User:Mr. Ibrahem/Esketamine
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Esketamine, sold under the brand name Spravato among others, is a medication used for treatment-resistant depression or depression with acute thoughts of suicide.[1][4] It; however, appears to be less effective than ketamine.[6] It may also be used for anesthesia and pain.[7] It is used as a nasal spray or by intravenous injection.[1][7] In depression benefits generally occur within 24 hours.[1]
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Trade names | Ketanest, Spravato, Vesierra, others |
Other names | Esketamine hydrochloride; (S)-Ketamine; S(+)-Ketamine; JNJ-54135419 |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a619017 |
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Dependence liability | Low–moderate (physical); high (psychological)[1] |
Routes of administration | Intranasal[1] |
Drug class | NMDA receptor antagonist[1] |
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Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C13H16ClNO |
Molar mass | 237.73 g·mol−1 |
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Common side effects include dissociation, dizziness, sedation, headache, anxiety, vomiting, and increased blood pressure.[1] Other side effects may include misuse.[4] The compound is the S(+) enantiomer of ketamine.[8] Use when breastfeeding is not recommended.[9] It primarily acts by blocking N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors.[1]
Esketamine came into medical use in Germany in 1997.[10][11] It was approved for medical use in the United States and Europe in 2019.[8][12] It is available as a generic medication.[13] In the United States the nasal spray costs about 5,500 to 7,900 USD for the first month of treatment as of 2021.[14][4] The intravenous formulation in the United Kingdom costs the NHS about £26 for 10 vials of 50 mg each.[7]