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Element (E) |
Ar°(E) |
Value type |
Ar°(E), abridged or conventional |
Mass number [most stable isotope] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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hydrogen | 1H | [1.00784, 1.00811] | interval | 1.0080±0.0002 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
nitrogen | 7N | [14.00643, 14.00728] | interval | 14.007±0.001 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
fluorine | 9F | 18.998403162±0.000000005 | number ± uncertainty | 18.998±0.001 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
calcium | 20Ca | 40.078±0.004 | number ± uncertainty | 40.078±0.004 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
technetium | 43Tc | (none) | most stable isotope | [97] |
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(dev Mar2023)g | [mini-title] Geological and biological materials are known in which the element has an isotopic composition outside the limits for normal material. The difference between the atomic weight of the element in such materials and that given in the table may exceed the stated uncertainty. | ||
m | [mini-title] Modified isotopic compositions may be found in commercially available material because the material has been subjected to some undisclosed or inadvertent isotopic fractionation. Substantial deviations in atomic weight of the element from that given in the table can occur. | ||
r | [mini-title] Range in isotopic composition of normal terrestrial material prevents a more precise standard atomic weight being given; the tabulated value and uncertainty should be applicable to normal material. | ||
Texts from CIAAW site, 19 Mar 2023. |
Z | Symbol | Name | Ar°(E) 2021: Table 1, columns 4, 5 |
Type |
Abridged columns 7, 8 |
g, m, r | m.s.i. | Year changed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | H | hydrogen | [1.00784, 1.00811] | 2 | 1.0080±0.0002 | m | 2009[3] | |
2 | He | helium | 4.002602±0.000002 | 1 | 4.0026±0.0001 | g, r | 1983[4] | |
3 | Li | lithium | [6.938, 6.997] | 2 | 6.94±0.06 | m | 2009[5] | |
4 | Be | beryllium | 9.0121831±0.0000005 | 1 | 9.0122±0.0001 | 2013[6] | ||
5 | B | boron | [10.806, 10.821] | 2 | 10.81±0.02 | m | 2009[7] | |
6 | C | carbon | [12.0096, 12.0116] | 2 | 12.011±0.002 | 2009[8] | ||
7 | N | nitrogen | [14.00643, 14.00728] | 2 | 14.007±0.001 | m | 2009[9] | |
8 | O | oxygen | [15.99903, 15.99977] | 2 | 15.999±0.001 | m | 2009[10] | |
9 | F | fluorine | 18.998403162±0.000000005 | 1 | 18.998±0.001 | 2021[11] | ||
10 | Ne | neon | 20.1797±0.0006 | 1 | 20.180±0.001 | g, m | 1985[12] | |
11 | Na | sodium | 22.98976928±0.00000002 | 1 | 22.990±0.001 | 2005[13] | ||
12 | Mg | magnesium | [24.304, 24.307] | 2 | 24.305±0.002 | 2011[14] | ||
13 | Al | aluminium | 26.9815384±0.0000003 | 1 | 26.982±0.001 | 2017[15] | ||
14 | Si | silicon | [28.084, 28.086] | 2 | 28.085±0.001 | 2009[16] | ||
15 | P | phosphorus | 30.973761998±0.000000005 | 1 | 30.974±0.001 | 2013[17] | ||
16 | S | sulfur | [32.059, 32.076] | 2 | 32.06±0.02 | 2009[18] | ||
17 | Cl | chlorine | [35.446, 35.457] | 2 | 35.45±0.01 | m | 2009[19] | |
18 | Ar | argon | [39.792, 39.963] | 2 | 39.95±0.16 | 2017[20] | ||
19 | K | potassium | 39.0983±0.0001 | 1 | 39.098±0.001 | 1979[21] | ||
20 | Ca | calcium | 40.078±0.004 | 1 | 40.078±0.004 | g | 1983[22] | |
21 | Sc | scandium | 44.955907±0.000004 | 1 | 44.956±0.001 | 2021[23] | ||
22 | Ti | titanium | 47.867±0.001 | 1 | 47.867±0.001 | 1993[24] | ||
23 | V | vanadium | 50.9415±0.0001 | 1 | 50.942±0.001 | 1977[25] | ||
24 | Cr | chromium | 51.9961±0.0006 | 1 | 51.996±0.001 | 1983[26] | ||
25 | Mn | manganese | 54.938043±0.000002 | 1 | 54.938±0.001 | 2017[27] | ||
26 | Fe | iron | 55.845±0.002 | 1 | 55.845±0.002 | 1993[28] | ||
27 | Co | cobalt | 58.933194±0.000003 | 1 | 58.933±0.001 | 2017[29] | ||
28 | Ni | nickel | 58.6934±0.0004 | 1 | 58.693±0.001 | r | 2007[30] | |
29 | Cu | copper | 63.546±0.003 | 1 | 63.546±0.003 | r | 1969[31] | |
30 | Zn | zinc | 65.38±0.02 | 1 | 65.38±0.02 | r | 2007[32] | |
31 | Ga | gallium | 69.723±0.001 | 1 | 69.723±0.001 | 1987[33] | ||
32 | Ge | germanium | 72.630±0.008 | 1 | 72.630±0.008 | 2009[34] | ||
33 | As | arsenic | 74.921595±0.000006 | 1 | 74.922±0.001 | 2013[35] | ||
34 | Se | selenium | 78.971±0.008 | 1 | 78.971±0.008 | r | 2013[36] | |
35 | Br | bromine | [79.901, 79.907] | 2 | 79.904±0.003 | 2011[37] | ||
36 | Kr | krypton | 83.798±0.002 | 1 | 83.798±0.002 | g, m | 2001[38] | |
37 | Rb | rubidium | 85.4678±0.0003 | 1 | 85.468±0.001 | g | 1969[39] | |
38 | Sr | strontium | 87.62±0.01 | 1 | 87.62±0.01 | g, r | 1969[40] | |
39 | Y | yttrium | 88.905838±0.000002 | 1 | 88.906±0.001 | 2021[41] | ||
40 | Zr | zirconium | 91.224±0.002 | 1 | 91.224±0.002 | g | 1983[42] | |
41 | Nb | niobium | 92.90637±0.00001 | 1 | 92.906±0.001 | 2017[43] | ||
42 | Mo | molybdenum | 95.95±0.01 | 1 | 95.95±0.01 | g | 2013[44] | |
43 | Tc | technetium | - | 3 | [97] | |||
44 | Ru | ruthenium | 101.07±0.02 | 1 | 101.07±0.02 | g | 1983[45] | |
45 | Rh | rhodium | 102.90549±0.00002 | 1 | 102.91±0.01 | 2017[46] | ||
46 | Pd | palladium | 106.42±0.01 | 1 | 106.42±0.01 | g | 1979[47] | |
47 | Ag | silver | 107.8682±0.0002 | 1 | 107.87±0.01 | g | 1985[48] | |
48 | Cd | cadmium | 112.414±0.004 | 1 | 112.41±0.01 | g | 2013[49] | |
49 | In | indium | 114.818±0.001 | 1 | 114.82±0.01 | 2011[50] | ||
50 | Sn | tin | 118.710±0.007 | 1 | 118.71±0.01 | g | 1983[51] | |
51 | Sb | antimony | 121.760±0.001 | 1 | 121.76±0.01 | g | 1993[52] | |
52 | Te | tellurium | 127.60±0.03 | 1 | 127.60±0.03 | g | 1969[53] | |
53 | I | iodine | 126.90447±0.00003 | 1 | 126.90±0.01 | 1985[54] | ||
54 | Xe | xenon | 131.293±0.006 | 1 | 131.29±0.01 | g, m | 1999[55] | |
55 | Cs | caesium | 132.90545196±0.00000006 | 1 | 132.91±0.01 | 2013[56] | ||
56 | Ba | barium | 137.327±0.007 | 1 | 137.33±0.01 | 1985[57] | ||
57 | La | lanthanum | 138.90547±0.00007 | 1 | 138.91±0.01 | g | 2005[58] | |
58 | Ce | cerium | 140.116±0.001 | 1 | 140.12±0.01 | g | 1995[59] | |
59 | Pr | praseodymium | 140.90766±0.00001 | 1 | 140.91±0.01 | 2017[60] | ||
60 | Nd | neodymium | 144.242±0.003 | 1 | 144.24±0.01 | g | 2005[61] | |
61 | Pm | promethium | 3 | [145] | ||||
62 | Sm | samarium | 150.36±0.02 | 1 | 150.36±0.02 | g | 2005[62] | |
63 | Eu | europium | 151.964±0.001 | 1 | 151.96±0.01 | g | 1995[63] | |
64 | Gd | gadolinium | 157.25±0.03 | 1 | 157.25±0.03 | g | 1969[64] | |
65 | Tb | terbium | 158.925354±0.000007 | 1 | 158.93±0.01 | 2021[65] | ||
66 | Dy | dysprosium | 162.500±0.001 | 1 | 162.50±0.01 | g | 2001[66] | |
67 | Ho | holmium | 164.930329±0.000005 | 1 | 164.93±0.01 | 2021[67] | ||
68 | Er | erbium | 167.259±0.003 | 1 | 167.26±0.01 | g | 1999[68] | |
69 | Tm | thulium | 168.934219±0.000005 | 1 | 168.93±0.01 | 2021[69] | ||
70 | Yb | ytterbium | 173.045±0.010 | 1 | 173.05±0.02 | g | 2015[70] | |
71 | Lu | lutetium | 174.9668±0.0001 | 1 | 174.97±0.01 | g | 2007[71] | |
72 | Hf | hafnium | 178.486±0.006 | 1 | 178.49±0.01 | g | 2019[72] | |
73 | Ta | tantalum | 180.94788±0.00002 | 1 | 180.95±0.01 | 2005[73] | ||
74 | W | tungsten | 183.84±0.01 | 1 | 183.84±0.01 | 1991[74] | ||
75 | Re | rhenium | 186.207±0.001 | 1 | 186.21±0.01 | 1973[75] | ||
76 | Os | osmium | 190.23±0.03 | 1 | 190.23±0.03 | g | 1991[76] | |
77 | Ir | iridium | 192.217±0.002 | 1 | 192.22±0.01 | 2017[77] | ||
78 | Pt | platinum | 195.084±0.009 | 1 | 195.08±0.02 | 2005[78] | ||
79 | Au | gold | 196.966570±0.000004 | 1 | 196.97±0.01 | 2017[79] | ||
80 | Hg | mercury | 200.592±0.003 | 1 | 200.59±0.01 | 2011[80] | ||
81 | Tl | thallium | [204.382, 204.385] | 2 | 204.38±0.01 | 2009[81] | ||
82 | Pb | lead | [206.14, 207.94] | 2 | 207.2±1.1 | 2020[82] | ||
83 | Bi | bismuth | 208.98040±0.00001 | 1 | 208.98±0.01 | 2005[83] | ||
84 | Po | polonium | - | 3 | [209] | |||
85 | At | astatine | - | 3 | [210] | |||
86 | Rn | radon | - | 3 | [222] | |||
87 | Fr | francium | - | 3 | [223] | |||
88 | Ra | radium | - | 3 | [226] | |||
89 | Ac | actinium | - | 3 | [227] | |||
90 | Th | thorium | 232.0377±0.0004 | 1 | 232.04±0.01 | g | 2013[84] | |
91 | Pa | protactinium | 231.03588±0.00001 | 1 | 231.04±0.01 | 2017[85] | ||
92 | U | uranium | 238.02891±0.00003 | 1 | 238.03±0.01 | g, m | 1999[86] | |
93 | Np | neptunium | - | 3 | [237] | |||
94 | Pu | plutonium | - | 3 | [244] | |||
95 | Am | americium | - | 3 | [243] | |||
96 | Cm | curium | - | 3 | [247] | |||
97 | Bk | berkelium | - | 3 | [247] | |||
98 | Cf | californium | - | 3 | [251] | |||
99 | Es | einsteinium | - | 3 | [252] | |||
100 | Fm | fermium | - | 3 | [257] | |||
101 | Md | mendelevium | - | 3 | [258] | |||
102 | No | nobelium | - | 3 | [259] | |||
103 | Lr | lawrencium | - | 3 | [266] | |||
104 | Rf | rutherfordium | - | 3 | [267] | |||
105 | Db | dubnium | - | 3 | [268] | |||
106 | Sg | seaborgium | - | 3 | [267] | |||
107 | Bh | bohrium | - | 3 | [270] | |||
108 | Hs | hassium | - | 3 | [271] | |||
109 | Mt | meitnerium | - | 3 | [278] | |||
110 | Ds | darmstadtium | - | 3 | [281] | |||
111 | Rg | roentgenium | - | 3 | [282] | |||
112 | Cn | copernicium | - | 3 | [285] | |||
113 | Nh | nihonium | - | 3 | [286] | |||
114 | Fl | flerovium | - | 3 | [289] | |||
115 | Mc | moscovium | - | 3 | [290] | |||
116 | Lv | livermorium | - | 3 | [293] | |||
117 | Ts | tennessine | - | 3 | [294] | |||
118 | Og | oganesson | - | 3 | [294] | |||
119 | Uue | ununennium | - | |||||
120 | Ubn | unbinilium | - | |||||
121 | Ubu | unbiunium | - | |||||
122 | Ubb | unbibium | - | |||||
124 | Ubq | unbiquadium | - | |||||
126 | Ubh | unbihexium | - |
g | Geological and biological materials are known in which the element has an isotopic composition outside the limits for normal material. The difference between the atomic weight of the element in such materials and that given in the table may exceed the stated uncertainty. | |||||||
m | Modified isotopic compositions may be found in commercially available material because the material has been subjected to some undisclosed or inadvertent isotopic fractionation. Substantial deviations in atomic weight of the element from that given in the table can occur. | |||||||
r | Range in isotopic composition of normal terrestrial material prevents a more precise standard atomic weight being given; the tabulated value and uncertainty should be applicable to normal material. |
{{CIAAW2009}}
(introducing interval notation; Ge):{{CIAAW2011}}
(interval for Br, Mg):{{CIAAW2013}}
(all elements listed):{{CIAAW2015}}
(ytterbium changed):{{CIAAW2017}}
(14 values changed):{{CIAAW2021}}
(all elements listed); (4 values changed; introduced new symbol; merge "conventional" into "abridged" columns; change uncertainty notation (use "±")About notation and handling of the uncertainty in the values, including those in [ ] range values:
Outdated references |
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