Muhammad Ahmad
Sudanese religious and political leader (1844–1885) / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Muhammad Ahmad bin Abdullah bin Fahal (Arabic: محمد أحمد بن عبد الله بن فحل; 12 August 1843 – 21 June 1885) was a Sudanese religious and political leader. In 1881, he claimed to be the Mahdi, and led a war against Egyptian rule in Sudan which culminated in a remarkable victory over them in the Siege of Khartoum. He created a vast Islamic state extending from the Red Sea to Central Africa, and founded a movement that remained influential in Sudan a century later.[1]
This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (May 2022) |
Muhammad Ahmad | |
---|---|
Imam Mahdi | |
In office 1881–1885 | |
Preceded by | Position established |
Succeeded by | Abdallahi ibn Muhammad 'Khalifa' |
Personal details | |
Born | (1843-08-12)12 August 1843 Labab Island, Dongola, Turco-Egyptian Sudan |
Died | 21 June 1885(1885-06-21) (aged 41) Khartoum, Mahdist State |
Cause of death | Typhus |
Resting place | The Mahdi's tomb, Omdurman, Sudan |
Occupation |
|
Title | Mahdi |
Personal | |
Religion | Islam |
Denomination | Sunni |
Jurisprudence | Maliki |
Main interest(s) | Fiqh, Tafsir |
Tariqa | Sammāniyya |
From his announcement of the Mahdist State in June 1881 until its end in 1898,[2] the Mahdi's supporters, the Ansār, established many of its theological and political doctrines. After Muhammad Ahmad's unexpected death from typhus on 22 June 1885, his chief deputy, Abdallahi ibn Muhammad took over the administration of the nascent Mahdist State.
The Mahdist State, weakened by his successor's autocratic rule and inability to unify the populace to resist the British blockade and subsequent war, was dissolved following the Anglo-Egyptian conquest of Sudan in 1899. Despite that, the Mahdi remains a respected figure in the history of Sudan. In the late 20th century, one of his direct descendants, Sadiq al-Mahdi, twice served as prime minister of Sudan (1966–1967 and 1986–1989), and pursued pro-democracy policies.[1]