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Alexander III of Russia
Emperor of Russia from 1881 to 1894 / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Alexander III (Russian: Александр III Александрович Романов, romanized: Aleksandr III Aleksandrovich Romanov; 10 March 1845 – 1 November 1894)[1] was Emperor of Russia, King of Congress Poland and Grand Duke of Finland from 13 March 1881 until his death in 1894.[2] He was highly reactionary in domestic affairs and reversed some of the liberal reforms of his father, Alexander II, a policy of "counter-reforms" (Russian: контрреформы). Under the influence of Konstantin Pobedonostsev (1827–1907), he acted to maximize his autocratic powers.[citation needed]
Alexander III | |||||
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![]() Portrait photograph, 1885 | |||||
Emperor of Russia | |||||
Reign | 13 March 1881 – 1 November 1894 | ||||
Coronation | 27 May 1883 | ||||
Predecessor | Alexander II | ||||
Successor | Nicholas II | ||||
Born | (1845-03-10)10 March 1845 Winter Palace, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire | ||||
Died | 1 November 1894(1894-11-01) (aged 49) Maley Palace, Livadia,[lower-alpha 1] Taurida Governorate, Russian Empire | ||||
Burial | 18 November 1894 Peter and Paul Cathedral, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire | ||||
Spouse | |||||
Issue Detail | |||||
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House | Romanov-Holstein-Gottorp | ||||
Father | Alexander II of Russia | ||||
Mother | Marie of Hesse and by Rhine | ||||
Religion | Russian Orthodox | ||||
Signature | ![]() |
During his reign, Russia fought no major wars, and he came to be known as The Peacemaker (Russian: Миротворец, romanized: Mirotvorets, IPA: [mʲɪrɐˈtvorʲɪt͡s]), with the laudatory title of Tsar’-Mirotvorets enduring into 21st century historiography.[3] His major foreign policy achievement was the Russo-French Alliance, a major shift in international relations that eventually embroiled Russia in World War I. His political legacy represented a direct challenge to the European cultural order set forth by German statesman Otto von Bismarck, intermingling Russian influences with the shifting balances of power.[4]
Alexander was known for his striking appearance, a tall, heavy-set man, of enormous muscular strength.