Striatum
Nucleus in the basal ganglia of the brain / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dear Wikiwand AI, let's keep it short by simply answering these key questions:
Can you list the top facts and stats about Corpus striatum?
Summarize this article for a 10 year old
The striatum (pl.: striata) or corpus striatum[5] (also called the striate nucleus) is a nucleus (a cluster of neurons) in the subcortical basal ganglia of the forebrain. The striatum is a critical component of the motor and reward systems; receives glutamatergic and dopaminergic inputs from different sources; and serves as the primary input to the rest of the basal ganglia.
Striatum | |
---|---|
Details | |
Part of | Basal ganglia[1] Reward system[2][3] |
Parts | Ventral striatum[2][3][4] Dorsal striatum[2][3][4] |
Identifiers | |
Latin | striatum |
MeSH | D003342 |
NeuroNames | 225 |
NeuroLex ID | birnlex_1672 |
TA98 | A14.1.09.516 A14.1.09.515 |
TA2 | 5559 |
FMA | 77616 77618, 77616 |
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy |
Functionally, the striatum coordinates multiple aspects of cognition, including both motor and action planning, decision-making, motivation, reinforcement, and reward perception.[2][3][4] The striatum is made up of the caudate nucleus and the lentiform nucleus.[6][7] However, some authors believe it is made up of caudate nucleus, putamen, and ventral striatum.[8] The lentiform nucleus is made up of the larger putamen, and the smaller globus pallidus.[9] Strictly speaking the globus pallidus is part of the striatum. It is common practice, however, to implicitly exclude the globus pallidus when referring to striatal structures.
In primates, the striatum is divided into the ventral striatum and the dorsal striatum, subdivisions that are based upon function and connections. The ventral striatum consists of the nucleus accumbens and the olfactory tubercle. The dorsal striatum consists of the caudate nucleus and the putamen. A white matter nerve tract (the internal capsule) in the dorsal striatum separates the caudate nucleus and the putamen.[4] Anatomically, the term striatum describes its striped (striated) appearance of grey-and-white matter.[10]