User:Lacunae/2
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European windstorm is a name given to the strongest Extratropical cyclones[1] forming in the Atlantic basin.[2]
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are an extreme class of rapidly deepening Extratropical cyclone that produces a disproportionately large social and economic impact as a result of severe surface winds.[3]
there are no definitions set, although 40 metres per second (140 km/h) recurs in the European literature.[4][dubious – discuss]
Has been defined variously as a weather-related air movement of at least force 8 on the Beaufort Scale min. 63 kilometres per hour (39 mph).[5]
They are most common in the winter months however, they can and do form outside this time,[6] some as tropical storms transitioning into extratropical storms. sometimes starting as nor'easters off the New England coast. Storms occur, in general, in north or north-western Europe all year, but in central Europe mainly between November and February.[7]
and frequently track past the north coasts of the British Isles where they typically reach their maximum intensity.[8] . However, when they veer south they can affect almost any country in Europe. Commonly-affected countries include Britain, Ireland, Norway, the Faroe Islands and France, but any country in central, northern and especially western Europe is occasionally struck by such a storm system.
perhaps defined by sting jet.[citation needed]
Deep low pressure areas are relatively common over the North Atlantic, approximately 180 areas of low pressure a year form over the North Atlantic.[9] Typically 70 storms per year form,[10] however most are steered into the Norwegian Sea without hitting populated areas/land.[citation needed]
cyclonic windstorm associated with areas of low atmospheric pressure that track across the North Atlantic towards northwestern Europe. On average, a winter season sees 2 to 3 major winter storms impact Europe. Average storm lifetime/duration is 2-5 days and duration of storm typically 2 to 6 hours."[9] On average, the month when most windstorms form is January. The seasonal average is 4.6 windstorms.[11]
Since 1970 there have been 70 severe wind storm events resulting in total insured losses of approximately 50 bn USD. The thirteen most severe storm events alone account for nearly 80% (or 40 bn USD, in 2006 prices) of total insured winter storm losses in this period.[12]
"Gales are the most common cause of damage and disruption in the UK. Between 1962 and 1995, 184 deaths alone were caused by building failures resulting from wind. The majority of damage reports come from domestic dwellings. The average cost of damage each year is at least £300 million. Source Windstorms The Facts — report for ABI 2000 " http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/uk/advice/storm.html
These storms cause economic damage of €1.9 billion per year, and insurance losses of €1.4 billion per year (1990–1998). They rank as the second highest cause of global natural catastrophe insurance loss (after U.S. hurricanes).[13]
- (i) windstorms account for more than one-third of all natural disasters;
- (ii) they also cause more than one-third of all fatalities;
- (iii) they are responsible for one-third of the overall economic loss;
- (iv) their share in insured losses is very high, with an average of more than two-thirds.-http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/363/1831/1431.full.pdf