Baron Churchill (1815 creation)

Baron Churchill, of Wychwood in the County of Oxford, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom and held by a branch of the Spencer family. It was created in 1815 for Lord Francis Spencer,^[1][2][3] younger son of the 4th Duke of Marlborough (see Duke of Marlborough for earlier history of the family). He had previously represented Oxfordshire in Parliament.

Baron Churchill
Creation date	11 August 1815
Creation	First
Created by	The Prince Regent (acting on behalf of his father King George III)
Peerage	Peerage of the United Kingdom
First holder	Lord Francis Spencer
Present holder	Michael Spencer, 7th Baron Churchill
Heir presumptive	Hon. David Spencer
Status	Extant
Motto	DIEU DEFEND LE DROIT (English: God defend my right)
The Barony of Churchill was held by the Viscounts Churchill from 1902 to 2017

Viscount Churchill
Creation date	14 July 1902
Created by	Edward VII
Peerage	Peerage of the United Kingdom
First holder	Victor Spencer, 3rd Baron Churchill
Last holder	Victor Spencer, 3rd Viscount Churchill
Status	Extinct
Extinction date	18 October 2017

From 1902 to 2017, the barony was subsidiary title of the viscountcy of Churchill. The title of Viscount Churchill, of Rolleston in the County of Leicester, was created in the Peerage of the United Kingdom on 15 July 1902 for the first baron's grandson Conservative politician Victor Spencer, 3rd Baron Churchill.^[4] The viscountcy became extinct in 2017 on the death of the first Viscount's youngest son, the third Viscount, who had succeeded his half-brother, the second Viscount, in 1973.^{[citation needed]}

The barony was inherited by the last Viscount's second cousin once removed,^[5] the great-grandson of General Sir Augustus Almeric Spencer, the third son of the 1st Baron Churchill.

Baron Churchill (1815)

• Francis Almeric Spencer, 1st Baron Churchill (1779–1845)
• Francis George Spencer, 2nd Baron Churchill (1802–1886)
• Victor Albert Francis Charles Spencer, 3rd Baron Churchill (1864–1934, created Viscount Churchill in 1902)

Viscount Churchill (1902)

• Victor Albert Francis Charles Spencer, 1st Viscount Churchill (1864–1934)
• Victor Alexander Spencer, 2nd Viscount Churchill (1890–1973)
• Victor George Spencer, 3rd Viscount Churchill (1934–2017)^[6]

Baron Churchill (1815; reverted)

• Richard Harry Ramsay Spencer, 6th Baron Churchill (1926–2020)^[5]
• Michael Richard de Charrière Spencer, 7th Baron Churchill (born 1960)

The heir presumptive is the present holder's brother, the Hon. David Anthony de Charrière Spencer (born 1970).

Male-line family tree

Male-line family tree, Barons Churchill and Viscounts Churchill.

Francis Spencer 1st Baron Churchill 1779–1845 Francis Spencer 2nd Baron Churchill 1802–1886 Lt. Col. Hon. George Spencer 1804–1877 Gen. Hon. Sir Augustus Spencer 1807–1893 Viscount Churchill Victor Spencer 1st Viscount Churchill 3rd Baron Churchill 1864–1934 Lt. Col. John Spencer-Munro 1849–1916 Lt. Col. Augustus Spencer 1851–1912 Hon. Victor Spencer 1888–1888 Victor Spencer 2nd Viscount Churchill 4th Baron Churchill 1890–1973 Victor Spencer 3rd Viscount Churchill 5th Baron Churchill 1934–2017 Capt. Almeric Spencer-Munro 1885–1960 Col. Richard Spencer 1888–1956 Viscountcy extinct Richard Spencer 6th Baron Churchill 1926–2020 Michael Spencer 7th Baron Churchill born 1960 Hon. David Spencer born 1970 Thomas Ellison-Spencer born 2006

Arms

Coat of arms of Baron Churchill^[7]

Crest Out of a ducal Coronet or, a griffin’s head between two Wings expanded argent, gorged with a bar gemel gules, armed gold. Escutcheon Quarterly: 1st & 4th, quarterly argent and gules, in the second and third quarters charged with a fret or, over all on a bend sable with three escallops argent (Spencer); 2nd & 3rd, Sable, a lion rampant argent, on a canton of the last, a cross gules (Churchill). Supporters Dexter: A griffin wings erect per fess argent and or gorged with a collar of the last, thereon three escallops sable, line reflexed over the back also or. Sinister: A wyvern the wings erect gules, collared as the dexter. Motto Dieu defend le droit (God defend the right).

References

1. History of Parliament Online "Lord Francis Almeric (1779-1845), of Wychwood and Cornbury Park, Oxon". Retrieved on 8 January 2019.
2. Cracrofts peerage "Churchill, Baron (UK, 1815)". Retrieved on 8 January 2019.
3. "The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/26121. ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
4. "No. 27455". The London Gazette. 18 July 1902. p. 4586.
5. "The 3rd (and last) Viscount Churchill, OBE 1934-2017". Peerage News. UK. 25 October 2017. Retrieved 14 April 2018. The viscountcy of Churchill (created in 1902) now becomes extinct. The 3rd Viscount is succeeded in the barony of Churchill (created in 1815) by his second cousin once removed, Richard Harry Ramsay Spencer, born 11 Oct, 1926, who becomes the 6th Baron Churchill.
6. "Death Announcements: CHURCHILL". The Telegraph. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
7. Burke's peerage and baronetage. 1970. p. 549.

Books

• Kidd, Charles (1903). Debrett's peerage, baronetage, knightage, and companionage. London: Dean & Son. p. 228. Archived from the original on 20 June 2016. John Debrett Alt URL
• Hesilrige, Arthur G. M. (1921). Debrett's Peerage and Titles of courtesy. London: Dean & Son. p. 204.
• Leigh Rayment's Peerage Pages ^{[self-published source] [better source needed]}

External links

• Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Francis George Spencer, 2nd Baron Churchill
• Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Victor Alexander Spencer, 2nd Viscount Churchill
• Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Victor George Spencer, 3rd Viscount Churchill

See also

• Duke of Marlborough
• Earl Spencer