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Chemical compound From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Silicotungstic acid or tungstosilicic acid is a heteropoly acid with the chemical formula H4[SiW12O40]. It forms hydrates H4[SiW12O40]·nH2O. In freshly prepared samples, n is approximately 29, but after prolonged desiccation, n = 6.[1] It is a white solid although impure samples appear yellow. It is used as a catalyst in the chemical industry.[2]
Names | |
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Other names
Tungstosilicic acid | |
Identifiers | |
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3D model (JSmol) |
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ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.206.333 |
PubChem CID |
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UNII |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
H4[SiW12O40] | |
Molar mass | 2878.2 g/mol |
Appearance | White solid |
Melting point | 53 °C (127 °F; 326 K) |
Structure | |
0 D | |
Hazards | |
GHS labelling: | |
Danger | |
H314, H315, H319, H335, H412 | |
P260, P261, P264, P271, P273, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P312, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, P403+P233, P405, P501 | |
Flash point | Non-flammable |
Related compounds | |
Related heteropoly acids |
Phosphotungstic acid |
Related compounds |
Tungsten trioxide Tungstic acid |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Silicotungstic acid is used to manufacture ethyl acetate by the alkylation of acetic acid by ethylene:
It has also been commercialized for the oxidation of ethylene to acetic acid:[2]
This route is claimed as a "greener" than methanol carbonylation. The heteropoly acid is dispersed on silica gel at 20-30 wt% to maximize catalytic ability.
It has also recently been proposed as a mediator in production of hydrogen through electrolysis of water by a process that would reduce the danger of explosion while allowing efficient hydrogen production at low current densities, conducive to hydrogen production using renewable energy.[3]
The free acid is produced by combining sodium silicate and tungsten trioxide followed treatment of the mixture with hydrochloric acid.[1][4] The polyoxo cluster adopts a Keggin structure, with Td point group symmetry.
Silicotungstic acid is an irritating and odorless substance.
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