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Naval gun From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The EOC 12 inch 45 calibre gun were various similar 12-inch wire-wound naval guns designed and manufactured by Elswick Ordnance Company to equip ships that the parent company Armstrong Whitworth built and/or armed for several countries before World War I.
EOC 12 inch 45-calibre naval gun 12"/45 41st Year Type | |
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![]() 41st Year Type on Mikasa | |
Type | Naval gun |
Place of origin | United Kingdom |
Service history | |
In service | 1906–1952 |
Used by | United Kingdom Brazil Empire of Japan |
Wars | World War I |
Production history | |
Designer | Elswick Ordnance Company |
Specifications | |
Barrel length | Bore 45 feet (13.716 m) (45 cal) |
Shell | 850 pounds (385.6 kg) |
Calibre | 12-inch (304.8 mm) |
Muzzle velocity | 2,700 feet per second (823 m/s) - 2,800 feet per second (853 m/s) |
Maximum firing range | 18,850 yards (17,240 m) |
Elswick supplied its 12-inch 45-calibre guns for the Minas Geraes-class battleships completed by itself and Vickers in 1910 for Brazil.
When World War I began, Elswick were completing the battleship Sultân Osmân-ı Evvel for the Ottoman Empire, originally begun as Rio de Janeiro for Brazil. It was armed with 14 of a slightly later version of Elswick's 12-inch 45-calibre guns. The battleship was completed as HMS Agincourt and served in the Royal Navy in World War I, with its guns designated BL 12 inch Mk XIII.[1] The gun's performance was similar to the standard Royal Navy equivalent gun, the BL 12 inch Mk X designed by Vickers.
Elswick supplied its 12-inch 45-calibre guns to the Imperial Japanese Navy, and they were also manufactured under licence in Japan. In Japanese service from 1908 they became 12"/45 41st Year Type and later after the navy metricised in 1917, 30 cm/45 41st Year Type. They equipped the following ship classes:
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