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Jeanne d'Albret
Queen of Navarre from 1555 to 1572 / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Jeanne d'Albret (Basque: Joana Albretekoa; Occitan: Joana de Labrit; 16 November 1528 – 9 June 1572), also known as Jeanne III, was Queen of Navarre from 1555 to 1572.
Jeanne III | |
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![]() Portrait by François Clouet, 1570 | |
Queen of Navarre | |
Reign | 25 May 1555 – 9 June 1572 |
Coronation | 18 August 1555 at Pau |
Predecessor | Henry II |
Successor | Henry III |
Co-ruler | Antoine (1555–1562) |
Co-Princess of Andorra | |
Reign | 1555–1572 |
Predecessor | Henry II |
Successor | Henry III |
Co-rulers | See
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Born | 16 November 1528[1] Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Kingdom of France |
Died | 9 June 1572(1572-06-09) (aged 43) Paris, Kingdom of France |
Burial | Ducal Church of collégiale Saint-Georges, Vendôme |
Spouses | |
Issue more... | |
House | Albret |
Father | Henry II of Navarre |
Mother | Margaret of Angoulême |
Religion | Reformed (Huguenot), prev. Roman Catholic |
Signature |
Jeanne was the daughter of Henry II of Navarre and Margaret of Angoulême. In 1541, she married William, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg. The marriage was annulled in 1545. Jeanne married a second time in 1548, to Antoine de Bourbon, Duke of Vendôme. They had two surviving children, Henry and Catherine.
When her father died in 1555, Jeanne and Antoine ascended the Navarrese throne. They reigned as joint rulers until Antoine died from battle wounds in 1562. Jeanne was the acknowledged spiritual and political leader of the French Huguenot movement,[2] and a key figure in the French Wars of Religion. After her public conversion to Calvinism in 1560, she joined the Huguenot side. During the first and second war she remained relatively neutral, but in the third war she fled to La Rochelle, becoming the de facto leader of the Huguenot-controlled city. After negotiating a peace treaty with the French queen mother Catherine de' Medici and arranging the marriage of her son, Henry, to Catherine's daughter Marguerite, Jeanne died suddenly in Paris. Her son succeeded her as Henry III and later became the first Bourbon king of France as Henry IV.
Jeanne was the last active ruler of Navarre. Her son inherited her kingdom, but as he was constantly leading the Huguenot forces, he entrusted the government of Béarn to his sister, Catherine, who held the regency for more than two decades. In 1620, Jeanne's grandson Louis XIII annexed Navarre to the French crown.