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Durvillaea is a genus of brown algae (class Phaeophyceae) of the order Fucales. It is named after French explorer Jules Dumont d'Urville [1790-1842].[1] There are currently six recognised species within the genus, with the type species Durvillaea antarctica (Chamisso) Hariot [2]. All members of the genus are found in the southern hemisphere, particularly New Zealand, South America, Australia and various subantarctic islands. Many Durvillaea species are referred to as bull kelp, which is a common name for a large kelp.[3][4]
| Xaweber/sandbox | |
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| Durvillaea antarctica in Otago, New Zealand | |
| Scientific classification | |
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| Superphylum: | |
| Class: | |
| Order: | |
| Family: | Durvillaeaceae |
| Genus: | Durvillaea |
Species include:
- Durvillaea antarctica [5], found in New Zealand, Chile and various subantarctic islands[4] including Macquarie Island[6]
- Durvillaea poha[7]
- Durvillaea chathamensis, unique to the Chatham Islands
- Durvillaea potatorum, endemic to south-east Australia [3][8]
- Durvillaea willana [9]
- Unnamed species found on the Antipodes Islands [4]
Durvillaea spp. are characterised by their prolific growth, plastic morphology and ability to withstand high levels of disturbance at rocky, wave-exposed coastal sites [6].
Durvillaea antarctica has been used in Chile as a food item, predominately by the Mapuche indigenous people who refer to it as 'collofe' [10]. In Australia, Durvillaea potatorum is collected as beach wrack from King Island, where it is then dried as chips and sent to Scotland for phycocolloid extraction [11].
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