Virarajendra
Chola emperor from 1063–1070 / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Virarajendra (1002 – 1070) was a Chola emperor. Son of Rajendra I, he spent a major part of his life as a subordinate to two of his elder brothers, Rajadhiraja I and Rajendra II. During his early reign, he granted the maintenance of a school to study the Vedas, Sastras and grammar. A hostel was provided for the students.[1] A hospital named Virasolan was also provided by him for the sick people.[1] The famous Tamil Buddhist grammatical work, Virasoliyam [ta], was written by Buddhamitra during his reign.[2]
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Virarajendra | |
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Rajakesarivarman, Karikala Chola, Maharajadhiraja, Pandya Kulantaka, Konerinmaikondan, Srimedinivallabha, Ahavamalla Kula Kaalan, Sakalabhuvanasraya | |
Chola Emperor | |
Reign | 1065–1070 |
Predecessor | Rajendra II |
Successor | Athirajendra |
King of Kadaram | |
Reign | 1067–1070 |
Predecessor | position established |
Successor | Athirajendra |
Born | 1002 Thanjavur, Chola Empire (modern day Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India) |
Died | 1070 (aged 68) Gangaikonda Cholapuram, Chola Empire (modern day Jayankondam, Tamil Nadu, India) |
Queen | Arulmolinangai |
Issue | Athirajendra Gangai kondan Rajasundari |
Dynasty | Chola |
Father | Rajendra I |
Mother | Mukkokilan Adigal |
Religion | Hinduism |
Virarajendra’s reign occurred in a period when the Chola Empire was both trying to expand its boundaries and preserve its existing territories, but had appeared to stutter in its attempts because of the death of Virarajendra’s eldest brother and king, Rajadhiraja I, and the short rule of Virarajendra's elder brother, Rajendra II.
In total, the three brothers ruled for 16–20 years altogether by succeeding one another.[3] This rapid succession was seen as a favorable opportunity by the traditional enemies and subordinates of the Cholas: the Singhalas (Ceylon), the Pandyas, and the Chera Perumals, with each adversary either trying to become free or declaring war on the Cholas. Virarajendra proved to be a capable and brave ruler, who was kind and protective of his subjects, reimposed authority on Chola dominions, and was ruthless to the Chalukyas and the Pandyas. His own rule lasted for less than 10 years, yet as depicted by his various inscriptions in Karur, Virarajendra left a legacy in the short time he ruled. He succeeded not only in preserving Chola territories, but also in making overseas conquests in far-off lands such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, and Nicobar.[4]