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For 1,600 years, this city — Turkey’s largest — has been built and destroyed, erected and erased, as layer upon layer of life has thrived on its seven hills. Today, Istanbul is a city of 13 million, spread far beyond those hills. And on a long-farmed peninsula jutting into Lake Küçükçekmece, 13 miles west of the city center, archaeologists have made an extraordinary find.
99.181.134.88 (talk) 08:34, 25 January 2012 (UTC)
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Every time I decide to return to this article, I see that the image in the Climate has been changed. This is what I keep changing it to:
And here's the image it keeps getting changed back to:
Most of the time when I dig through the history to figure out why the image was changed, I find bullshit reasons like "there isn't fog in Istanbul", despite the fact that (a) that is not a Photoshopped image and (b) the body of the article (sourced, mind you) disputes that claim. So even if your neighborhood doesn't see a lot of fog, the source backs up the sentiment that Istanbul receives an unusually high amount of fog. As for snow, well, that hardly gets a mention in the article, because there is nothing unusual about snow for a city at Istanbul's latitude that doesn't have a Mediterranean climate. And, aside from being more relevant, the first image is clearly aesthetically superior.
But, other times, like the last time it was removed, no reason is provided at all.
This is truly infuriating. I don't expect you all to agree with everything I do, but I try to explain my edits and not to immediately revert other people's extensive edits, especially without explanation. I know someone has been long trolled this article's Climate section (for what reason, I don't know), but it's time you cut it out. I'm going give whoever is responsible for repeatedly swapping out the image an opportunity to provide some sort of rationale. I'm also going to give whoever follows this article the chance to provide some opinions about which image is preferred. Barring either of these being fulfilled, after I work on some other parts of the article, I'm going to return the superior image (the first one) to its rightful place, hopefully for the last time, and I will revert and unexplained removals on sight. -- tariqabjotu 04:45, 27 March 2012 (UTC)
Long story short: Namuslu does not like me making any major changes to sections without his permission. Generally people only take small points of disagreement to the talk page, but because Namuslu won't say what he disagrees with and simply reverts any major change I make to that section, I have to, unfortunately, use a huge portion of the talk page to compare his version with the one I have added.
Text marked in green in the second option was added, while text marked in red in the first option was removed. Text marked in gray in both options was just (noticeably) moved. Everything else (the content in normal black text) remains in the section version, albeit sometimes reworded or reordered.
Here is how the demographics section stood prior to about March 26:
Demographics
The Turkish Statistic Institute estimates that the population of Istanbul was 13,255,685 on 31 December 2010, making it the largest city in Turkey, with eighteen percent of the country's population.[1] Because of its vast land area, Istanbul is among the five largest cities proper in the world, even though its metropolitan area, roughly equivalent to the city proper's population, ranks below twentieth.[2]
Istanbul experienced explosive growth in the second half of the 20th century, with its population increasing tenfold between 1950 and 2000.[3] This growth in population comes, in part, from an expansion of city limits—particularly between 1980 and 1985, when the number of Istanbulites nearly doubled.[4] However, the remarkable growth was, and still is, largely fueled by migrants from eastern Anatolia seeking employment and improved living conditions. This has often resulted in new gecekondus (shanty towns) appearing on the outskirts of the city, although they are gradually being replaced with more modern housing complexes.[5][6] Present population growth, at the beginning of the 21st century, is placed at an average of 3.45% annually, due to the influx of people from the surrounding rural areas. Istanbul's population density of 1,700 people per square kilometer (2,700/mi2) far exceeds Turkey's 81 people per square kilometer (130/mi2).[7]
Throughout most of its history, Istanbul has been among the largest cities in the world. Its geographically strategic location, at the intersection of Europe and the Middle East, combined with its Byzantine and Ottoman political and cultural significance, quickly fostered a large, diverse population. By 500 AD, less than two centuries after Constantine the Great made the city his empire's capital, Constantinople had somewhere between 400,000 and 500,000 people, edging out its predecessor Rome for world's largest city.[8] By some accounts, it had even achieved that title by 360 AD.[9] Prior to the Fourth Crusade and the arrival of the Latin Empire in the 13th century, Constantinople jostled with other major historical cities, such as Baghdad and Chang'an, for the position of world's most populous city. Following the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, Istanbul quickly regained—and arguably exceeded—its previous prosperity and diversity. While it never returned to being the world's largest, it remained Europe's largest city until the start of the 19th century.[9] Today, it is Europe's second-largest city, after Moscow.[2]
At the beginning of the 20th century, Istanbul was a very multicultural city, with over 100,000 Greeks living in the city,[10] and over 1.5 million in Anatolia as a whole.[11] Due to their role in the Turkish economy, the ethnic Greeks of Istanbul living in the city before 30 October 1918 (the etabli) were excluded from the 1923 population exchange. However, because of the 1942 wealth tax, the 1955 Istanbul Pogrom, the 1964 expulsions[10] and the 1974 Cyprus crisis, the number of Greeks in Istanbul diminished enormously, and is today estimated to comprise around 2,000, mostly elderly, citizens.[12]
Religion
The Muslims are by far the largest religious group in Istanbul. Among them, the Sunnis form the most populous sect, while a number of the local Muslims are Alevis. In 2007 there were 2,944 active mosques in Istanbul.[13]
Religious minorities include: Greek Orthodox Christians, Armenian Christians, Syriac Oriental Orthodox Christians, Catholic Levantines and Sephardic Jews. According to the 2000 census, there were 2,691 active mosques, 123 active churches and 26 active synagogues in Istanbul; as well as 109 Muslim cemeteries and 57 non-Muslim cemeteries.[citation needed] Some districts used to have sizeable populations of these ethnic groups, such as the Kumkapı district, which had a sizeable Armenian population; the Balat district, which had a sizeable Jewish population; the Fener and Samatya districts, which had a sizeable Greek population; and some neighbourhoods in the Nişantaşı and Beyoğlu districts that had sizeable Levantine populations. Very few remain in these districts, as they either emigrated or moved to other districts. In some quarters, such as Kuzguncuk, an Armenian church sits next to a synagogue, and on the other side of the road a Greek Orthodox church is found beside a mosque.
The seat of the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople, patriarch of the autocephalous Greek Orthodox Church, is located in the Fener (Phanar) quarter. Also based in Istanbul are the archbishop of the Turkish Orthodox Church, an Armenian archbishop, and the Turkish Grand-Rabbi. A number of places reflect past movements of different communities into Istanbul, most notably Arnavutköy (Albanian village), Polonezköy (Polish village) and Yenibosna (New Bosnia).
Istanbul was the final seat of the Islamic Caliphate, between 1517 and 1924, when the Caliphate was dissolved and its powers were handed over to the Turkish Parliament. On 2 September 1925, the tekkes and tarikats were banned, as their activities were deemed incompatible with the characteristics of the secular democratic Republic of Turkey; particularly with the secular education system and the laicist state's control over religious affairs through the Religious Affairs Directorate. Most followers of Sufism and other forms of Islamic mysticism practiced clandestinely afterwards, and some of these sects still boast numerous followers. To avoid the still active prohibition, these organisations represent themselves as "cultural associations."
The city has been the seat of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople since the 4th century AD. The city is also seat of the Autocephalous Turkish Orthodox Patriarchate and the Armenian Patriarchate. The city was formerly also the seat of the reduced Bulgarian Orthodox Exarchate, before its autocephaly was recognised for a second time by other bodies of the Orthodox Church.
The everyday life of the Christians, particularly the Greeks and Armenians living in Istanbul changed significantly following the bitter conflicts between these ethnic groups and the Turks during the fall of the Ottoman Empire, which began in the 1820s and continued for a century. The conflicts reached their culmination in the decade between 1912 and 1922; during the Balkan Wars, the First World War and the Turkish War of Independence. The Christian population declined from 450,000 to 240,000 between 1914 and 1927.[14] Today, most of Turkey's remaining Greek and Armenian minorities live in or near Istanbul. The number of the local Turkish Armenians in Istanbul today amount to approximately 45,000[15] (not including the nearly 40,000 Armenian workers in Turkey who came from Armenia after 1991 and mostly live and work in Istanbul);[16] while the Greek community, which amounted to 150,000 citizens in 1924,[17] currently amounts to approximately 2,000–4,000 citizens.[15] There are also 60,000 Istanbul Greeks who currently live in Greece but continue to retain their Turkish citizenship.[15]
Sephardic red have lived in the city for over 500 years, after fleeing the Iberian Peninsula during the Spanish Inquisition of 1492, when they were forced to convert to Christianity after the fall of the Moorish Kingdom of Andalucia. The Ottoman Sultan Bayezid II (1481–1512) sent a sizable fleet to Spain under the command of Kemal Reis to save the Sephardic Jews.[citation needed] More than 200,000 Jews fled first to Tangier, Algiers, Genova, and Marseille, later to Salonica, and finally to Istanbul.[citation needed] The Sultan granted over 93,000 of these Spanish Jews to take refuge in the Ottoman Empire.[citation needed] Another large group of Sephardic Jews came from southern Italy, which was under Spanish control. The İtalyan Sinagogu (Italian Synagogue) in Galata is mostly frequented by the descendants of these Italian Jews in Istanbul.[citation needed]
Today, according to the World Jewish Congress, 23,000 Jews remain in Turkey, the vast majority being located in Istanbul.[18] There are about 20 synagogues, the most important of them being the Neve Shalom Synagogue inaugurated in 1951, in the Beyoğlu district.[citation needed]
And here is what I (so far) changed it to:
Demographics
The Turkish Statistic Institute estimates that the population of Istanbul was 13,255,685 on 31 December 2010, making it the largest city in Turkey, with eighteen percent of the country's population.[1] Because of its vast land area, Istanbul is among the five largest cities proper in the world, even though its metropolitan area, roughly equivalent to the city proper's population, ranks below twentieth.[2]
Istanbul experienced explosive growth in the second half of the 20th century, with its population increasing tenfold between 1950 and 2000.[19] This growth in population comes, in part, from an expansion of city limits—particularly between 1980 and 1985, when the number of Istanbulites nearly doubled.[4] However, the remarkable growth was, and still is, largely fueled by migrants from eastern Anatolia seeking employment and improved living conditions. The number of residents of Istanbul originating from seven northern and eastern provinces is greater than the populations of their entire respective provinces; notably, Sivas and Kastamonu each account for more than half a million residents of Istanbul. By comparison, the city's small expatriate population amounts to only 42,000 residents, based on 2007 estimates.
Present population growth is placed at an average of 3.45% annually, due to the influx of people from the surrounding rural areas. During the first seven years of the 21st century, the city's population grew by 2.5 million. Istanbul's population density of 1,700 people per square kilometer (2,700/mi2) far exceeds Turkey's 81 people per square kilometer (130/mi2).[20] The most densely populated areas tend to lie to the northwest, west, or southwest of the city center, on the European side. The most densely populated district on the Asian side is Üsküdar.
Throughout most of its history, Istanbul has been among the largest cities in the world. Its geographically strategic location, at the intersection of Europe and the Middle East, combined with its Byzantine and Ottoman political and cultural significance, quickly fostered a large, diverse population. By 500 AD, less than two centuries after Constantine the Great made the city his empire's capital, Constantinople had somewhere between 400,000 and 500,000 people, edging out its predecessor Rome for world's largest city.[21] By some accounts, it had even achieved that title by 360 AD.[9] Prior to the Fourth Crusade and the arrival of the Latin Empire in the 13th century, Constantinople jostled with other major historical cities, such as Baghdad and Chang'an, for the position of world's most populous city. Following the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, Istanbul quickly regained—and arguably exceeded—its previous prosperity and diversity. While it never returned to being the world's largest, it remained Europe's largest city until the start of the 19th century.[9] Today, it is Europe's second-largest city, after Moscow.[2]
Religious and ethnic groups
Istanbul has been a cosmopolitan city throughout much of its history, being at the crossroads of two continents and having been the heart of two world religions. Most of the religious and ethnic minorities that exist in Turkey are concentrated in Istanbul.
The vast majority of people across Turkey, and in Istanbul, consider themselves Muslim, and more specifically members of the Sunni branch of Islam. Of the Sunnis, most follow the Hanafi school of Islamic thought, although approximately ten percent of Sunni Muslims follow the Shafi'i school. The largest non-Sunni Muslim sect is the Alevis. Today, there are around three thousand active mosques across Istanbul.
For four centuries beginning in 1517, Istanbul served as the seat of what would be the final Islamic Caliphate. In 1924, the Caliphate was dissolved and its powers were handed over to the Turkish Parliament. In September 1925, the tekkes (Sufi gathering places) and tarikat (Sufi religious orders) were banned, as their activities were deemed incompatible with the characteristics of the new, secular republic. Most followers of Sufism and other forms of Islamic mysticism practiced clandestinely afterward, and some of these sects still boast numerous followers.
The Patriarch of Constantinople has been designated Ecumenical Patriarch since the 5th century. The Ecumenical Patriarch is widely regarded as the leader of the world's 300 million Orthodox Christians (although this role has been disputed by the Moscow Patriarchate). Since 1600, the Patriarchate of Constantinople has been based in Istanbul's Church of St. George. Most of Istanbul's Orthodox Christians and churches, including the Church of St. George, follow the Greek Orthodox Church, although a significant number of Christians follow the Turkish Orthodox Church or Armenian Apostolic Church, which have their own patriarchs (the Autocephalous Turkish Orthodox Patriarchate and Armenian Patriarch of Constantinople) in the city.
At the beginning of the 20th century, there were over 100,000 Greeks living in Istanbul,[10] and over 1.5 million living in Anatolia as a whole.[22] Due to their role in the Turkish economy, the ethnic Greeks of Istanbul living in the city before 30 October 1918 (the etablis) were excluded from the 1923 population exchange. However, because of the 1942 wealth tax, the 1955 Istanbul Pogrom, the 1964 expulsions[10] and the 1974 Cyprus crisis, the number of Greeks in Istanbul diminished enormously, and is today estimated to comprise between 2,000 and 4,000, mostly elderly, citizens.[15]
Istanbul used to have a sizable Armenian population, especially in the Kumkapı district, dating back to Byzantine times. Only during the 20th century did the population begin to decline, although immigrants from Armenia have recently caused it to rebound. In 2008, Istanbul's Armenian minority was numbered at 85,000, comprising 45,000 Armenian citizens of Turkey and 40,000 Armenian citizens who have immigrated to the city since 1991.[15][23] What is now the Beyoğlu district used to be home to Italians and Franco-Levantines, although these minority groups have virtually disappeared, having emigrated or moved to other districts.
Sephardi Jews have lived in the city for over five hundred years, after fleeing the Iberian Peninsula during the Spanish Inquisition. More than 200,000 Jews fled first to North Africa and Italy before arriving in Istanbul, while an additional 93,000 were rescued at the behest of Sultan Bayezid II (r. 1481–1912). Another large group of Sephardic Jews came from southern Italy, which was under Spanish control. The vast majority of the 23,000 Jews that remain in Turkey reside in Istanbul.[24] There are about twenty synagogues, the largest and most important of them being the Neve Shalom Synagogue (built in 1951) in the Beyoğlu district.[citation needed]
Now, let me (sigh) go through my rationale behind every deletion.
So, based on the above points, here’s what I suggest as a final product. In purple are things changed in accordance with these above points.
Demographics
The Turkish Statistic Institute estimates that the population of Istanbul was 13,255,685 on 31 December 2010, making it the largest city in Turkey, with eighteen percent of the country's population.[1] Because of its vast land area, Istanbul is among the five largest cities proper in the world, even though its metropolitan area, roughly equivalent to the city proper's population, ranks below twentieth.[2]
Istanbul experienced explosive growth in the second half of the 20th century, with its population increasing tenfold between 1950 and 2000.[25] This growth in population comes, in part, from an expansion of city limits—particularly between 1980 and 1985, when the number of Istanbulites nearly doubled.[4] However, the remarkable growth was, and still is, largely fueled by migrants from eastern Anatolia seeking employment and improved living conditions. The number of residents of Istanbul originating from seven northern and eastern provinces is greater than the populations of their entire respective provinces; notably, Sivas and Kastamonu each account for more than half a million residents of Istanbul. By comparison, the city's small expatriate population amounts to only 42,000 residents, based on 2007 estimates.
Present population growth is placed at an average of 3.45% annually, due to the influx of people from the surrounding rural areas. During the first seven years of the 21st century, the city's population grew by 2.5 million. Istanbul's population density of 1,700 people per square kilometer (2,700/mi2) far exceeds Turkey's 81 people per square kilometer (130/mi2).[26] The most densely populated areas tend to lie to the northwest, west, or southwest of the city center, on the European side. The most densely populated district on the Asian side is Üsküdar.
Throughout most of its history, Istanbul has been among the largest cities in the world. Its geographically strategic location, at the intersection of Europe and the Middle East, combined with its Byzantine and Ottoman political and cultural significance, quickly fostered a large, diverse population. By 500 AD, less than two centuries after Constantine the Great made the city his empire's capital, Constantinople had somewhere between 400,000 and 500,000 people, edging out its predecessor Rome for world's largest city.[27] By some accounts, it had even achieved that title by 360 AD.[9] Prior to the Fourth Crusade and the arrival of the Latin Empire in the 13th century, Constantinople jostled with other major historical cities, such as Baghdad and Chang'an, for the position of world's most populous city. Following the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, Istanbul quickly regained—and arguably exceeded—its previous prosperity and diversity. While it never returned to being the world's largest, it remained Europe's largest city until the start of the 19th century.[9] Today, it is Europe's second-largest city, after Moscow.[2]
Religious and ethnic groups
Istanbul has been a cosmopolitan city throughout much of its history, being at the crossroads of two continents and having been the heart of two world religions. Most of the religious and ethnic minorities that exist in Turkey are concentrated in Istanbul.
The vast majority of people across Turkey, and in Istanbul, consider themselves Muslim, and more specifically members of the Sunni branch of Islam. Of the Sunnis, most follow the Hanafi school of Islamic thought, although approximately ten percent of Sunni Muslims follow the Shafi'i school. The largest non-Sunni Muslim sect is the Alevis. Today, there are around three thousand active mosques across Istanbul.
For four centuries beginning in 1517, Istanbul served as the seat of what would be the final Islamic Caliphate. In 1924, the Caliphate was dissolved and its powers were handed over to the Turkish Parliament. In September 1925, the tekkes (Sufi gathering places) and tarikat (Sufi religious orders) were banned, as their activities were deemed incompatible with the characteristics of the new, secular republic. Most followers of Sufism and other forms of Islamic mysticism practiced clandestinely (as "cultural associations") afterward, and some of these sects still boast numerous followers.
The Patriarch of Constantinople has been designated Ecumenical Patriarch since the 5th century. The Ecumenical Patriarch is widely regarded as the leader of the world's 300 million Orthodox Christians (although this role has been disputed by the Moscow Patriarchate). Since 1600, the Patriarchate of Constantinople has been based in Istanbul's Church of St. George. Most of Istanbul's Orthodox Christians and churches, including the Church of St. George, follow the Greek Orthodox Church, although a significant number of Christians follow the Turkish Orthodox Church or Armenian Apostolic Church, which have their own patriarchs (the Autocephalous Turkish Orthodox Patriarchate and Armenian Patriarch of Constantinople) in the city. However, the Christian population today is much lower than it used to be, having dropped from 450,000 to 240,000 between 1914 and 1927, as a series of wars plagued the outgoing empire and the new republic.
At the beginning of the 20th century, there were over 100,000 Greeks living in Istanbul,[10] especially in the Fener and Samatya quarters, and over 1.5 million living in Anatolia as a whole.[28] Due to their role in the Turkish economy, the ethnic Greeks of Istanbul living in the city before 30 October 1918 (the etablis) were excluded from the 1923 population exchange. However, because of the 1942 wealth tax, the 1955 Istanbul Pogrom, the 1964 expulsions[10] and the 1974 Cyprus crisis, the number of Greeks in Istanbul diminished enormously, and is today estimated to comprise between 2,000 and 4,000, mostly elderly, citizens.[15]
Istanbul used to have a sizable Armenian population, especially in the Kumkapı district, dating back to Byzantine times. Only during the 20th century did the population begin to decline, although immigrants from Armenia have recently caused it to rebound. In 2008, Istanbul's Armenian minority was numbered at 85,000, comprising 45,000 Armenian citizens of Turkey and 40,000 Armenian citizens who have immigrated to the city since 1991.[15][29] A number of places reflect past immigration of different communities into Istanbul; most notable among them are Arnavutköy (Albanian village), Polonezköy (Polish village), and Yenibosna (New Bosnia). What is now the Beyoğlu district also used to be home to Italians and Franco-Levantines, but these minority groups have virtually disappeared, having emigrated or moved to other districts.
Sephardi Jews have lived in the city, especially in the Balat district, for over five hundred years, after fleeing the Iberian Peninsula during the Spanish Inquisition. More than 200,000 Jews fled first to North Africa and Italy before arriving in Istanbul, while an additional 93,000 were rescued at the behest of Sultan Bayezid II (r. 1481–1912). Another large group of Sephardic Jews came from southern Italy, which was under Spanish control. The vast majority of the 23,000 Jews that remain in Turkey reside in Istanbul.[30] There are about twenty synagogues, the largest and most important of them being the Neve Shalom Synagogue (built in 1951) in the Beyoğlu district.[citation needed]
I also think a bit can be said about the Kurdish minority, and that a few of those specific details about the causes of Greek decline could be removed, but I'm not going to expend huge amounts of energy to change the information only to have it blanket reverted again. -- tariqabjotu 12:48, 27 March 2012 (UTC)
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Hallo
I think that the transportation section is becoming fully disproportionate and is too large with respect to the article. A lot of information could be moved to the related article. Bye, Alex2006 (talk) 05:12, 2 April 2012 (UTC)
An image used in this article, File:Istiklal Avenue in Istanbul on 3 June 2007.jpg, has been nominated for deletion at Wikimedia Commons in the following category: Deletion requests April 2012
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In the process of updating the Transportation section to account for the city's new metro line, I've found myself unable to source the point about the Istanbul LRT. From what I can tell, although the M1 is noted as a light-rail line [in Turkish], all of the lines that start with M are considered part of the Metro (see the map). Further, no such "light rail" designation is made for the T4 line. Searching for "Istanbul LRT" or "Istanbul Hafif Metro" or something like that seems to draw up nothing, so my question is, is there a source that can confirm that the Istanbul LRT is a real thing? Otherwise, I'm just going to combine the information about the M1 with the metro information. -- tariqabjotu 12:16, 20 August 2012 (UTC)
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