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Parliament of Independence (Circassia)
1861–64 legislature of Circassia / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Circassian Parliament or the Circassian Majlis (Adyghe: Адыгэ Хасэ, romanized: Adıgə Xasə; also called the Parliament of Independence; Adyghe: Шъхьафитныгъэ Хасэ, romanized: Şhafitnığə Xasə)[2] was the legislature of Circassia officialized in 1861 after a meeting in Sochi attended by leaders of several Circassian provinces.[3][4][5] A tribal confederation had existed before the parliament's establishment, but a centralized government was achieved only after it was built.[6]
The Circassian Parliament Шъхьафитныгъэ Хасэ Şhafitnığə Xasə | |
---|---|
Parliament of Circassia | |
![]() The Circassian flag variant used by the Parliament | |
![]() Administrative divisions of Circassia according to the decree issued by the Parliament | |
Type | |
Type | |
History | |
Founded | 13 June 1861 (163 years ago) (1861-06-13) |
Disbanded | 21 May 1864 (160 years ago) (1864-05-21) |
Preceded by | Lepq Zefes (People's Council) |
Leadership | |
Chairman | |
Abdzakh Representative | Hasan Bidh |
Shapsug Representative | Islam Thaushe |
Other important members | |
Structure | |
Political groups | Government |
Elections | |
First election | 13 June 1861 |
Last election | 13 June 1861 |
Motto | |
Псэм ипэ напэ Psəm yipə napə "Honor before life" | |
Meeting place | |
Ş̂açə (Modern-day Sochi) (1861-1862) | |
Mutıxwa (Modern-day Plastunki) (1862-1864) | |
Qbaada (Modern-day Krasnaya Polyana) (1864) |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Presidents_of_the_Circassian_Confederation.jpg/640px-Presidents_of_the_Circassian_Confederation.jpg)
The parliament aimed to defend the western part of Circassia from Russian invasion,[7] and to liberate the occupied Eastern Circassia from the Russian Empire during the Russian-Circassian War.[8] It also sent delegates abroad to gain support for the Circassian struggle internationally.[9]