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Excitation of a quantum system via magnetism From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Magnetic resonance is a process by which a physical excitation (resonance) is set up via magnetism.
The present page holds the title of a primary topic, and an article needs to be written about it. It is believed to qualify as a broad-concept article. It may be written directly at this page or drafted elsewhere and then moved to this title. Related titles should be described in Magnetic resonance, while unrelated titles should be moved to Magnetic resonance (disambiguation). |
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This process was used to develop magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMRS) technology.
It is also being used to develop nuclear magnetic resonance quantum computers.
The first observation of electron-spin resonance was in 1944 by Y. K. Zavosky, a Soviet physicist then teaching at Kazan State University (now Kazan Federal University). Nuclear magnetic resonance was first observed in 1946 in the US by a team led by Felix Bloch at the same time as a separate team led by Edward Mills Purcell, the two of whom would later be the 1952 Nobel Laureates in Physics.[1][2][3]
A natural way to measure the separation between two energy levels is to find a measurable quantity defined by this separation and measure it. However, the precision of this method is limited by measurement precision and thus may be poor.
Alternatively, we can set up an experiment in which the system's behavior depends on the energy level. If we apply an external field of controlled frequency, we can measure the level separation by noting at which frequency a qualitative change happens: that would mean that at this frequency, the transition between two states has a high probability. An example of such an experiment is a variation of Stern–Gerlach experiment, in which magnetic moment is measured by finding resonance frequency for the transition between two spin states.[4][5]
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