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Vanadinite is a mineral belonging to the apatite group of phosphates, with the chemical formula Pb5(VO4)3Cl. It is one of the main industrial ores of the metal vanadium and a minor source of lead. A dense, brittle mineral, it is usually found in the form of red hexagonal crystals. It is an uncommon mineral, formed by the oxidation of lead ore deposits such as galena. First discovered in 1801 in Mexico, vanadinite deposits have since been unearthed in South America, Europe, Africa, and other parts of North America.
Quick Facts 帆船礦, General ...
帆船礦 | |
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![]() 來自美國亞利桑那州的帆船礦 | |
General | |
Category | 釩酸鹽 礦物 |
Formula (repeating unit) | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
Crystal system | Hexagonal Dipyramidal 6/m |
Identification | |
Formula mass | 1,416.27 g/mol |
Color | 無色、鮮紅色、橙紅色、棕紅色、棕色、黃色及灰色 |
Crystal habit | Prismatic or nodular |
Cleavage | None |
Fracture | Conchoidal |
Mohs scale hardness | 3–4 |
Luster | Resinous to sub-adamantine |
Streak | brownish yellow |
Diaphaneity | Transparent, translucent or opaque |
Specific gravity | 6.8–7.1 |
Optical properties | Uniaxial (-) |
Refractive index | nω = 2.416 nε = 2.350 |
Birefringence | δ = 0.066 |
Ultraviolet fluorescence | None |
References | [1][2] |
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