Pilanpo
Figure in Chinese folk religion From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Vilambā (Chinese: 毗蓝婆; Chinese: 毗藍婆; pinyin: Pílánpó; Wade–Giles: P'i²-lan²-puo²) is a bodhisattva and rakshasi in Mahayana Buddhism and the mother of Maori Xingguan in Chinese folk religion.[1][2][3] According to Volume 7 of the Lotus Sūtra, Vilambā is one of the Ten Rākṣasīs who protect the Dharma.[4]
| Vilambā | |
|---|---|
| Sanskrit | Vilambā |
| Chinese | 毗藍婆 (Pinyin: pílánpó) 離結 (Pinyin: lijié) |
| Japanese | 毗藍婆 (romaji: biranba) 離結 (romaji: rikechi) |
| Korean | 비람파 (RR: birampa) 이결 (RR: igyeol) |
| Vietnamese | Tỳ lam bà Li kết |
| Information | |
| Venerated by | Mahāyāna and Chinese folk religion
|
| Religion portal | |
Origin
According to belief, Vilambā is a shapeshifter whose true form is a hen. Since hens and peacocks are seen as related through the phoenix (fenghuang), she is considered to be a relative of the bodhisattva and former peacock Mahamayuri, the godmother of the Buddha. Her son Maori Xingguan is a rooster and star deity (昴日星官, the Sun Rooster of Hairy Head).[2] She is sometimes equated with Ākāśagarbha, a bodhisattva of the great element (mahābhūta) of space (ākāśa).
Iconography
The Ten Rākṣasīs vary in appearance based on locale and textual tradition. One canonical text, the Law of the Ten Rākṣasīs of the Lotus (法華十羅剎法; pinyin: fǎhuá shíluóshā fǎ; Japanese: hokke-jūrasetunyo-hō) stands out with its description of the physical features of the goddesses. Alternative forms tend to stem from Japanese Buddhist art manuals or local traditions throughout Asia.
According to the Law of the Ten Rākṣasīs of the Lotus, Vilambā has a form like that of a full moon, akin to a dragon king. She is thus inclined toward the great ocean. Her garments are green (碧緑) and her face is white. She stands before a mirror. She controls the wind and clouds with her right hand and holds a mala in her left hand. Alternatively, she holds a pair of cymbals.
In Lotus Sūtra
In Chapter 7, the "Dharani" section in the twenty-sixth chapter of the Lotus Sutra:
At that time, there were ten rakshasis named Lambā, Vilambā, Kūṭadantī, Puṣpadantī, Makuṭadantī, Keśinī, Acalā, Mālādhāri, Kuntī, and Sarvasattvojohārī. These ten rakshasis, along with the mother of all rakshasas, her son, and their entourage, all came to the Buddha and spoke with one voice: "World-Honored One, we also wish to protect those who read, recite, and uphold the Lotus Sutra. We will remove their misfortunes. If anyone seeks to harm these teachers, we will prevent them from succeeding."
— Lotus Sūtra, Chapter 7
In Journey to the West
Summarize
Perspective
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In Journey to the West, after Tang Sanzang and his disciples are defeated by the poison tea of the Hundred-Eyed Demon King, who possesses a thousand eyes that radiate brilliant golden light to confuse his enemies and victims, Sun Wukong flees from the demon and encounters Lishan Laomu.[5]
On the instructions of Lishan Laomu, Sun Wukong requests help from Vilambā, who eventually subdues and captures the demon king. Vilambā said that she had been living low-key for over 300 years since she last attended the Yulan Festival. She had kept her name incognito, never went out, and no one knew about her. When she asked Sun Wukong how he knew about her existence, he refused to answer. According to Vilambā, the demon king's radiant golden light is so powerful that even the Buddha could not defeat it. Vilambā uses an embroidery needle to do so, which was not made of iron or steel but was extracted by her son from his own eyes. After the demon king is subdued, Vilambā sends him to guard Thousand Flowers Cave.[6]
In Chapter 73 of the commentary on Journey to the West by Taoist Chen Shibin of the Qing Dynasty, it is explained that Lishan Laomu is familiar with the Hundred-Eyed Demon King, which refers to the pure yin consciousness containing poisonous flames. On the other hand, Vilambā carries the yang energy, similar to Ziyun Mountain in the Cave of Thousand Flowers, and radiates the brilliance of the sun, revealing light.[7]
The Yuan zaju or operatic version text of The Journey to the West styles Vilambā as the friend of the Queen Mother of the West, Princess Iron Fan and Lishan Laomu.
References
Sources
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