The English Bread Book

The English Bread Book is an English cookery book by Eliza Acton, first published in 1857. The work consists of a history of bread making in England, improvements to the process developed in Europe, an examination of the ingredients used and recipes of different types of bread.

The English Bread Book

Frontispiece of the 1857 edition
Author	Eliza Acton
Subject	English baking
Genre	Cookery
Publisher	Longmans
Publication date	1857

Book

In 1845 the former poet Eliza Acton^{[lower-alpha 1]} published Modern Cookery for Private Families, a work that was aimed at the English middle classes.^[2] A chapter within the book provides bread making and recipes for various styles of bread.^[3] Acton undertook a re-write of the book in 1855, but was disappointed that she had not been able to add as much information about bread making into the work as she wanted to. Instead she decided, despite her increasingly poor health, that she would take on the subject in a new work, The English Bread-Book For Domestic Use.^{[lower-alpha 2]} Published in May 1857, this is not a recipe book along the same lines as Modern Cookery, but is described by Hardy as "a serious, scientific study ... much darker in tone than her previous work".^[5] It consists of a history of bread making in England, improvements made in Europe, an examination of the ingredients used and recipes of different types of bread.^[6] Acton also included information about the adulteration of bread by flour millers and bakers of the time,^[7] which included the addition of alum and what she called "other deleterious substances".^[8] The book was focussed on British bread and, in her preface, Acton wrote "Bread is a first necessity of life to the great mass of the English people; being in part the food of all—the chief food of many—and almost the sole food of many more."^[9] She devotes a whole chapter to the approach to bread and bread making in France, Germany and Belgium, and the book contains recipes for German pumpernickel, French baguettes, Italian polenta bread, Turkish rolls and Indian breads.^[10]

Contents

The following list refers to the 1857 edition.

Preface

Contents

Part One

1. Bread, its value
2. Adulteration of bread, and its consequences
3. Large institutions established abroad
4. Gluten
5. To remove the taint of must from wheat
6. Different varieties of bread-corn

Part Two

1. Outline of bread making
2. General rules for baking bread
3. Making dough
4. Bread recipes^[6]

Reception

The unknown reviewer for The Literary Gazette wrote a favourable review of The English Bread Book, which was also copied in full in The Manchester Guardian. The reviewer called Acton a "clever author", and praised the inclusion of "the whole philosophy and practice, as well as the history of the subject of bread-making, in its plain and fancy forms".^[11][12] In a review in The Glasgow Herald, the critic considered the book "excellent, and we trust to be popular". Readers of the book, the reviewer thought, will become possessed of a store of useful knowledge, as well as scientific as practical, upon a question which is essentially that of every man, woman and child in the wide universe".^[13]

In her work, English Bread and Yeast Cookery, Elizabeth David writes that The English Bread Book heavily influenced and informed her work, and she owes Acton a debt for it.^[14] The food writer Elizabeth Ray observes that the book was less successful than Modern Cookery, and was only reprinted in 1990.^[15] Although the first edition had "Bread-Book" hyphenated, most subsequent editions did not.^[16]

Notes and references

Notes

1. In October 1826 Acton had published a collection of poetry under the title Poems; 328 copies were printed and a reprint was needed within a month.^[1]
2. The full title of the work is The English Bread-Book for Domestic Use, Adapted to Families of Every Grade: Containing the Plainest and Most Minute Instructions to the Learner; Practical Receipts for Many Varieties of Bread; With Notices of the Present System of Adulteration, and its Consequences; and of the Improved Baking Processes and Institutions Established Abroad.^[4]

References

1. Hardy 2011, pp. 58–59.
2. Humble 2006, p. 11.
3. Acton 1845, pp. 548–553.
4. Acton 1857, Frontispiece.
5. Hardy 2011, pp. 170 and 188.
6. Acton 1857, pp. vii–xii.
7. Lieffers 2012, p. 950.
8. Acton 1857, p. 20.
9. Acton 1857, p. v.
10. Acton 1857, pp. 29, 141, 161, 166, 168 and 177.
11. "Miscellaneous, Pamphlets, &c". The Literary Gazette.
12. "Miss Acton's English Bread-Book". The Manchester Guardian.
13. "Literature". The Glasgow Herald.
14. David 2001, p. xiii.
15. Ray 2008.
16. "Search results for 'acton The English Bread Book'". WorldCat.

Sources

• Acton, Eliza (1845). Modern Cookery in all its Branches (2 ed.). London: Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans. OCLC 40747609.
• Acton, Eliza (1857). The English Bread-Book For Domestic Use. London: Longman, Brown, Green Longmans and Roberts. OCLC 14352867.
• David, Elizabeth (2001) [1977]. English Bread and Yeast Book. London: Penguin. ISBN 978-0-1402-9974-8.
• Hardy, Sheila (2011). The Real Mrs Beeton: The Story of Eliza Acton. Stroud, Gloucestershire: The History Press. ISBN 978-0-7524-6122-9.
• Humble, Nicola (2006). Culinary Pleasures. London: Faber and Faber. ISBN 978-0-571-22871-3.
• Lieffers, Caroline (June 2012). ""The Present Time is Eminently Scientific": The Science of Cookery in Nineteenth-Century Britain". Journal of Social History. 45 (4): 936–959. doi:10.1093/jsh/shr106. JSTOR 41678945.
• "Literature". The Glasgow Herald. 19 June 1857. p. 6.
• "Miscellaneous, Pamphlets, &c". The Literary Gazette. 18 January 1845. p. 542.
• "Miss Acton's English Bread-Book". The Manchester Guardian. 18 June 1857. p. 3.
• Ray, Elizabeth (2008). "Acton, Eliza (1799–1859)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/73. Retrieved 2 January 2018. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
• "Search results for 'Acton The English Bread Book'". WorldCat. Retrieved 22 February 2018.