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Cerium(III) sulfide
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Cerium(III) sulfide, also known as cerium sesquisulfide, is an inorganic compound with the formula Ce2S3. It is the sulfide salt of cerium(III) and exists as three polymorphs with different crystal structures.[1][2][3]
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Names | |
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IUPAC name
Cerium(III) sulfide | |
Other names
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Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.031.445 ![]() |
EC Number |
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PubChem CID |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
Ce2S3 | |
Molar mass | 375.73 g/mol |
Appearance | Red/burgundy/black crystals (depending on polymorph) |
Density | 5.18 g/cm3 |
Melting point | 1,840 to 1,940 °C (3,340 to 3,520 °F; 2,110 to 2,210 K) |
Boiling point | decomposes (at 2300 °C) |
insoluble | |
Solubility | soluble in warm formic or acetic acid soluble in cold dil. HCl, HNO3 or H2SO4 |
Band gap | 2.06 eV (γ-Ce2S3) |
Refractive index (nD) |
2.77 (589 nm) |
Structure | |
orthorhombic (α-Ce2S3) tetragonal (β-Ce2S3) cubic (γ-Ce2S3) | |
Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C) |
126.2 J·mol−1·K−1 |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
-1260 kJ·mol−1 |
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵) |
-1230 kJ·mol−1 |
Hazards | |
GHS labelling: | |
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Warning | |
H315, H319, H335 | |
P261, P280, P305+P351+P338 | |
Related compounds | |
Other anions |
Cerium(III) oxide, Cerium(III) selenide, Cerium(III) oxyselenide |
Other cations |
Samarium(III) sulfide, Praseodymium(III) sulfide |
Related compounds |
Cerium(II) sulfide, Ce3S4, Cerium disulfide, Ce2O2S |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Its high melting point (comparable to silica or alumina) and chemically inert nature have led to occasional examination of potential use as a refractory material for crucibles, but it has never been widely adopted for this application.[2]
The distinctive red colour of two of the polymorphs (α- and β-Ce2S3) and aforementioned chemical stability up to high temperatures have led to some limited commercial use as a red pigment (known as cerium sulfide red).[3]