User:Mr. Ibrahem/Fifth disease
Medical condition / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Fifth disease, also known as erythema infectiosum, is a type of viral infection that most commonly occurs in children.[4] The most common symptoms are a low grade fever and rash.[4] Other symptoms may include joint pain, diarrhea, runny nose, vomiting, and headache.[4][5] The rash generally starts in the latter part of the infection, involves the cheeks and spreads to chest and arms.[4] Complications may include aplastic anemia, pain in multiple joints, and during pregnancy hydrops fetalis.[4]
fifth disease | |
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Other names | Erythema infectiosum, human erythrovirus infection, slapped cheek syndrome, slapcheek, slap face, slapped face[1][2][3] |
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16-month-old with the typical rash | |
Specialty | Infectious disease |
Symptoms | Fever, rash, runny nose[4][5] |
Complications | Aplastic anemia, pain in multiple joints, hydrops fetalis[4] |
Usual onset | 5 to 15 years old[4] |
Duration | 6 weeks[3] |
Causes | Parvovirus B19[4] |
Diagnostic method | Based on symptoms[3] |
Differential diagnosis | Measles, rubella, roseola, scarlet fever[4] |
Medication | Paracetamol (acetaminophen), NSAIDs[4] |
Frequency | Common[3] |
It is caused by infection by parvovirus B19.[6] It is typically spread via the respiratory route, though may also spread from mother to child during pregnancy and via blood transfusions.[4] Diagnosis is usually based on the symptoms, though it may be confirmed with blood tests.[3]
Treatment is symptomatic and supportive which may include paracetamol (acetaminophen) and NSAIDs.[4] It is common and typically occurs in those between the ages of 5 and 15.[4][3] Early descriptions of the disease data from at least 1889 by Tschamer and maybe as early as 1799 by Robert Willan.[7][8] In 1905 it was classified as the "fifth rash disease" in the standard list of rash-causing childhood diseases.[8][5]