User:Mr. Ibrahem/Balanitis
Inflammation of the glans penis, infectious or non-infectious / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Balanitis is inflammation of the head of the penis (glans).[1] It typically occurs together with inflammation of the foreskin (posthitis), which is called balanoposthitis.[1] Symptoms may include redness, pain, discharge, itchiness, or white patches.[1] Complication may include phimosis.[1]
Balanitis | |
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Other names | Balanoposthitis |
File:Inflammation of the glans penis and the preputial mucosa.jpg | |
Inflammation of the glans penis and the preputial mucosa of a circumcised penis (balanitis) | |
Specialty | Urology |
Symptoms | Redness, pain, discharge, itchiness, white patches[1] |
Complications | Phimosis[1] |
Causes | Infectious: Yeast, bacteria, viruses, trichomonas[1] Inflammation: Eczema, allergic reactions, lichen planus, psoriasis[1] Pre-cancerous: Bowen's disease, erythroplasia of Queyrat[1] |
Risk factors | Uncircumcised, poor hygiene, diabetes, over cleaning[1][2] |
Diagnostic method | Microbial culture, tissue biopsy[1] |
Treatment | Foreskin retraction, washing the area[1] |
Medication | Antifungal cream, antibiotics, steroid creams[1] |
Prognosis | Usually good[3] |
Frequency | 3 to 11% (males at some point)[4] |
Groups of causes include infectious (yeast, bacteria, viruses, trichomonas), inflammatory conditions (eczema, allergic reactions, lichen planus, psoriasis), and pre-cancerous conditions (Bowen's disease, erythroplasia of Queyrat).[1] Risk factors include being uncircumcised, poor hygiene, diabetes, or over cleaning.[1][2] Diagnosis may be based on microbial culture or other testing and occasionally tissue biopsy.[1]
General management involves keeping the foreskin retracted and washing the area.[1] Dilute vinegar (acetic acid 1%) may help.[2] Based on the specific cause antifungal cream (such as clotrimazole), antibiotics, steroid creams, or surgery.[1] Outcomes are usually good.[3] Between 3 and 11% of males are affected at some point in time.[4]