Rana Sanga's invasion of Gujarat

In 1520 Rana Sanga, the Rana of Mewar, led Rajput armies of Kingdom of Mewar and its vassal states to invade the Gujarat Sultanate. He reinstated Raimal Rathore as the Rao of Idar and defeated the Gujarat forces under the command of Nizam Khan. Rana Sanga drove the army of Muzaffar II deep into Gujarat and chased them up to Ahmedabad.^[2] The Sultan of Gujarat was forced to flee to Muhammadabad.^{[3][page needed][4]} After a series of successful military campaigns Sanga successfully captured Northern Gujarat.^{[5][page needed]}

Rajput invasion of Gujarat
Part of Rajput-Gujarat Sultanate wars
Date 1520 Location Gujarat, India Result Rajput victory Territorial changes Northern Gujarat annexed by Sanga Idar conquered by Rana Sanga Idar given to Rao Rai Mal Rathore
Belligerents
Kingdom of Mewar [1] Vassal states: Kingdom of Marwar Idar State Kingdom of Vagad	Gujarat Sultanate
Commanders and leaders
Rana Sanga Rao Ganga Ajja Jhala Rawal Udai Singh of Vagad Rao Viram deo Rathore of Merta Rai Mal Rathore Haridas Kesaria	Muzaffar Shah II Nizam Khan-ul-mulk (WIA)

Background

The growing power of Mewar was seen as a threat by the Sultan of Gujarat. They had previously had disputes due to the succession of the state of Idar. In 1519 the two claimants of Idar, Raimal and Bharmal both sought the support of Sanga and Muzaffar II, leading to the invasion of Idar by the Gujarat forces, who were supporting Bharmal.^[2]

Battle

Upon knowing of the invasion, Rana Sanga immediately came to the support of Raimal Rathore and a battle was fought in Idar where the Sultans forces were defeated by the Rana. The Gujarat army were pushed back as far as Ahmedabad.^[2]

Aftermath

Northern Gujarat was successfully absorbed into Rajput Confederacy after the invasion.^{[5][page needed]} This defeat led to the alliance between the sultanates of Gujarat, Malwa and Delhi against Mewar. The two Sultans of Malwa and Gujarat led their forces to Mandsaur where they failed to take the fort and were forced to retreat. The sultan of Delhi tried to annex Ajmer but was defeated at Ranthambore by Sanga.^[2]

References

1. R.C Majumdar (1960). The History and Culture of the Indian People: Volume 6. Bhartiya Vidya Bhavan. p. 344. Mewar were considerably extended. On the north, they were pushed up as far as the Bayana River. In the east, Raisen, Sarangpur, Bhilsa, Kalpi and Chanderi, were included within her territories. In the south, Dungarpur and Banswara were held by a vassal, and her frontiers ran far into the heart of Malwa. To the south-west, Sirohi was ruled by the Rana's son-in-law. Even the chiefs of Marwar and Amber, according to Tod, acknowledged his allegiance
2. Hooja, Rima (2006). "The State of Mewar, AD 1500 - AD 1600". A History of Rajasthan. Rupa & Company. p. 451. ISBN 9788129108906. Retrieved 16 September 2020.
3. Maharana Sanga by Har Bilas Sarda
4. J. Chaube (1975). History of Gujarat Kingdom, 1458-1537. Munshiram Manoharlal. p. 147. ISBN 978-0-88386-573-6.
5. Majumdar, R. C., ed. (1967). History and Culture of the Indian People, Volume 06, The Delhi Sultanate. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.