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List of municipalities in New Brunswick

List of municipalities in New Brunswick, a province of Canada From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

List of municipalities in New Brunswick

New Brunswick is the eighth-most populous province in Canada, with 775,610 residents as of the 2021 census, and the third-smallest province by land area, at 71,248.50 km2 (27,509.20 sq mi).[1] New Brunswick's 104 municipalities,[2] as of 2021, covered only 10.9% of the province's land mass but were home to 69.5% of its population.

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Location of New Brunswick in Canada
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Distribution of New Brunswick's 107 municipalities and rural communities by municipal status type, before 2023 reforms

Local governments in New Brunswick may be incorporated under the Local Governance Act of 2017.[3] Local governments include municipalities – cities, towns, and villages – as well as rural communities and regional municipalities.[4] Municipal governments are led by elected councils and are responsible for the delivery of services such as civic administration, land use planning, emergency measures, policing, road, and garbage collection.[5]

In 1785, Saint John became the first community in what would eventually become Canada to be incorporated as a city.[6] Moncton is New Brunswick's largest municipality by population, with 79,470 residents, and Saint John is the largest urban municipality by land area, at 315.59 km2 (121.85 sq mi).[7] As of 2021, approximately one-third of the residents of New Brunswick did not live in municipalities but resided in local service districts, which were unincorporated communities administered by the Minister of Environment and Local Government and had no local government of their own.[5]

Beginning in 2021, the government of New Brunswick launched a local governance reform, which eventually saw the local service districts dissolved in 2023, with their territory assigned to cities, towns, villages, rural communities or rural districts.[8] The same reforms reduced the number of municipalities to 77.[9]

Prior to the reforms, New Brunswick had 8 cities, 26 towns, 61 villages, 1 regional municipality, and 8 rural communities.[5][10] Following the reforms, New Brunswick has 8 cities, 30 towns, 21 villages, 17 rural communities, and 1 regional municipality.[11]

Cities

Main article: List of cities in New Brunswick

The Lieutenant-Governor in Council may incorporate an area as a city under the Local Governance Act if it has a population of at least 10,000.[3] Cities already in existence on January 1, 1967, continue to be incorporated regardless of population.[3] New Brunswick had eight cities that had a cumulative population of 293,928 in the 2021 Census.[7] Moncton is New Brunswick's largest city by population with 79,470 residents and Saint John is the largest by land area 315.59 km2 (121.85 sq mi) respectively.[7] Campbellton is New Brunswick's smallest city by population and land area with 7,047 residents and 18.57 km2 (7.17 sq mi).[7]

Towns

The Lieutenant-Governor in Council may incorporate an area as a town under the Local Governance Act if it has a population of at least 1,500 and provides a level of services that the Minister of Local Government and Local Governance Reform considers appropriate.[3] Towns already in existence on January 1, 1967, continue to be incorporated regardless of population.[3]

Prior to implementation of the 2023 local governance reforms, New Brunswick had 26 towns that had a cumulative population of 133,350 in the 2021 Census.[7] New Brunswick's largest town by population is Riverview with 20,584 residents and largest town by area was Sackville with a land area of 73.91 km2 (28.54 sq mi).[7] New Brunswick's smallest town by population was Hartland with 933 residents and the smallest by land area was Saint-Quentin at 4.24 km2 (1.64 sq mi).[7] The number of towns increased to 30 in 2023 upon implementation of the local governance reforms.[11]

Villages

Prior to implementation of the 2023 local governance reforms, New Brunswick's 61 villages had a cumulative population of 71,186 as of the 2021 Census.[7] New Brunswick's largest village by population was Memramcook with 5,029 residents and largest village by area was Belledune with a land area of 189.18 km2 (73.04 sq mi).[7] New Brunswick's smallest village by population was Meductic with 180 residents and the smallest by land area was Saint-Louis de Kent at 1.98 km2 (0.76 sq mi).[7] The number of villages decreased to 21 in 2023 upon implementation of the local governance reforms.[11]

Regional municipalities

The Lieutenant-Governor in Council may incorporate an area as a regional municipality under the Local Governance Act if there is a population of at least 15,000 and at least one existing municipality. New Brunswick's first and only regional municipality was incorporated on May 12, 2014.[12] The Regional Municipality of Tracadie was formed through the amalgamation of the former Town of Tracadie–Sheila, eighteen local service districts and portions of two other local service districts.[12] Regional municipalities must have a population greater than 15,000 and a community grouping that includes at least one municipality.[5] Regional municipalities elect a local council but are responsible only for community administration, planning and emergency measures services, and all services previously provided by any former municipality that is now part of the regional municipality.[5] The Province of New Brunswick is responsible for police protection and road services, unless the regional municipality chooses to assume these responsibilities.[5]

Rural communities

Prior to implementation of the 2023 local governance reforms, New Brunswick had eight rural communities that had a cumulative population of 24,842 in the 2021 Census.[7] New Brunswick's largest and smallest rural communities were Beaubassin East and Campobello Island with populations of 6,718 and 949 respectively.[7] The number of rural communities increased to seventeen in 2023 upon implementation of the local governance reforms.[11]

Rural communities elect local councils and are responsible for the delivery of some local services, including administrative services, community planning and emergency measures.[5] The province of New Brunswick ensures the delivery of other services including solid waste collection and recreation services unless the rural community chooses to take on these responsibilities.[5] Rural communities that include a former village or town are an exception, as they are responsible to provide all services that were previously provided by their former municipality.[5]

Lists of municipalities

Pre-2023 local governance reform

  • Thumb
    Skyline of Moncton, New Brunswick's largest municipality
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    Skyline of Saint John, New Brunswick's second largest municipality
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    Skyline of Fredericton, New Brunswick's capital city and third-largest municipality
More information Name, Municipal type ...
List of municipalities in New Brunswick
Name Municipal type County[7] Incorporation
date[13]		 2021 Census of Population[7]
Population
(2021)		 Population
(2016)		 Change
 Land area
(km2)		 Population
density
(/km2)
Bathurst CityGloucester191212,15711,897+2.2%91.62132.7
Campbellton CityRestigouche18887,0476,883+2.4%18.57379.5
Dieppe CityWestmorland195228,11425,384+10.8%77.02365.0
Edmundston CityMadawaska195216,43716,580−0.9%106.84153.8
Fredericton CityYork184863,11658,721+7.5%133.93471.3
Miramichi CityNorthumberland199517,69217,537+0.9%178.9898.8
Moncton CityWestmorland189079,47071,889+10.5%140.67564.9
Saint John CitySaint John178569,89567,575+3.4%315.59221.5
Tracadie Regional municipalityGloucester2014[14]16,04316,114−0.4%516.5531.1
Beaubassin East Rural communityWestmorland1995[15]6,7186,376+5.4%291.0223.1
Campobello Island Rural communityCharlotte2010[16]949872+8.8%39.5924.0
Cocagne Rural communityKent2014[17]2,7572,649+4.1%69.2339.8
Hanwell Rural communityYork2014[18]4,7434,700+0.9%152.0631.2
Haut-Madawaska Rural communityMadawaska2017[19]3,7203,714+0.2%611.556.1
Kedgwick Rural communityRestigouche2012[20]1,9861,964+1.1%649.363.1
Saint-André Rural communityMadawaska2006[21]1,7941,901−5.6%136.1913.2
Upper Miramichi Rural communityNorthumberland2008[22]2,1752,218−1.9%1,832.971.2
Beresford TownGloucester19674,2944,288+0.1%19.24223.2
Bouctouche TownKent19662,5132,361+6.4%18.33137.1
Caraquet TownGloucester19614,2854,248+0.9%68.1362.9
Dalhousie TownRestigouche19053,2233,126+3.1%15.12213.2
Florenceville-Bristol TownCarleton20081,5731,604−1.9%15.7499.9
Grand Bay-Westfield TownKings19984,9674,964+0.1%59.8283.0
Grand Falls TownVictoria18905,2205,326−2.0%18.04289.4
Hampton TownKings19664,3954,289+2.5%20.97209.6
Hartland TownCarleton1918933957−2.5%9.5098.2
Lamèque TownGloucester19661,3011,285+1.2%12.40104.9
Nackawic TownYork1976962941+2.2%7.68125.3
Oromocto TownSunbury19569,0459,223−1.9%22.36404.5
Quispamsis TownKings196618,76818,245+2.9%56.97329.4
Richibucto TownKent19661,4111,266+11.5%11.90118.6
Riverview TownAlbert197320,58419,667+4.7%34.10603.6
Rothesay TownKings198811,97711,659+2.7%34.59346.3
Sackville TownWestmorland19036,0995,331+14.4%73.9182.5
Saint Andrews TownCharlotte19032,0481,786+14.7%8.35245.3
Saint-Léonard TownMadawaska19201,3221,300+1.7%5.34247.6
Saint-Quentin TownRestigouche19472,1412,194−2.4%4.24505.0
Shediac TownWestmorland19037,5356,664+13.1%64.00117.7
Shippagan TownGloucester19472,6722,580+3.6%9.96268.3
St. George TownCharlotte19041,5791,517+4.1%16.1797.6
St. Stephen TownCharlotte1973[a]4,5104,415+2.2%13.72328.7
Sussex TownKings19044,4404,282+3.7%8.90498.9
Woodstock TownCarleton18565,5535,228+6.2%14.96371.2
Alma VillageAlbert1966282213+32.4%47.645.9
Aroostook VillageVictoria1966313306+2.3%2.23140.4
Atholville VillageRestigouche19663,2903,570−7.8%119.5827.5
Balmoral VillageRestigouche19721,6031,674−4.2%43.3337.0
Bas-Caraquet VillageGloucester19661,3111,305+0.5%30.9342.4
Bath VillageCarleton1966440476−7.6%2.00220.0
Belledune VillageRestigouche19681,3251,417−6.5%189.187.0
Bertrand VillageGloucester19681,1531,166−1.1%57.0120.2
Blacks Harbour VillageCharlotte1972907894+1.5%9.02100.6
Blackville VillageNorthumberland1966914958−4.6%20.9743.6
Cambridge-Narrows VillageQueens1966715562+27.2%106.796.7
Canterbury VillageYork1966320336−4.8%5.3260.2
Cap-Pelé VillageWestmorland19692,503[23]2,425+3.2%22.96109.0
Centreville VillageCarleton1966508557−8.8%2.67190.3
Charlo VillageRestigouche19661,3231,310+1.0%31.4542.1
Chipman VillageQueens19661,2011,104+8.8%19.0063.2
Doaktown VillageNorthumberland1966808792+2.0%29.0927.8
Dorchester VillageWestmorland19669061,096−17.3%5.71158.7
Drummond VillageVictoria1967729737−1.1%8.8882.1
Eel River Crossing VillageRestigouche19661,8441,953−5.6%65.2628.3
Fredericton Junction VillageSunbury1966719704+2.1%23.8530.1
Gagetown VillageQueens1966787711+10.7%49.3216.0
Grand Manan VillageCharlotte19952,5952,360+10.0%150.5617.2
Grande-Anse VillageGloucester1968731899−18.7%24.2730.1
Harvey VillageYork1966402358+12.3%2.46163.4
Hillsborough VillageAlbert19661,3481,277+5.6%12.81105.2
Lac Baker VillageMadawaska1967685690−0.7%37.2418.4
Le Goulet VillageGloucester1986749793−5.5%5.40138.7
Maisonnette VillageGloucester1986535495+8.1%12.9141.4
McAdam VillageYork19661,1731,151+1.9%14.1982.7
Meductic VillageYork1966180215−16.3%6.2628.8
Memramcook VillageWestmorland19955,0294,778+5.3%186.6426.9
Millville VillageYork1966274273+0.4%12.1422.6
Minto VillageQueens19662,2342,305−3.1%31.3671.2
Neguac VillageNorthumberland19671,6921,684+0.5%26.7263.3
New Maryland VillageYork19914,1534,174−0.5%21.25195.4
Nigadoo VillageGloucester1967997963+3.5%7.65130.3
Norton VillageKings19661,4101,382+2.0%75.3518.7
Paquetville VillageGloucester1966718720−0.3%9.2677.5
Perth-Andover VillageVictoria19661,5741,590−1.0%8.96175.7
Petitcodiac VillageWestmorland19661,4761,383+6.7%17.1885.9
Petit-Rocher VillageGloucester19661,9541,897+3.0%4.52432.3
Plaster Rock VillageVictoria19661,0021,023−2.1%3.01332.9
Pointe-Verte VillageGloucester1966865886−2.4%13.7662.9
Port Elgin VillageWestmorland1922381408−6.6%2.65143.8
Rexton VillageKent1966874830+5.3%6.29139.0
Riverside-Albert VillageAlbert1966348350−0.6%3.39102.7
Rivière-Verte VillageMadawaska1966744724+2.8%6.91107.7
Rogersville VillageNorthumberland19661,1931,166+2.3%7.19165.9
Saint-Antoine VillageKent1966[b]1,7911,733+3.3%6.32283.4
Sainte-Anne-de-Madawaska VillageMadawaska1966891957−6.9%8.9799.3
Sainte-Marie-Saint-Raphaël VillageGloucester1966820879−6.7%15.8451.8
Saint-Isidore VillageGloucester1978810764+6.0%22.9435.3
Saint-Léolin VillageGloucester1966615647−4.9%19.7331.2
Saint-Louis de Kent VillageKent1986981856+14.6%1.98495.5
Salisbury VillageWestmorland19662,3872,284+4.5%13.56176.0
St. Martins VillageSaint John1966320276+15.9%2.35136.2
Stanley VillageYork1966397412−3.6%16.9323.4
Sussex Corner VillageKings19661,4581,461−0.2%9.32156.4
Tide Head VillageRestigouche1966951938+1.4%19.3449.2
Tracy VillageSunbury1966610608+0.3%29.4420.7
Sub-total cities 293,928276,466+6.3% 1,063.22 276.5
Sub-total regional municipalities 16,04316,114−0.4% 516.55 31.1
Sub-total rural communities 24,84224,394+1.8% 3,781.97 6.6
Sub-total towns 133,350128,746+3.6% 644.44 206.9
Sub-total villages 71,24870,855+0.6% 1,769.24 40.3
Total municipalities 539,411516,575+4.4% 7,775.42 69.4
Province of New Brunswick 775,610747,101+3.8% 71,248.50 10.9
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Post-2023 local governance reform

More information Name, Municipal type ...
List of municipalities in New Brunswick
Name[11] Municipal type[11] Regional service commission[24] Incorporation[13][11]
Alnwick Rural communityGreater Miramichi2023
Arcadia VillageCapital Region2023
Bathurst[c] CityChaleur1912
Beaurivage TownKent2023
Beausoleil[d] Rural communityKent2023
Belle-Baie TownChaleur2023
Belledune[e] VillageChaleur1968
Bois-Joli VillageRestigouche2023
Butternut Valley Rural communityKings2023
Campbellton CityRestigouche1888
Campobello Island[f] Rural communitySouthwest2010
Cap-Acadie TownSoutheast2023
Caraquet TownAcadian Peninsula1961
Carleton North TownWestern Valley2023
Central York Rural communityCapital Region2023
Champdoré TownKent2023
Dieppe[g] CitySoutheast1952
Doaktown[h] VillageGreater Miramichi1966
Eastern Charlotte Rural communitySouthwest2023
Edmundston CityNorthwest1952
Five Rivers[i] VillageKent2023
Fredericton[j] CityCapital Region1848
Fredericton Junction[k] VillageCapital Region1966
Fundy Albert VillageSoutheast2023
Fundy Shores Rural communitySouthwest2023
Fundy-St. Martins[l] VillageFundy2023
Grand Bay-Westfield[m] TownFundy1998
Grand-Bouctouche[n] TownKent1966
Grand Falls TownNorthwest1890
Grand Lake VillageCapital Region2023
Grand Manan[o] VillageSouthwest1995
Hampton[p] TownFundy1966
Hanwell[q] Rural communityCapital Region2014
Hartland[r] TownWestern Valley1918
Harvey Rural communityCapital Region1966
Haut-Madawaska TownNorthwest2017
Hautes-Terres TownAcadian Peninsula2023
Heron Bay TownRestigouche2023
Île-de-Lamèque TownAcadian Peninsula2023
Kedgwick[s] Rural communityRestigouche2012
Lakeland Ridges VillageWestern Valley2023
Maple Hills Rural communitySoutheast2023
McAdam[t] VillageSouthwest1966
Memramcook[u] VillageSoutheast1995
Miramichi[v] CityGreater Miramichi1995
Miramichi River Valley Rural communityGreater Miramichi2023
Moncton[w] CitySoutheast1890
Nackawic-Millville Rural communityCapital Region2023
Nashwaak Rural communityCapital Region2023
Neguac[x] VillageAcadian Peninsula1967
New Maryland[y] VillageCapital Region1991
Nouvelle-Arcadie[z] VillageKent2023
Oromocto[aa] TownCapital Region1956
Quispamsis[ab] TownFundy1966
Riverview[ac] TownSoutheast1973
Rivière-du-Nord TownAcadian Peninsula2023
Rothesay[ad] TownFundy1988
Saint Andrews[ae] TownSouthwest1903
Saint John[af] CityFundy1785
Saint-Quentin[ag] TownNorthwest1947
Salisbury TownSoutheast1966
Shediac[ah] TownSoutheast1903
Shippagan TownAcadian Peninsula1947
Southern Victoria VillageWestern Valley2023
St. Stephen[ai] TownSouthwest1973
Strait Shores Rural communitySoutheast2023
Sunbury-York South Rural communityCapital Region2023
Sussex TownKings1904
Tantramar TownSoutheast2023
Three Rivers[aj] VillageSoutheast2023
Tobique Valley[ak] VillageWestern Valley2023
Tracadie[al] Regional municipalityAcadian Peninsula2014
Tracy[am] VillageCapital Region1966
Upper Miramichi[an] Rural communityGreater Miramichi2008
Vallée-des-Rivières TownNorthwest2023
Valley Waters[ao] VillageKings2023
Woodstock[ap] TownWestern Valley1856
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See also

Notes

  1. St. Stephen was incorporated as a town in 1871 and amalgamated with Milltown in 1973 to form St. Stephen-Milltown; the name reverted to St. Stephen in 1975.[13]
  2. Incorporated as St. Anthony but the name was changed to Saint-Antoine in 1969.[13]
  3. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Bathurst.[11]
  4. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Cocagne and its renaming to Beausoleil.[11]
  5. The 2023 local governance reform did not affect Saint John.[11]
  6. The 2023 local governance reform did not affect Campobello Island.[11]
  7. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Dieppe.[11]
  8. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Doaktown.[11]
  9. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Rexton and its renaming to Five Rivers.[11]
  10. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Fredericton.[11]
  11. The 2023 local governance reform did not affect Ferdericton Junction.[11]
  12. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to St. Martins and its renaming to Fundy-St. Martins.[11]
  13. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Grand Bay-Westfield.[11]
  14. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Bouctouche and its renaming to Grand-Bouctouche.[11]
  15. The 2023 local governance reform did not affect Grand Manan.[11]
  16. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Hampton.[11]
  17. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Hanwell.[11]
  18. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Hartland.[11]
  19. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Kedgwick.[11]
  20. The 2023 local governance reform did not affect McAdam.[11]
  21. The 2023 local governance reform did not affect Memramcook.[11]
  22. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Miramichi.[11]
  23. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Moncton.[11]
  24. The 2023 local governance reform did not affect Neguac.[11]
  25. The 2023 local governance reform did not affect New Maryland.[11]
  26. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Rogersville and its renaming to Nouvelle-Arcadie.[11]
  27. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Oromocto.[11]
  28. The 2023 local governance reform did not affect Quispamsis.[11]
  29. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Riverview.[11]
  30. The 2023 local governance reform did not affect Rothesay.[11]
  31. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Saint Andrews.[11]
  32. The 2023 local governance reform did not affect Saint John.[11]
  33. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Saint-Quentin.[11]
  34. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Shediac.[11]
  35. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to St. Stephen and the change of its official legal name from Town of St. Stephen to Municipal District of St. Stephen.[11]
  36. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Petitcodiac and its renaming to Three Rivers.[11]
  37. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Plaster Rock and its renaming to Tobique Valley.[11]
  38. The 2023 local governance reform did not affect Tracadie.[11]
  39. The 2023 local governance reform did not affect Tracy.[11]
  40. The 2023 local governance reform did not affect Upper Miramichi.[11]
  41. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Norton and its renaming to Valley Waters.[11]
  42. The 2023 local governance reform only involved the annexation of adjacent unincorporated lands to Woodstock.[11]

References

External links

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