Nuragic civilization
Archaeological culture in Sardinia / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Nuragic civilization,[1][2] also known as the Nuragic culture, formed in the Mediterranean island of Sardinia, Italy in the Bronze Age. According to the traditional theory put forward by Giovanni Lilliu in 1966, it developed after multiple migrations from the West of people related to the Beaker culture who conquered and disrupted the local Copper Age cultures; other scholars instead hypothesize an autochthonous origin.[3] It lasted from the 18th century BC [4] (Middle Bronze Age), or from the 23rd century BC,[5][6] up to the Roman colonization in 238 BC.[7][8][9] Others date the culture as lasting at least until the 2nd century AD,[10] and in some areas, namely the Barbagia, to the 6th century AD,[11][12] or possibly even to the 11th century AD.[6][13]
The adjective "Nuragic" is neither an autonym nor an ethnonym. It derives from the island's most characteristic monument, the nuraghe, a tower-fortress type of construction the ancient Sardinians built in large numbers starting from about 1800 BC.[14] Today, more than 7,000 nuraghes dot the Sardinian landscape.[lower-alpha 1]
No written records of this civilization have been discovered,[17] apart from a few possible short epigraphic documents belonging to the last stages of the Nuragic civilization.[18] The only written information there comes from classical literature of the Greeks and Romans, and may be considered more mythical than historical.[19]