List of African American newspapers in Minnesota

This is a list of African American newspapers that have been published in the state of Minnesota. It includes both current and historical newspapers. The first such newspaper published in Minnesota was the Western Appeal, established in 1885.^[1] African American newspapers currently published in Minnesota include Insight News and the Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder.

Front page of the Western Appeal from June 13, 1885.

Newspapers

City	Title	Beginning	End	Frequency	Call numbers	Remarks
Minneapolis and Saint Paul	Afro-American Advance[2] / The Afro-American Advance[3]	1899[2]	1905[2]	Weekly[2]	LCCN 2011254021, sn86058061 OCLC 707541811, 13353098	Available online Formed by merger of Colored Citizen and Twin-City American.[3]
Saint Paul	Afro-Independent	1888[4]	?[4]	Weekly[4]	LCCN sn86058058 OCLC 13351837	Available online Edited by Charles S. Sweed.[4]
Minneapolis	The Twin-City American	1899[5]	1899[5]	Weekly[5]	LCCN sn86058062 OCLC 13353065	Available online Published by Jay Moses Griffin.[5] Merged with the Colored Citizen to form the Afro-American Advance.[5]
Saint Paul	Western Appeal / Appeal (1889–1924)[6]	1885[7]	1924[7]	Weekly[7]	ISSN 2163-7083 LCCN sn83016811, 2013254362 OCLC 10153837, 732734928	Available online (Western Appeal) Available online (Appeal)
Minneapolis	The Banner	1962[8]	1963?[8]	Weekly[8]	LCCN sn90059706 OCLC 21569346	Published by Edwin A. Hayden.[9]
Minneapolis[10]	The Colored Citizen	1899[11]	1899[3]	Weekly[11]		No issues survive.[12] Merged with the Twin City American to form the Afro-American Advance in 1899.[3]
Minneapolis	Twin Cities Courier	1966[13]	1986[13]	Weekly[13]	ISSN 0300-6603 LCCN sn7804217 OCLC 1343402	Published by Mary J. Kyle.[13]
Saint Paul	The St. Paul Echo	1925[14]	1927[14]	Weekly[14]	LCCN sn90059272, sn94081608 OCLC 1645574, 32229718	Available online
Saint Paul	Globe News	1939[15]	?[15]	Weekly[15]	LCCN sn90059293 OCLC 21465595
Saint Paul	The Grand Selby Digest	1971[16]	?[16]	Monthly newspaper[16]	LCCN sn90059298 OCLC 23612957	"Serving the Summit-University, Crocus Hill, Lexington-Hamline Communities."[17] Published by Eloise Adams.[17]
Saint Paul	The Twin City Guardian	1895[18]	1923[18]	Weekly[18]	LCCN sn83045427 OCLC 1767883	Available online Published by Jacob R. Steiner.
Saint Paul	Insight / Insight News	1964?[19]	current	Weekly[20]	ISSN 1535-4679 LCCN 2001215064 OCLC 26238177, 29579855, 26238267	Official site Issues available online Multiple local editions published.[21]
Minneapolis	Twin City Leader or Twin-City Leader[22]	1940[23]	1941[23]	Weekly[23]	LCCN sn90060425 OCLC 1767884
Minneapolis	Twin-City Herald	1927[24]	1940[24]	Weekly[24]	LCCN sn90060227 OCLC 1623725	Edited by J.E. Perry.[24]
Minneapolis	The Minnesota Messenger / The Minneapolis Messenger (1921–1922)[25]	1922[26]	1924[27]	Weekly[27]	LCCN sn90060138, sn90060139 OCLC 1758214, 22601503	Published by Charles Sumner Smith and Hamlet B. Rowe.[26]
Minneapolis	The National Advocate	1916[28]	1924?[28]	Weekly[28]	LCCN sn90060154 OCLC 1759021	Available online Published by R.B. Montgomery.[28]
Saint Paul	The Negro World	1892[29]	1900s[29]	Weekly[29]	LCCN 2013254337, sn86058057 OCLC 846507878, 13351538	Available online
Minneapolis and Saint Paul	The Negro World	1892[30]	?[30]	Weekly[30]	LCCN sn86058057 OCLC 13351538	Published by Joseph Houser.[30]
Minneapolis[31] and Saint Paul[32]	Northwest Monitor	1930[31]	1931[31]	Weekly[31]	LCCN sn90060180 OCLC 22283057	Published by William F. Helm.[31]
Saint Paul	The Northwestern Bulletin	1922[33]	1924[33]	Weekly[33]	LCCN sn90060931 OCLC 1764889	Available online
Saint Paul	The Northwestern Bulletin-Appeal	1924[34]	1925[34]	Weekly[34]	LCCN sn90060932 OCLC 1716490	Available online
Minneapolis	Northwestern-Vine	1901[35]	1905[35]	Weekly[35]	LCCN sn90060184 OCLC 1757651	Available online
Minneapolis	The Minneapolis Observer	1890[36]	1891[36]	Weekly[36]	LCCN sn86058064 OCLC 13353485	Available online Published by A.G. Plummer.[37]
Minneapolis	Twin City Observer	1943[38]	1976[38]	Weekly[38]	LCCN sn83016844 OCLC 1716569	Published by Milton Williams.[39]
Minneapolis	The Protest	1892[40]	1892[40]	Weekly[40]	LCCN sn90060335 OCLC 22368814	Available online
Saint Paul	St. Paul Recorder	1934[41]	2000[42]	Weekly[41]	LCCN sn83016804 OCLC 1715473	Merged with Minneapolis Spokesman to become Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder.
Minneapolis	Minneapolis Spokesman	1934[43]	2000[43]	Weekly[43]	LCCN sn83025247 OCLC 1715036	Followed by Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder.[43]
Minneapolis	Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder	2000[44]	current	Weekly[45]	LCCN sn00058014 OCLC 43310423	Official site Formed by the merger of Minneapolis Spokesman and St. Paul Recorder.[44]
Minneapolis	The Twin City Star	1910[46]	?[46]	Weekly[46]	LCCN sn90060427 OCLC 1767887	Available online Published by Charles Sumner Smith.[47]
Saint Paul	Summit University Free Press	1974[48]	?[48]	Monthly newspaper[48]	LCCN sn90059631 OCLC 21893618, 3267065	Edited by Mazi Johnson.[48]
Saint Paul	Saint Paul Sun	1941[49]	1976[49]	Weekly[49]	LCCN sn84025909 OCLC 1714837
Minneapolis	The Timely Digest	1931[50]	1932[50]	Monthly newspaper[50]	OCLC 32479513	Edited by Cecil E. Newman.[50]
Minneapolis	The World	1896[51]	1897[51]	Weekly[51]	LCCN sn90059173 OCLC 1567082	Available online Edited by A.G. Plummer.[51] Published by P.O. Gray.[51] Also published in Duluth.[52]

See also

• List of African American newspapers and media outlets
• List of African American newspapers in Iowa
• List of African American newspapers in Wisconsin
• List of newspapers in Minnesota

Works cited

• Danky, James Philip; Hady, Maureen E., eds. (1998). African-American newspapers and periodicals : a national bibliography. Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674007888.
• Pride, Armistead Scott; Wilson, Clint C. (1997). A History of the Black Press. Howard University Press. ISBN 9780882581927.
• Smith, Jessie Carney (2012). Black Firsts: 4,000 Ground-Breaking and Pioneering Historical Events. Visible Ink Press. ISBN 9781578593699.

References

1. Smith 2012, p. 409.
2. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 23, ¶ 232.
3. "About The Afro-American advance. [online resource] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1899-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-10.
4. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 28, ¶ 279.
5. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 573, ¶ 5989.
6. "About The appeal. [online resource] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1889-1923". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-10.
7. "About Western appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1885-18??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-10.
8. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 59, ¶ 607.
9. "About The banner. (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1962-196?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-10.
10. "New Publications". National Newspaper Directory and Gazetteer. Pettingill & Company. 1899. p. 739.
11. American Newspaper Directory, Volume 32, Issue 3. 1900. p. 508. COLORED CITIZEN; Saturdays; negro; four pages 18x24; subscription $1.25; established 1899; Colored Citizen Publishing Company, editors and publishers.
12. "African American Newspapers in Minneapolis and St. Paul, 1885-1925". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved 2020-01-11.
13. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 573, ¶ 5982.
14. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 539, ¶ 5618.
15. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 250, ¶ 2618.
16. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 255, ¶ 2678.
17. "About The Grand Selby digest. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1971-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-10.
18. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 573, ¶ 5984.
19. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 300, ¶ 3157.
20. "About Insight. (St. Paul, Minn.) 19??-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-10.
21. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 300.
22. "About Twin-City leader. (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1940-1941". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-10.
23. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 573, ¶ 5985.
24. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 574, ¶ 5990.
25. "About The Minneapolis messenger. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1921-1922". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-10.
26. "About The Minnesota messenger. (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1922-1924". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-10.
27. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 367, ¶ 3832.
28. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 387, ¶ 4039.
29. "About The Negro world. [online resource] (St. Paul, Minn. ;) 1892-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-10.
30. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 403, ¶ 4202.
31. "About Northwest monitor. (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1930-1931". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-10.
32. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 432, ¶ 4497.
33. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 432, ¶ 4499.
34. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 432, ¶ 4500.
35. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 433, ¶ 4502.
36. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 366, ¶ 3829.
37. "About The Minneapolis observer. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1890-1???". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-10.
38. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 573, ¶ 5986.
39. "About Twin City observer. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1943-1976". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-10.
40. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 476, ¶ 4966.
41. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 539, ¶ 5619.
42. "About St. Paul recorder. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1934-2000". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-10.
43. "About Minneapolis spokesman. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1934-2000". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-10.
44. "About Minnesota spokesman-recorder. (Minneapolis, MN) 2000-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-10.
45. "Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder". Minnesota Digital Newspaper Hub. Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved 2020-01-11.
46. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 573, ¶ 5988.
47. "About The Twin City star. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1910-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-10.
48. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 548, ¶ 5715.
49. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 499, ¶ 5206.
50. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 561, ¶ 5861.
51. Danky & Hady 1998, p. 621, ¶ 6489.
52. "About The world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1895-1???". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-10.