This list of the prehistoric life of Rhode Island contains the various prehistoric life-forms whose fossilized remains have been reported from within the US state of Rhode Island.
The Paleobiology Database records no known occurrences of Precambrian fossils in Rhode Island.
- †Adeloblatta
- †Adeloblatta gorhami – type locality for species
- †Anthracomartus
- †Anthracomartus woodruffi – type locality for species
- †Aphelomylacris – tentative report
- †Aphelomylacris modesta – type locality for species
- †Discoblatta
- †Discoblatta scholfieldi – type locality for species
- †Dysmenes
- †Dysmenes illustris – type locality for species
- †Etoblattina
- †Etoblattina exilis – type locality for species
- †Gyroblatta
- †Gyroblatta clarki – type locality for species
- †Gyroblatta scapularis – type locality for species
- †Heolus – type locality for genus
- †Heolus providentiae – type locality for species
- †Microblattina – type locality for genus
- †Microblattina perdita – type locality for species
- †Mylacris
- †Mylacris packardii – type locality for species
- †Paralogus – type locality for genus
- †Paralogus aeschnoides – type locality for species
- †Phyloblatta
- †Phyloblatta latebricola – type locality for species
- †Polycreagra – type locality for genus
- †Polycreagra elegans – type locality for species
- †Pseudetoblattina
- †Pseudetoblattina reliqua – type locality for species
- †Rhaphidiopsis – type locality for genus
- †Rhaphidiopsis diversipenna – type locality for species
- †Xenoblatta
- †Xenoblatta fraterna – type locality for species
The Paleobiology Database records no known occurrences of Mesozoic fossils in Rhode Island.