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The flags of the U.S. states, territories, and the District of Columbia (Washington, D.C.) exhibit a variety of regional influences and local histories, as well as different styles and design principles. Modern U.S. state flags date from the turn of the 20th century, when states considered distinctive symbols for the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, Illinois. Most U.S. state flags were designed and adopted between 1893 and World War I.[1]
The most recently adopted state flag is that of Minnesota, adopted on May 11, 2024, while the most recently adopted territorial flag is that of the Northern Mariana Islands, adopted on July 1, 1985. The flag of the District of Columbia was adopted in 1938. Recent legislations in Massachusetts (2021) and Illinois (2024) have started the process of redesigning their state flag. Maine and Michigan also have plans to redesign their flags in the future, but these have not been confirmed, though Maine has planned to put a flag redesign on the ballot in November of 2024.[2]
Despite a variety of designs, the majority of the states' flags share the same design pattern consisting of the state seal superimposed on a monochrome background, commonly a shade of blue, which remains a source of criticism from vexillologists. According to a 2001 survey by the North American Vexillological Association, New Mexico has the best-designed flag of any U.S. state, U.S. territory, or Canadian province, while Georgia's state flag was rated the worst (the latter of which has been changed since the survey was conducted).[3]
Listed by order of statehood (and for the first thirteen, the order of their ratification of the US Constitution) with their respective date of adoption.
Flag of Delaware
(July 24, 1913)
Flag of Pennsylvania
(June 13, 1907)
Flag of New Jersey
(May 11, 1896)[lower-alpha 1]
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Flag of Georgia
(February 19, 2003)
Flag of Connecticut
(September 9, 1897)
Flag of Massachusetts
(July 3, 1971)
Flag of Maryland
(March 9, 1904)
Flag of South Carolina
(January 26, 1861)
Flag of New Hampshire
(January 1, 1932)
Flag of Virginia
(February 1, 1950)[4]
Flag of New York
(April 2, 2020)[lower-alpha 2]
Flag of North Carolina
(June 24, 1991)[5]
Flag of Rhode Island
(November 1, 1897)
Flag of Vermont
(June 1, 1923)
Flag of Kentucky
(June 14, 1962)
Flag of Tennessee
(April 17, 1905)
Flag of Ohio
(May 9, 1902)
Flag of Louisiana
(November 22, 2010)[6]
Flag of Indiana
(May 31, 1917)
Flag of Mississippi
(January 11, 2021)[7][8]
Flag of Illinois
(September 17, 1969)
Flag of Alabama
(February 16, 1895)[9]
Flag of Maine
(February 23, 1909)
Flag of Missouri
(March 22, 1913)
Flag of Arkansas
(February 28, 2011)
Flag of Michigan
(August 1, 1911)
Flag of Florida
(May 21, 1985)
Flag of Texas
(January 25, 1839)[lower-alpha 3]
Flag of Iowa
(March 29, 1921)
Flag of Wisconsin
(May 1, 1981)[10]
Flag of California
(February 3, 1911)
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Flag of Minnesota
(May 11, 2024)
Flag of Oregon (obverse)
(April 15, 1925)[11][12]
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Flag of Oregon (reverse)[11]
Flag of Kansas
(September 24, 1961)
Flag of West Virginia
(March 7, 1929)
Flag of Nevada
(July 25, 1991)
Flag of Nebraska
(July 16, 1963)
Flag of Colorado
(March 31, 1964)
Flag of North Dakota
(March 11, 1911)
Flag of South Dakota
(November 9, 1992)
Flag of Montana
(July 1, 1981)
Flag of Washington
(April 1, 1967)[13]
Flag of Idaho
(March 12, 1907)
Flag of Wyoming
(January 31, 1917)
Flag of Utah
(March 9, 2024)[14]
Flag of Oklahoma
(November 1, 2006)[15][16]
Flag of New Mexico
(March 15, 1925)
Flag of Arizona
(February 27, 1917)
Flag of Alaska
(May 2, 1927)
Flag of Hawaii
(December 28, 1844)
This is the current flag of the District of Columbia.
These are the current official flags of the five permanently inhabited territories of the United States. Dates in parentheses denote when the territory's current flag was adopted by its respective political body.[citation needed]
Maine and Massachusetts have ensigns for use at sea.
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Many Native American nations have tribal sovereignty, with jurisdiction over their members and reserved land. Although reservations are on state land, the laws of the state(s) do not necessarily apply.[25] Below are the flags of some of the largest Indian tribes reservations by population and area:
The U.S. national flag is the official flag for all islands, atolls, and reefs composing the United States Minor Outlying Islands. However, unofficial flags are sometimes used to represent some of these insular areas:
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