Draft:History of Israeli Intelligence Community
Brief history of Israeli Intelligence Community / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The history of Israel's intelligence services dates back to 1929, during the British Mandate in Palestine, many years before the declaration of an independent Jewish state. Conflicts with the Arab population, as well as contradictions with the British authorities, required intelligence assessment to prevent militant attacks on Jewish settlements and to ensure the illegal immigration of Jews into Palestine. It was at this time that the first Jewish intelligence service, the Shai, was established.
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After the declaration of the State of Israel in 1948, the intelligence services were reorganized along British lines. As a result, the prototypes of the modern Israeli intelligence services emerged: Shin Bet (Hebrew שירות הביטחון הכללי) and AMAN (Hebrew אגף המודיעין) under the Ministry of Defense and the Political Directorate under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The establishment of the first foreign residences began.
Numerous tensions between the military and political intelligence services led to their reorganization according to American lines in 1951. It was then that the legendary Mossad (Hebrew המוסד למודיעין ולתפקידים מיוחדים) was created, reporting directly to the Prime Minister and eventually gaining the power of the KGB and CIA. Isser Harel, who headed the Mossad from 1952-1963, also supervised all other intelligence services and became the No. 2 man in the state.
In 1957, the Lekem Bureau was established to protect nuclear facilities, as well as nuclear and then high-tech espionage. The bureau was later disbanded.
The history of Israeli intelligence is marked by both brilliant operations (the Eichmann's kidnapping, the infiltration of high-level illegal aliens, the recruitment of high-ranking officials, the liquidation of terrorists, the prevention of terrorist attacks) and serious problems (the "blindness" on the eve of the Yom Kippur War, the assassination of Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, the failure of agents, unsuccessful sabotage).
To this day, Israeli Intelligence Community remains one of the most famous and influential in the world, and the three main services: Mossad, Shin Bet and AMAN continue to function successfully, despite some crises, and protect the state interests and security of Israel.