Manuela Sáenz
Ecuadorian revolutionary heroine (1797–1856) / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Manuela Sáenz de Vergara y Aizpuru (Quito, Viceroyalty of New Granada, 27 December 1797 – Peru, 23 November 1856) was an Ecuadorian revolutionary heroine of South America who supported the revolutionary cause by gathering information, distributing leaflets and protesting for women's rights. Manuela received the Order of the Sun ("Caballeresa del Sol" or 'Dame of the Sun'), honoring her services in the revolution.
Manuela Sáenz | |
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1st First Lady of Colombia | |
In office 17 June 1822 – 4 May 1830 | |
President | Simón Bolívar |
Preceded by | Position established |
Succeeded by | Juana Jurado Bertendona |
6th First Lady of Peru | |
In office 10 February 1824 – 28 January 1827 | |
President | Simón Bolívar |
Preceded by | Mariana Carcelén |
Succeeded by | Francisca Cernadas |
1st First Lady of Bolivia | |
In office 12 August – 29 December 1825 | |
President | Simón Bolívar |
Preceded by | Position established |
Succeeded by | Mariana Carcelén |
Personal details | |
Born | Manuela Sáenz de Vergara y Aizpuru (1797-12-27)27 December 1797 Quito, Viceroyalty of New Granada |
Died | 28 September 1856(1856-09-28) (aged 58) Paita, Peru |
Spouse | James Thorne (married 1817 – estranged 1822) |
Domestic partner | Simón Bolívar (1822–1830) |
Occupation | Revolutionary and spy |
Signature | |
Sáenz married a wealthy English doctor in 1817 and became a socialite in Lima, Peru. This provided the setting for involvement in political and military affairs, and she became active in support of revolutionary efforts. Leaving her husband in 1822, she soon began an eight-year collaboration and intimate relationship with Simón Bolívar that lasted until his death in 1830. After she prevented an 1828 assassination attempt against him and facilitated his escape, Bolívar began to call her "Libertadora del libertador" ("liberator of the liberator"). In an unknown letter she wrote, she claimed that "the Liberator is immortal," despite the fact that she was responsible for his survival.[1] Manuela's role in the revolution after her death was generally overlooked until the late twentieth century, but now she is recognized as a feminist symbol of the 19th century wars of independence.