Guangxu Emperor
Emperor of China from 1875 to 1908 / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dear Wikiwand AI, let's keep it short by simply answering these key questions:
Can you list the top facts and stats about Guangxu?
Summarize this article for a 10 year old
The Guangxu Emperor (14 August 1871 – 14 November 1908),[1] also known by his temple name Emperor Dezong of Qing, personal name Zaitian,[2] was the tenth emperor of the Qing dynasty,[3] and the ninth Qing emperor to rule over China proper. His reign was largely dominated by his maternal aunt Empress Dowager Cixi. He initiated the radical Hundred Days' Reform but was abruptly stopped when the Empress Dowager launched a coup in 1898, after which he was held under virtual house arrest until his death.
Guangxu Emperor 光緒帝 | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Emperor of the Qing dynasty | |||||||||||||||||
Reign | 25 February 1875 – 14 November 1908 | ||||||||||||||||
Predecessor | Tongzhi Emperor | ||||||||||||||||
Successor | Xuantong Emperor | ||||||||||||||||
Regent | Empress Dowager Ci'an (1875–1881) Empress Dowager Cixi (1875–1908) | ||||||||||||||||
Born | (1871-08-14)14 August 1871 (同治十年 六月 二十八日) Prince Chun's Mansion, Beijing | ||||||||||||||||
Died | 14 November 1908(1908-11-14) (aged 37) (光緒三十四年 十月 二十一日) Hanyuan Temple, Yingtai Island, Zhongnan Lakes, Beijing | ||||||||||||||||
Burial | Chong Mausoleum, Western Qing tombs | ||||||||||||||||
Consort | |||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||
House | Aisin-Gioro | ||||||||||||||||
Dynasty | Qing | ||||||||||||||||
Father | Yixuan, Prince Chunxian of the First Rank | ||||||||||||||||
Mother | Yehe-Nara Wanzhen |
Guangxu Emperor | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Traditional Chinese | 光緒帝 | ||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 光绪帝 | ||||||||||
| |||||||||||
Following the death of the Tongzhi Emperor in 1875, Empress Dowager Cixi installed her four-year-old nephew as emperor, in contravention of Qing's dynastic custom. The Guangxu Emperor began to rule in his own right in 1889 upon Cixi's semi-retirement, although the Empress Dowager continued to influence state affairs. His early personal reign saw Qing's defeat in the First Sino-Japanese War that led to the Treaty of Shimonoseki, as well as the German lease of Jiaozhou Bay and a series of other concessions to foreign powers. In the wake of these events, the Emperor launched the Hundred Days' Reform in an attempt to push through sweeping political, legal and social changes. The reforms faced significant opposition from the Qing bureaucracy and were ultimately reversed after Cixi, with the support of Yuan Shikai and Ronglu, mounted a coup in late 1898 and took over the government.
The Guangxu Emperor was effectively removed from power following the coup. He died at the age of 37 in November 1908, a day before Cixi's death, and the throne passed to his nephew Puyi.