User:Viva el ROC China/sandbox
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The Dungan Revolt (simplified Chinese: 同治新疆回变; traditional Chinese: 同治新疆回變; pinyin: Tóng Zhì Xīn Jiāng Huí Biàn) was mainly an ethnic war in 19th-century China. It is also known as the Hui Minorities War. The term is sometimes used to include the Panthay Rebellion in Yunnan which occurred during the same period. However, in this article, this term is strictly an uprising by members of the Muslim Hui and other Muslim ethnic groups in China's Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia provinces, as well as in Xinjiang, between 1862 and 1877. The revolt was set off over a pricing dispute involving bamboo poles which a Han was selling to a Hui, who did not pay the amount the Han merchant demanded.
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Dungan revolt | ||||||||
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Yakub Bek | ||||||||
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Belligerents | ||||||||
Qing Empire |
Kashgaria (Kokandi Uzbek Andijani and Turki Rebels)
Supported by:
Russian Empire | Hui Muslim rebels | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | ||||||||
Zuo Zongtang Wang Dagui Dong Fuxiang Ma Zhan'ao Ma Anliang Ma Qianling Ma Haiyan Dolongga |
Yakub Beg Hsu Hsuehkung |
Ma Hualong T'o Ming | ||||||
Bai Yanhu Muhammed Ayub | ||||||||
Strength | ||||||||
Hunan Army, 120,000 Zuo Zongtang army and Loyalist Khafiya Chinese Muslim troops | Andijani Uzbek troops and Afghan volunteers, Han Chinese and Hui forcibly drafted into Yaqub's army, and separate Han Chinese militia | Rebel Jahriyya Chinese Muslim and some Rebel Han Chinese | ||||||
Casualties and losses | ||||||||
Muslim death in Shanxi alone could be as high as 4,000,000 during the Tong Zhi Muslim Revolt (同治回乱) of 1862 | Total death: 8,000,000 -12,000,000, including civilians and soldiers |
The uprising was chaotic and often involved warring factions of bands and military leaders with no common cause or single specific goal or purpose on the western bank of the Yellow River (Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia (excluding Xinjiang province)). A common misconception is that the revolt was directed against the Qing Dynasty, but actually there is no evidence showing that they intended to attack the capital, Beijing, or overthrow the whole government system of Qing Empire Qing Dynasty. When the rebellion failed, mass emigration of the Dungan people into Imperial Russia, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan ensued.