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Chemical compound From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Lead(II) perchlorate is a chemical compound with the formula Pb(ClO4)2·xH2O, where is x is 0,1, or 3. It is an extremely hygroscopic white solid that is very soluble in water.[1]
Trihydrate | |
Names | |
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Other names
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Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.033.736 |
EC Number |
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PubChem CID |
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UN number | 1470 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
Pb(ClO4)2 | |
Molar mass | 406.10 g/mol |
Appearance | White solid |
Density | 2.6 g/cm3 |
Boiling point | 250 °C (482 °F; 523 K) (decomposes) |
256.2 g/100 ml (25 °C) | |
Vapor pressure | 0.36 Torr (trihydrate) |
Hazards | |
GHS labelling: | |
H272, H302, H332, H360Df, H373, H410 | |
P210, P260, P273, P301+P312, P304+P340, P308+P313 | |
Related compounds | |
Other cations |
Mercury(II) perchlorate; Tin(II) perchlorate; Cadmium perchlorate |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Lead perchlorate trihydrate is produced by the reaction of lead(II) oxide, lead carbonate, or lead nitrate by perchloric acid:
The excess perchloric acid was removed by first heating the solution to 125 °C, then heating it under moist air at 160 °C to remove the perchloric acid by converting the acid to the dihydrate. The anhydrous salt, Pb(ClO4)2, is produced by heating the trihydrate to 120 °C under water-free conditions over phosphorus pentoxide. The trihydrate melts at 83 °C.[1] The anhydrous salt decomposes into lead(II) chloride and a mixture of lead oxides at 250 °C.[1][2] The monohydrate is produced by only partially dehydrating the trihydrate, and this salt undergoes hydrolysis at 103 °C.[3]
The solution of anhydrous lead(II) perchlorate in methanol is explosive.[1]
Lead perchlorate has a high nucleon density, making it a viable detector for hypothetical proton decay.[4]
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