Mediterranean Revival is an architectural style introduced in the United States, Canada , and certain other countries in the 19th century. It incorporated references to Spanish Renaissance , Spanish Colonial , Italian Renaissance , French Colonial , Beaux-Arts , Moorish architecture , and Venetian Gothic architecture .
The Breakers Hotel in Palm Beach , Florida is a grand example of Mediterranean Revival style Peaking in popularity during the 1920s and 1930s, the movement drew heavily on the style of palaces and seaside villas and applied them to the rapidly expanding coastal resorts of Florida and California.
Structures are typically based on a rectangular floor plan, and feature massive, symmetrical primary façades. Stuccoed walls, red tiled roofs, windows in the shape of arches or circles, one or two stories, wood or wrought iron balconies with window grilles, and articulated door surrounds are characteristic.[1] [2] Keystones were occasionally employed. Ornamentation may be simple or dramatic. Lush gardens often appear.
The style was most commonly applied to hotels, apartment buildings, commercial structures, and residences. Architects August Geiger and Addison Mizner were foremost in Florida, while Bertram Goodhue , Sumner Spaulding , and Paul Williams were in California.[ citation needed ]
There are also examples of this architectural style in Cuba , such as the Hotel Nacional de Cuba , in Havana .[ citation needed ]
Pasadena City Hall in California is also an example of the City Beautiful fashionLocated in Miami Beach , and built in 1927 to house the Washington Storage Company, the Mediterranean Revival building opened to the public as a museum and research center in 1995. AdventHealth Celebration , Celebration, Florida, opened in 1997Allouez Pump House in Allouez, Wisconsin, 1925Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles, California, 1921 (demolished)Beverly Hills City Hall , Beverly Hills, California, 1932Beverly Shores Railroad Station , 1928Boca Raton Resort & Club in Boca Raton, Florida, completed in 1926Cà d'Zan , former John Ringling estate in Sarasota, Florida, completed in 1926Casa Casuarina (Versace Mansion, now known as The Villa By Barton G.) in Miami Beach, Florida, 1930Catalina Casino in Avalon, California, completed May 29, 1929Coco Plum Woman's Club in Coral Gables, Florida, built in 1926Cooley High School , Detroit, Michigan, built in 1928Plymouth County Hospital , a tuberculosis sanatorium in Hanson, Massachusetts. Completed in 1919Delaware and Hudson Passenger Station in Lake George, New York, 1909–1911Don CeSar Hotel, St. Pete Beach, Florida, completed in 1928E. W. Marland Mansion in Ponca City, Oklahoma, completed in 1928The Church of Scientology's Flag Building , Clearwater, Florida, completed in 2011
Florida Theatre in Jacksonville, Florida, completed in 1927Fort Harrison Hotel in Clearwater, Florida, completed in 1926Francis Marion Stokes Fourplex in Portland, Oregon, completed in 1926Freedom Tower in Miami, Florida, completed in 1925Santa Fe Railway depot in Fullerton, California, completed 1930Gaia Apartment Building in Berkeley , California, 2001
Greenacres (former Harold Lloyd Estate ) in Beverly Hills, California, completed in 1928
Harder Hall Hotel , Sebring, Florida , completed in 1928Hayes Mansion in San Jose, California, completed in 1905The Hillview in Hollywood, California , completed in 1917[3] Knowles Memorial Chapel , Winter Park, Florida, built in 1932L. Ron Hubbard House , Washington, D.C., built in 1904Miami-Biltmore Hotel in Coral Gables, Florida, completed in 1926Miami Senior High School , in Miami, Florida, established in 1903Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County in Los Angeles, California, 1913Nottingham Cooperative , 1927, Madison, WisconsinPalm Beach Hotel , Palm Beach, Florida, built in 1925Pasadena City Hall in Pasadena, California, 1927Port Washington Fire Engine House in Wisconsin, completed in 1929Presidio building in San Francisco, California, completed in 1912Rose Crest Mansion (Currently a portion of The Mary Louis Academy ) in Jamaica Estates, New York, completed in 1909
Snell Arcade in St. Petersburg, Florida. 1925Stuart Court Apartments , Richmond, Virginia, completed in 1926Sunrise Theatre , Fort Pierce, Florida, built in 1922The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror in Walt Disney World, Orlando, Florida. 1994Town Club (Portland, Oregon) , completed 1931Villa Vizcaya in Miami, Florida, completed in 1914Vinoy Park Hotel in St. Petersburg, Florida, completed in 1925William J. Burns House , in Sarasota, Florida, built in 1927Wolfsonian-FIU , in Miami Beach, Florida, 1927
Gustafson, Lee and Phil Serpico (1999). Santa Fe Coast Lines Depots: Los Angeles Division . Palmdale, CA: Acanthus Press. ISBN 0-88418-003-4 Newcomb, Rexford (1992). Mediterranean Domestic Architecture for the United States . New York: Hawthorne Printing Company. ISBN 0-926494-13-9 Nolan, David (1995). The Houses of St. Augustine . Sarasota, Pineapple Press.
Nylander, Justin A. (2010). Casas to Castles: Florida's Historic Mediterranean Revival Architecture . Schiffer Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7643-3435-1 Signor, John R. (1997). Southern Pacific Lines: Pacific Lines Stations . Vol. 1. Pasadena, CA: Southern Pacific Historical and Technical Society. ISBN 0-9657208-4-5 
