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DEFICIENCY DISEASES

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A person may be getting enough food to eat, but sometimes the food may not contain a particular nutrient. if this continues over a long period of time, the person may suffer from its deficiency. Deficiency of one or more nutrient can cause diseases or disorders in your body. diseases that occur due to lack of nutrients over a long period are called deficiency diseases.

If a person does not get enough proteins in his/her food for a long time, he/she is likely to have stunned growth, swelling of face, discolouration of hair, skin diseases and diarrhoea.

If the diet is deficient in both carbohydrates and proteins for a long period of time, the growth may stop completely. such a person becomes very lean and thin and so weak that he/she may not even be able to move.

Deficiency of different vitamins and minerals may also result in certain diseases or disorders. some of these are mentioned in table given below :-

All deficiency diseases can be prevented by taking a balanced diet.

Balanced diet

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provides all the nutrients that our body needs, in right quantities, along with adequate amount of roughage and water.

Here we asked ourselves the reason why widely varying food from different regions had a common distribution. This distribution, we find, ensures that our meal have a balance of the different nutrients needed by body.

Vitamins/ Minerals	Deficiency disease/ Disorder	Symptoms
Vitamin A	Loss of vision	Poor vision, loss of vision in darkness(night), some times complete loss of vision
Vitamin B1	Beriberi	Weak muscles and very little energy to work
Vitamin C	Scurvy	Bleeding gums, wounds take longer time to heal
Vitamin D	Rickets	Bone become soft and bent
Calcium	Bone and tooth decay	Weak bones, tooth decay
Iodine	Goiter	Glands in the neck appear swollen, mental disability in children
Iron	Anaemia	Weakness

SOURCES OF VITAMINS AND MINERALS

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VITAMIN A 
          Carrot, Spinach, Raddish leaves, Mint, Lettuce, Fenugreek leaves, Drumstick leaves, Coriander leaves, Colocasia leaves, Sweet potato (yellow), Pumpkin, Giant chillies, Guava, Mango ripe, Orange, Papaya, Tomato.

VITAMIN B1

         Whole cereals, Grains and products, Pulses, Legumes, Pork, Water- melon, Mushrooms and Pea-nuts.

VITAMIN C

         Citrus food like ( Orange, Lemon, Amla, Cauliflour, Spinach, Broccoli, Lettuce )

VITAMIN D

         Sunlight, Cord-liver oil, Cordinal, Egg-yolk, Butter, Lever, Fortified foods(bournvita)

CALCCIUM

          Milk and Milk products, Ragi, Green leafy vegetables, Cabbage, Nuts, Drumstick leaves, Oil-seeds.

IODINE

         Sea food, Salt water fish, weeds, Iodised salts.

IRON

         Green leafy vegetables, Fruits, Legumes, Liver, Bajra, Ragi, Apricots, Riceflakes, Peaches, Organ meats.

^[1]

1. Sutar,B.(2006).Science.Ncert