Jiuzhen (Vietnamese: Cửu Chân, Chinese: 九真) was a Chinese commandery within Jiaozhou. It is located in present-day Thanh Hóa Province, Vietnam.
Michel Ferlus (2012) and Frédéric Pain (2020) propose that 九真 Old Chinese *kuˀ-cin transcribed *k.cin, a local autonym which is reflected in Puoc ksiːŋ muːl & Thavung ktiːŋ² meaning "human being, people". Both ksiːŋ and ktiːŋ² are from Proto-Vietic *kciːŋ, which consists of prefix *k- and root *ciɲ (“leg, foot”); thus, "human beings" are "(those who are) on foot", "those who stand on their feet."[1][2]
Pain further suggests that "Cửu Chân might therefore have been inhabited by some ancestors of the Southern Vietic Thavung - Aheu."[2]
History
In 111 BC, Jiuzhen was formed after the Han conquest of Nanyue.[3]
In 157, Chu Đạt rebelled in Jiuzhen and was defeated.[4]
In 377, Li Xun seized Jiuzhen.[5]
References
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