86.2% European (Pākehā); 9.5% Māori; 3.2% Pasifika; 10.3% Asian; 1.6% Middle Eastern, Latin American and African New Zealanders (MELAA); and 2.4% other, which includes people giving their ethnicity as "New Zealander". English was spoken by 96.6%, Māori language by 1.3%, Samoan by 0.2%, and other languages by 15.6%. No language could be spoken by 2.0% (e.g. too young to talk). New Zealand Sign Language was known by 0.3%. The percentage of people born overseas was 34.1, compared with 28.8% nationally.
Religious affiliations were 33.2% Christian, 1.2% Hindu, 0.5% Islam, 0.2% Māori religious beliefs, 0.7% Buddhist, 0.4% New Age, 0.1% Jewish, and 1.2% other religions. People who answered that they had no religion were 54.9%, and 7.7% of people did not answer the census question.
Of those at least 15 years old, 6,099 (20.0%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, 15,720 (51.5%) had a post-high school certificate or diploma, and 6,789 (22.2%) people exclusively held high school qualifications. 5,091 people (16.7%) earned over $100,000 compared to 12.1% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 15,573 (51.0%) people were employed full-time, 4,290 (14.0%) were part-time, and 597 (2.0%) were unemployed.[17]
| Name | Area (km2) | Population | Density (per km2) | Dwellings | Median age | Median income |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Red Beach | 4.31 | 9,546 | 2,215 | 3,525 | 44.0 years | $42,800[19] |
| Stanmore Bay | 5.74 | 10,770 | 1,876 | 3,975 | 38.1 years | $47,200[20] |
| Wade Heads-Arkles Bay | 1.66 | 1,998 | 1,204 | 714 | 43.8 years | $50,700[21] |
| Manly | 2.61 | 5,928 | 2,271 | 2,298 | 44.6 years | $43,400[22] |
| Tindalls-Matakatia | 2.93 | 1,938 | 661 | 729 | 49.6 years | $43,200[23] |
| Gulf Harbour | 4.10 | 5,988 | 1,460 | 2,190 | 42.2 years | $47,300[24] |
| Army Bay | 6.22 | 1,482 | 238 | 546 | 46.7 years | $41,500[25] |
| New Zealand | 38.1 years | $41,500 |
Economy
Whangaparāoa Town Centre and Coast Plaza
In the past twenty years the township has developed on the high land above Stanmore Bay, including a shopping centre (Coast Plaza),[26] a movie theatre, a bowling alley, a library and community centre.[27][28]
Coast Plaza has 350 carparks,and is anchored by Countdown.[26]
Stanmore Bay Shopping Complex
The Stanmore Bay shopping complex opened in 2015,[29] replacing the previous complex. The new centre includes 16 retail spaces[30] and is anchored by New World[29] When completed, the Stanmore Shopping complex will mark the end of the Penlink motorway connection.[31]
Manly Village
The Manly Village is home to many of the coast's restaurants and shops.[32] Plans were lodged for upgrades to part of the complex in 2017 which would have increased retail spaces and added more apartments but have not progressed.[33]
Gulf Harbour Marina, shops and restaurants
Opening in the late 1980s the Gulf Harbour Marina is home to a variety of boat maintenance services, and retail.[34] The marina provides for vessels up to 55 metres and has in excess of 1050 berths.[35]
Sport
The peninsula is home to the Silverdale Seahawks rugby union[36] and also Hibiscus Coast Raiders rugby league, that are a part of Auckland Rugby League and compete in the Fox Memorial Championship. The peninsula is also home to football (soccer) club Hibiscus Coast AFC, which competes in the Lotto Sport Italia NRFL Division 2.[37]
Transportation
Hibiscus Coast is served by Auckland Transport bus routes operated by AT Metro to destinations including Hibiscus Coast Bus Station[38] and central Auckland. Commuter ferries operated by Auckland Transport and Fullers360 run between Gulf Harbour and central Auckland on week days.[39] Tourism services operate from Auckland City via Gulf Harbour to Tiritiri Matangi Island on select days.[40]
Education
Whangaparāoa College is the main college. It was formed from Hibiscus Coast Intermediate School in 2005, and first had all years 7 to 13 attending in 2009. Other schools:
- Wentworth College and Primary[41] (Gulf Harbour)
- Whangaparāoa Primary
- Stanmore Bay Primary
- Gulf Harbour School
- Red Beach Primary
- Orewa College
- KingsWay School
See also
References
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